NYU Researchers Study Prenatal Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the U.S. | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Skip Navigation NYU Researchers Study Prenatal Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the U.S. Close the left navigation Add Table of Contents Researchers from the New York University center found that nearly 57,000 cases of preterm birth a year might be attributable to phthalate exposures. Associated economic and medical care costs of those cases were estimated at $3.8 billion. Back to Top Last Reviewed: January 05, 2026