Alaska Volcano Observatory | Gareloi
Source: https://avo.alaska.edu/activity/Gareloi.php
Archived: 2026-04-23 17:27
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Gareloi
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Gareloi
Description
Current Activity
Past Activity
Images
Maps
Bibliography
Prepare
Ash Forecasting
Facts
Official Name:
Mount Gareloi
Seismically Monitored:
Yes
Color Code:
GREEN
Alert Level:
NORMAL
Elevation:
1573m (5160ft)
Latitude:
51.78887
Longitude:
-178.79368
Smithsonian VNum:
311070
Nearby Towns:
Adak 93 mi (149 km)
NE
Atka 197 mi (318 km)
NE
Shemya Station 307 mi (494 km)
NW
Attu Station 345 mi (556 km)
NW
Nikolski 426 mi (685 km)
NE
Distance from Anchorage: 1265 mi (2035 km)
Description
From Miller and others (1998)
[1]
: "Mount Gareloi, which makes up most of Gareloi Island, is a stratovolcano 10 km by 8 km in diameter at its base with two summits, separated by a narrow saddle. Two small glaciers extend northwest and southeast from the saddle. The northern, slightly higher peak is on the southern rim of a crater about 300 m across, which contains several active fumaroles. Thirteen younger craters, from 80 to 1600 m in diameter, are aligned along a south-southeast trending fissure that extends from strandline to the southern summit. These craters formed during a major explosive eruption in 1929 that also produced four blocky lava flows (unit Ql), and a blanket of glassy andesitic tuff that covers an area roughly 2.5 x 5 km on the volcano's southeast flank
[2]
.
"The intercalated lava flows and pyroclastic debris that make up Gareloi volcano were produced during two periods of activity separated by an extended interval of quiescence and erosion. Lava flows range from 1 m to more than 6 m in thickness; some flows of the older sequence appear to have originated from flank vents rather than from the summit. Some valleys cut in older rocks are U-shaped, suggesting that the older series is of late Pleistocene age or older. Rocks of the younger series are relatively undissected; many appear to have been erupted form at or near the summit crater. Craters formed during the 1929 eruptions are probably only partly of phreatic origin; erupted material included essential, pumiceous glass, and reddened scoria. Lava flows that erupted in 1929 emerged at elevations below 600 m. In 1949, one crater at an elevation of 900 m, contained a small, milky blue-green lake, which suggests that acid fumaroles were still active in the crater at that time (Coats, 1959
[2]
, p. 253)."
Name Origin
Mount Gareloi is named after Gareloi Island. Gareloi Island's name was published as "O[strov] Goreloi," or "Goreloi Island" by Lt. Sarychev (1826), from the Russian word for "burnt" or "burning." According to Captain Tebenkov (1852), its Unangam Tunuu name was "Anangusik." The name "Gareloi" appeared on U.S. and British maps prior to 1902 (Orth, 1971).
References Cited
[1]
Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska
, 1998
Miller, T. P., McGimsey, R. G., Richter, D. H., Riehle, J. R., Nye, C. J., Yount, M. E., and Dumoulin, J. A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-0582, 104 p.
title page PDF
52
intro and TOC PDF
268 KB
eastern part - Wrangell to Ukinrek Maars PDF
972 KB
central part - Chiginagak to Cleveland PDF
2,463 KB
western part - Carlisle to Kiska PDF
956 KB
references PDF
43 KB
[2]
Geologic reconnaissance of Gareloi Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
, 1959
Coats, R. R., 1959, Geologic reconnaissance of Gareloi Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska: in Investigations of Alaskan volcanoes, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1028-J, p. 249-256, 1 sheet, scale unknown.
full-text PDF
4.4 MB
plate 33 PDF
1.4 MB
Current Activity
No new updates for Gareloi volcano since March 5, 2024, 11:50 am.
Recent Updates
Seismic activity decreased. Aviation Color Code and Volcano Alert Level lowered to GREEN/NORMAL
Mar 5th, 2024 11:50:34 AM
Low-level seismicity continues.
Mar 4th, 2024 12:55:07 PM
Low-level seismicity continues.
Mar 3rd, 2024 11:32:17 AM
Low-level seismicity continues.
Mar 2nd, 2024 11:36:26 AM
Low-level unrest continues. Seismicity is slightly elevated.
Mar 1st, 2024 11:25:34 AM
Webicorder
Color Code Timeline
An explanation of color codes and alert levels can be found
here
.
Loading Past Activity...
Loading Images...
Loading Maps...
Loading Bibliography...
