Papers by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
Past and Future Adventures of the Pergamon Deposit. With an Appendix Contributed to by Felicia Kant: The Arduous Journey of the Rhodian Stamped Amphora Handle D 951 from Pergamon to the Winckelmann-Institute's Archaeological Collection
Ch. Börker – S. Japp – A. Keweloh-Kaletta – N. Neuenfeld (eds.), Amphoras in Need of Archaeology and Archaeometry. Proceedings of the International Symposium in Berlin, 6th and 7th July 2018, Sonderband SKYLLIS (Remshalden 2019) 107-121, 2019
Though the so-called Pergamon Deposit represents one of the most significant collections of stamp... more Though the so-called Pergamon Deposit represents one of the most significant collections of stamped amphora handles, the archived excavation documentation associated with its discovery in 1886 has not been examined yet. Furthermore, only an exemplary archaeometric
study of the material has been conducted. In this paper, the potential of advanced studies of the excavation documentation, personal correspondences, and the handles themselves is evaluated. Based on the excavation diaries, a possible contextualisation with tile stamps and iron clamps can be assumed. This conjecture is further supported by the examination of the state of preservation of the specimen in a limited case study, presenting evidence for a potential joint deposition with metal objects as well as a long-term exposure to environmental conditions during the successive accumulation of the amphora fragments.
Within the framework of the conducted fabric descriptions, a handle bearing the Rhodian eponym of Damokles II significantly differed from the characteristic Rhodian fabrics in terms of inclusions, breakage and surface treatment, possibly hinting at a different place of production. In an appendix, further detective work is presented, allowing for an assignation of a Rhodian stamped amphora handle from the Winckelmann-Institut’s archaeological collection to the Pergamon Deposit.
in: S. Japp – P. Kögler (Hrsg.), Traditions and Innovations: Tracking the Development of Pottery from the Late Classical to the Early Imperial Periods. Berlin, 7.–10. November 2013 (Wien 2016) 307– 316., 2016
Pergamenian table ware production of the Hellenistic and early Roman period is known for its comp... more Pergamenian table ware production of the Hellenistic and early Roman period is known for its comprehensive repertoire and a tendency for inventing new forms and decorative elements. One interesting feature within this repertoire is bi-coloured vessels: vessels with a red or reddish-brown and a black or brownish-black surface ( ). This polychromatism does not seem to be an accidental product of the firing process but appears to be intentional.
in: F. Pirson, Pergamon - Bericht über die Arbeiten in der Kampagne 2014, AA 2015/2, 152-155.
in: F. Pirson, Pergamon – Bericht über die Arbeiten in der Kampagne 2013, AA 2014, 147–151.
Gräber am Westhang des Stadtberges dokumentiert. Ein Schwerpunkt der Arbeiten lag auf der erneute... more Gräber am Westhang des Stadtberges dokumentiert. Ein Schwerpunkt der Arbeiten lag auf der erneuten Untersuchung des Niyazi Tepe 91 , wo ein Felsgrab neu aufgenommen und der Plan des Grabtempels georeferenziert wurde. Nach der überraschenden Auffindung von Resten des Fundmaterials aus dem 1906 von Dörpfeld freigelegten Tumulus III 92 in einem der Depots der Pergamongrabung sind die Alabastra sowie diverse Metall-und Holzfunde neu konserviert und dokumentiert worden. Weitere Einzeluntersuchungen galten der Verwendung gebrannter Mauerziegel im kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasien 93 sowie dem Dionysos-Tempel auf der Theaterterrasse, der im Rahmen eines neuen baugeschichtlichen Projekts erforscht werden soll 94 . Fundmaterial Die archäometrische Untersuchung von Keramik aus Pergamon und seinem Umland wurde mit der Entnahme weiterer Proben fortgesetzt 95 . Dabei konzentriert sich ein neuer Projektabschnitt auf die (lokale?) Herkunft bestimmter Kochkeramik und Krüge. In diesem Rahmen sollen erstmals RFA-Analysen in den Labors der Koç Üniversitesi Istanbul durchgeführt werden 96 . Die Bearbeitung der Schmuck-und Trachtbestandteile aus Pergamon umfasste wiederum die Kontrolle bereits dokumentierten Materials sowie die Bearbeitung der Funde aus der Südostnekropole und den laufenden Grabungen 97 . Im Rahmen einer Studie zur handwerklichen Bearbeitung von Tierknochen und Horn wurden die Funde aus einer Knochenschnitzerwerkstatt im Bereich der Stadtgrabung nochmals untersucht 98 .
in: F. Pirson, Pergamon – Bericht über die Arbeiten in der Kampagne 2012, AA 2013, 134–138.
in: F. Pirson, Pergamon – Bericht über die Arbeiten in der Kampagne 2011, AA 2012, 251–255.
