UK
Crown copyright - Re-using PSI
Crown copyright - Re-using PSI
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Information management
Re-using public-sector information
UK Government Licensing Framework
Crown copyright
Crown copyright
Crown copyright is defined under section 163 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
as works made by officers or servants of the Crown in the course of their duties.
Crown copyright covers material created by
civil servants (PDF, 0.52MB)
, ministers and
government departments and agencies (PDF, 0.19MB)
. This includes legislation, government codes of practice,
social media content (PDF, 0.1MB)
, government reports, official press releases,
academic articles (PDF, 0.21MB)
and many public records. For clarification of the duration of copyright please see the flowcharts for
Crown copyright
and
non-Crown copyright
. The National Archives has also produced a
Permanent Secretary's Guide to Copyright (PDF, 0.88MB)
and
Generative AI and Crown copyright: a brief guide for government departments (PDF, 0.82MB)
Crown-owned copyright applies where Crown rights have been secured under contractual arrangements in
works commissioned by the Crown (PDF, 0.1MB)
. Copyright can also come into Crown ownership by means of assignment or transfer of the copyright from the legal owner of the copyright to the Crown. Copyright in a work which has been assigned to the Crown lasts 70 years after the death of the person who created it.
The default licence for most Crown copyright and Crown database right information is the
Open Government Licence
Our role in managing Crown copyright
The Keeper, who is the Chief Executive Officer of The National Archives, manages Crown copyright and Crown database rights under
Letters Patent
. It is the Keeper who decides whether Crown copyright material can be made available on terms other than the Open Government Licence.
Copyright assignments
Copyright ownership can be transferred by written assignment. In certain exceptional circumstances Crown copyright may be assigned away from the Crown, but only with approval of the Keeper of Public Records.
Completed assignments and assignations
Frequently asked questions
Legacy licensing
The Keeper of Public Records has responsibility for the management of the Crown’s copyright and database rights. Most licensing is under the non-transactional Open Government Licence (OGL).
Delegations of Authority
Delegations of Authority are granted by the Keeper to enable government departments or agencies to licence the re-use of Crown copyright material they produce outside the terms of the Open Government Licence.
Material licensed under a Delegation of Authority
Frequently asked questions
UK Crown bodies
Material produced by public bodies which have Crown status is subject to Crown copyright protection under Section 163 of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988.