Before an eruption
Sign up for volcanic activty alerts from the Volcano Notification System (US Geological Survey)
Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Gareloi Volcano, Gareloi Island, Alaska
Ashfall & Preparedness Information
Ashfall impacts & preparedness (US Geological Survey)
Volcanic health hazards & impacts (International Volcanic Health Hazards Network)
Ash Alert! Pamphlet (AK Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management)
Volcanic Ashfall (AK Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Air Quality)
During and After an Eruption
National Weather Service Ashfall Warnings are posted here when in effect
Alaska Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management
Ted Stevens Airport Flight Status (Anchorage)
Fairbanks Airport Flight Status
Other Useful Links
Citizen Science: Ashfall collection instructions
Citizen Science: IS ASH FALLING? Report your observations (yes or no!)
Ash Forecasting
Mathematical models developed by the USGS forecast various aspects of how a volcanic ash plume will interact with wind—where, how high, and how fast ash particles will be transported in the atmosphere, as well as where ash will fall out and accumulate on the ground. AVO runs these models when a volcano is restless by assuming a reasonable hypothetical eruption, to provide a pre-eruptive forecast of areas likely to be affected. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available.
View the current airborne ash cloud models for Gareloi
Ashfall thickness forecast
The Ash3d model was developed by the USGS to forecast how a volcanic ash plume will interact with wind and where ash will fall out and accumulate on the ground. AVO runs these models twice daily when a volcano is restless by assuming a reasonable
hypothetical
eruption altitude and duration. The map shows the model results of ashfall thickness for areas that are likely to be affected, if one were to occur. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available, and these plots will be automatically updated. The
National Weather Service
Anchorage Forecast Office will issue the official ashfall warning product and post them at
weather.gov/afc
THESE PRODUCTS MAY NOT BE CURRENT.
During an actual eruption, see National Weather Service forecasts of ashfall:
https://weather.gov/afc
.
Ashfall Forecast
Click on the X on the graphic (upper right) to expand the map to show the map legend.
Ashfall Start Time
This map shows the modeled estimate of the time it would take for ashfall to begin following an eruption. It corresponds to the ashfall thickness forecast map shown above. This map uses the start time of either the twice-daily hypothetical model runs (time shown in the legend) or the actual eruption start time (if one were to occur). In the case of an actual eruption, the National Weather Service Anchorage Forecast Office will issue the official ashfall warning product that includes the ashfall start time and post them at
weather.gov/afc
THESE PRODUCTS MAY NOT BE CURRENT.
During an actual eruption, see National Weather Service forecasts of ashfall:
https://weather.gov/afc
.
Ashfall Start Times Forecast
Click on the X on the graphic (upper right) to expand the map to show the map legend.
USGS Volcano Notification Service
Contact AVO
Privacy
Accessibility
Information Quality
FOIA
This website is supported by the U.S. Geological Survey under Cooperative Agreement Grant G22AC00137 and G23AC00070.
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
×
Gareloi
Alaska Volcano Observatory
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FAQ
Gareloi
Description
Current Activity
Past Activity
Images
Maps
Bibliography
Prepare
Ash Forecasting
Facts
Official Name:
Mount Gareloi
Seismically Monitored:
Yes
Color Code:
GREEN
Alert Level:
NORMAL
Elevation:
1573m (5160ft)
Latitude:
51.78887
Longitude:
-178.79368
Smithsonian VNum:
311070
Nearby Towns:
Adak 93 mi (149 km)
NE
Atka 197 mi (318 km)
NE
Shemya Station 307 mi (494 km)
NW
Attu Station 345 mi (556 km)
NW
Nikolski 426 mi (685 km)
NE
Distance from Anchorage: 1265 mi (2035 km)
Description
From Miller and others (1998)
[1]
: "Mount Gareloi, which makes up most of Gareloi Island, is a stratovolcano 10 km by 8 km in diameter at its base with two summits, separated by a narrow saddle. Two small glaciers extend northwest and southeast from the saddle. The northern, slightly higher peak is on the southern rim of a crater about 300 m across, which contains several active fumaroles. Thirteen younger craters, from 80 to 1600 m in diameter, are aligned along a south-southeast trending fissure that extends from strandline to the southern summit. These craters formed during a major explosive eruption in 1929 that also produced four blocky lava flows (unit Ql), and a blanket of glassy andesitic tuff that covers an area roughly 2.5 x 5 km on the volcano's southeast flank
[2]
.