Call for Papers by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
International Symposium on Archaeological and Archaeometric Studies on Local and Imported Amphora... more International Symposium on Archaeological and Archaeometric Studies on Local and Imported Amphoras in Western Asia Minor
6th & 7th July 2018, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Since 2011, there have been regular meetings of undergraduate, graduate, and professional members of finds processing teams from German excavations on the western coast of Turkey. These meetings have served to answer questions dealing with terminology, eastern sigillata, grey wares, and courseware. Traditionally, topics are chosen that are seen as burning questions for every finds processing team, which has always resulted in interesting discussions and synergy effects. We are of the opinion that the field of amphora research, closely connected to the study and analysis of ceramic fabrics, is one of these essential topics. For these reasons, we propose expanding Mark L. Lawall's programmatic postulation " Amphoras in need of Archaeology " with " and Archaeometry.
Online Resources & Blogs by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
Pitane Survey 2021 Blog
https://www.dainst.blog/transpergmikro/pitane-survey-in-2021/
Large Amphora Production Site Discovered in the Vicinity of Pergamon
https://www.dainst.blog/transpergmikro/amphora-production-site/
Papers Pergamon and Environs by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
Pergamon – Die Arbeiten in der Kampagne 2020
Archäologischer Anzeiger, 2021
In 2020, the Pergamon Excavation concentrated on projects of the new research programme ›The Tran... more In 2020, the Pergamon Excavation concentrated on projects of the new research programme ›The Transformation of the Pergamon Micro-Region between the Hellenistic and the Roman Imperial Period‹ (TransPergMikro). Excavation of a Hellenistic grave precinct on the north slope of the acropolis hill shed much new light on the funerary culture of the period. Now for the first time a section of a Hellenistic avenue of tombs is known in Pergamon, too. Building archaeology investigations were continued in the amphitheatre and extended to include the Roman theatre on Musalla Mezarlığı. The survey in the vicinity of the Asklepieion and on the western fringes of the ancient city yielded above all new information on utilization of the land for burials and for quarrying. The archaeological survey in the surrounding area concentrated on a river valley and an adjacent plateau north-east of Dikili, where many new features were documented relating to ancient land use and Roman bath culture. The discovery of an ancient cave sanctuary of Meter-Kybele with older layers of use going back to the Epipalaeolithic promises significant new insights into the settlement history of the micro-region and beyond. The physical geography projects in the rural hinterland and the immediate surroundings of the ancient city provided new data on the morphodynamics of the Bakırçay plain and the role of anthropogenic factors. The intensive survey in Pitane (Çandarlı) was concluded and revealed initial chronological and functional differentiations in the use of the site for pottery production. Analyses of the pollen from a drilling core from the Kara Göl supplement and expand the data on the micro-region’s environmental history and also indicate possibilities for further research. Monument conservation measures focused on completing work in the Red Hall, on the ›Gotenmauer‹ on the acropolis hill, and the Lower Rotunda at the Asklepieion.
Istanbuler Mitteilungen, 2017
Until recently, Pergamon’s settlement history was told according to doctrines already formulated ... more Until recently, Pergamon’s settlement history was told according to doctrines already formulated in the early 20th c. Now a re-evaluation becomes apparent. For instance, the idea of a groundbreaking urbanistic initiative under Philetairos can hardly be maintained anymore. At the same time, there is increasing evidence for the existence of a fortified polis with urbanistic standard repertoire already in the late 4th c. B. C. Pergamon´s upgrading to an internationally competitive Hellenistic residence took place in the 2nd c. B. C., when both the representative city center and the slopes of the city-hill were integrated in a general project of urban design. However, the largest part of the newly acquired settlement area was only built up in the 1st c. B. C., which appears as another key-period of Pergamon’s urban development. The urban area doubled once again in the Roman imperial age. There is no evidence, however, for the repeatedly assumed shift of the settlement from the city-hill to the plain. Both zones rather acted in a complementary way until the end of the Byzantine era. The reasons for these developments can only be comprehended in the context of Pergamon’s micro-region, which is included in the analysis of
the settlement’s history for the first time.
Pergamon – Das neue Forschungsprogramm und die Arbeiten in der Kampagne 2019
Archäologischer Anzeiger, 2020
In 2019, the Pergamon Excavation concentrated on projects of the new research programme ›The tran... more In 2019, the Pergamon Excavation concentrated on projects of the new research programme ›The transformation of the Pergamon micro-region between the Hellenistic and the Roman imperial period‹ (TransPergMikro). Completion of the excavation of the so-called banqueting house on the east slope of the acropolis hill produced important new findings on the construction, furnishings, amenities, and use of the unusual structure. The first systematic excavations in the amphitheatre of Pergamon attested a niche-wall as the termination of the arena, its floor and also a construction for damming up water in its interior. Building archaeology investigations were continued in the amphitheatre as well as in the extraurban thermal bath. Archaeological and geophysical follow-up investigations on the tumuli Yığma Tepe and X-Tepe were concluded. A new project in the vicinity of the Asklepieion yielded initial findings on land use and settlement structure and also discovered a previously unknown construction terrace above the sanctuary. Investigations in the surroundings of Pergamon using archaeology and physical geography concentrated on selected sections of the landscape and on certain exceptional structures and their immediate surroundings at the southwest edge of the Kaikos (Bakırçay) plain. Of particular note is a complex with rich marble architecture and evidence of the production of architectural terracotta. The first campaign of an intensive survey in Pitane (Çandarlı) was primarily aimed at ascertaining the type, scope and duration of pottery production there. Monument conservation measures again focused on the gymnasium and the Red Hall, where conservation work lasting several years on the cladding of the southeast temenos wall was concluded. The Pergamon Excavation broke new ground with a capacity building project in the excavated residential area below the expedition house.
Talks & Posters by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
(2021) Summary Results on the 2019-2021 Intensive Survey at Çandarlı
Articles by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
This abstract highlights the production of red slip tablewares in Roman-period Pitane (modern Çan... more This abstract highlights the production of red slip tablewares in Roman-period Pitane (modern Çandarlı), located some 30 kilometres from Pergamon as the crow flies. Two aspects are emphasised: first, questions and observations from which the evidence for pottery production, specifically slipped tablewares, in the region may be approached. Second, these are compared both to current knowledge of production sites within the Pergamon region, and data obtained through recent archaeometrical analyses. Pitane is known for the production of red slip tablewares during ca. the first three centuries AD since Loeschke's excavation in 1911.1 Thus, Pitane became the first archaeologically attested production site of Roman-period red slip tablewares in the eastern Mediterranean. Çandarlı Ware2 was long regarded as a distinct product that dominated the Aegean market especially during the second and third centuries AD. Progressing research prompted a re-evaluation: Çandarlı ware is not necessarily always and everywhere distinguishable from products manufactured in Pergamon itself and within the Pergamon region proper,3 which leads to the question of nomenclature. Because of observations within the last years as well as archaeometrical analyses, researchers in Pergamon now favour the umbrella term Eastern Sigillata C, echoing Kenyon's opinion.4 This also reflects a broader development. At least as far as the major manufacturers of red slip tablewares are concerned, a model of regional production is emerging: a number of nucleated workshops within a relatively limited geographical zone that manufactured similar products, and which in certain respects dominated the production and distribution infrastructure.5 The original meaning and content of a term as 'Eastern Sigillata X' are thus being renewed with new knowledge. The use of Eastern Sigillata C and Late Roman C for red slip tablewares produced within the Pergamon region therefore seems almost obvious. This brings us to regional production organisation and the morphological repertoire shared between two or more distinct workshops. The study of red slip tablewares is moving away from what for long were considered (relatively) well defined classes that originated from a particular site or region. This framework has grown fluid with the identification of new classes across the former Roman Empire, in some cases even the very places of production.6 What these regionally grouped production centres from our perspective have in common, is a (partly) shared morphological repertoire, yet each with distinct features (morphologically, decoratively). Naturally this reflects our perception: we observe (or create) similarities between products from workshops A and B.
Book Chapters by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
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Papers by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
study of the material has been conducted. In this paper, the potential of advanced studies of the excavation documentation, personal correspondences, and the handles themselves is evaluated. Based on the excavation diaries, a possible contextualisation with tile stamps and iron clamps can be assumed. This conjecture is further supported by the examination of the state of preservation of the specimen in a limited case study, presenting evidence for a potential joint deposition with metal objects as well as a long-term exposure to environmental conditions during the successive accumulation of the amphora fragments.
Within the framework of the conducted fabric descriptions, a handle bearing the Rhodian eponym of Damokles II significantly differed from the characteristic Rhodian fabrics in terms of inclusions, breakage and surface treatment, possibly hinting at a different place of production. In an appendix, further detective work is presented, allowing for an assignation of a Rhodian stamped amphora handle from the Winckelmann-Institut’s archaeological collection to the Pergamon Deposit.
Call for Papers by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
6th & 7th July 2018, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Since 2011, there have been regular meetings of undergraduate, graduate, and professional members of finds processing teams from German excavations on the western coast of Turkey. These meetings have served to answer questions dealing with terminology, eastern sigillata, grey wares, and courseware. Traditionally, topics are chosen that are seen as burning questions for every finds processing team, which has always resulted in interesting discussions and synergy effects. We are of the opinion that the field of amphora research, closely connected to the study and analysis of ceramic fabrics, is one of these essential topics. For these reasons, we propose expanding Mark L. Lawall's programmatic postulation " Amphoras in need of Archaeology " with " and Archaeometry.
Online Resources & Blogs by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
Papers Pergamon and Environs by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
the settlement’s history for the first time.
Talks & Posters by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
Articles by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta
Book Chapters by Anneke Keweloh-Kaletta