"The intercalated lava flows and pyroclastic debris that make up Gareloi volcano were produced during two periods of activity separated by an extended interval of quiescence and erosion. Lava flows range from 1 m to more than 6 m in thickness; some flows of the older sequence appear to have originated from flank vents rather than from the summit. Some valleys cut in older rocks are U-shaped, suggesting that the older series is of late Pleistocene age or older. Rocks of the younger series are relatively undissected; many appear to have been erupted form at or near the summit crater. Craters formed during the 1929 eruptions are probably only partly of phreatic origin; erupted material included essential, pumiceous glass, and reddened scoria. Lava flows that erupted in 1929 emerged at elevations below 600 m. In 1949, one crater at an elevation of 900 m, contained a small, milky blue-green lake, which suggests that acid fumaroles were still active in the crater at that time (Coats, 1959
[2]
, p. 253)."
Name Origin
Mount Gareloi is named after Gareloi Island. Gareloi Island's name was published as "O[strov] Goreloi," or "Goreloi Island" by Lt. Sarychev (1826), from the Russian word for "burnt" or "burning." According to Captain Tebenkov (1852), its Unangam Tunuu name was "Anangusik." The name "Gareloi" appeared on U.S. and British maps prior to 1902 (Orth, 1971).
References Cited
[1]
Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska
, 1998
Miller, T. P., McGimsey, R. G., Richter, D. H., Riehle, J. R., Nye, C. J., Yount, M. E., and Dumoulin, J. A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-0582, 104 p.
title page PDF
52
intro and TOC PDF
268 KB
eastern part - Wrangell to Ukinrek Maars PDF
972 KB
central part - Chiginagak to Cleveland PDF
2,463 KB
western part - Carlisle to Kiska PDF
956 KB
references PDF
43 KB
[2]
Geologic reconnaissance of Gareloi Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
, 1959
Coats, R. R., 1959, Geologic reconnaissance of Gareloi Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska: in Investigations of Alaskan volcanoes, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1028-J, p. 249-256, 1 sheet, scale unknown.
full-text PDF
4.4 MB
plate 33 PDF
1.4 MB
Current Activity
No new updates for Gareloi volcano since March 5, 2024, 11:50 am.
Recent Updates
Seismic activity decreased. Aviation Color Code and Volcano Alert Level lowered to GREEN/NORMAL
Mar 5th, 2024 11:50:34 AM
Low-level seismicity continues.
Mar 4th, 2024 12:55:07 PM
Low-level seismicity continues.
Mar 3rd, 2024 11:32:17 AM
Low-level seismicity continues.
Mar 2nd, 2024 11:36:26 AM
Low-level unrest continues. Seismicity is slightly elevated.
Mar 1st, 2024 11:25:34 AM
Webicorder
Color Code Timeline
An explanation of color codes and alert levels can be found
here
.
Loading Past Activity...
Loading Images...
Loading Maps...
Loading Bibliography...
Before an eruption
Sign up for volcanic activty alerts from the Volcano Notification System (US Geological Survey)
Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Gareloi Volcano, Gareloi Island, Alaska
Ashfall & Preparedness Information
Ashfall impacts & preparedness (US Geological Survey)
Volcanic health hazards & impacts (International Volcanic Health Hazards Network)
Ash Alert! Pamphlet (AK Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management)
Volcanic Ashfall (AK Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Air Quality)
During and After an Eruption
National Weather Service Ashfall Warnings are posted here when in effect
Alaska Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management
Ted Stevens Airport Flight Status (Anchorage)
Fairbanks Airport Flight Status
Other Useful Links
Citizen Science: Ashfall collection instructions
Citizen Science: IS ASH FALLING? Report your observations (yes or no!)
Ash Forecasting
Mathematical models developed by the USGS forecast various aspects of how a volcanic ash plume will interact with wind—where, how high, and how fast ash particles will be transported in the atmosphere, as well as where ash will fall out and accumulate on the ground. AVO runs these models when a volcano is restless by assuming a reasonable hypothetical eruption, to provide a pre-eruptive forecast of areas likely to be affected. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available.
View the current airborne ash cloud models for Gareloi
Ashfall thickness forecast
The Ash3d model was developed by the USGS to forecast how a volcanic ash plume will interact with wind and where ash will fall out and accumulate on the ground. AVO runs these models twice daily when a volcano is restless by assuming a reasonable
hypothetical
eruption altitude and duration. The map shows the model results of ashfall thickness for areas that are likely to be affected, if one were to occur. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available, and these plots will be automatically updated. The
National Weather Service
Anchorage Forecast Office will issue the official ashfall warning product and post them at
weather.gov/afc
THESE PRODUCTS MAY NOT BE CURRENT.
During an actual eruption, see National Weather Service forecasts of ashfall:
https://weather.gov/afc
.
Ashfall Forecast
Click on the X on the graphic (upper right) to expand the map to show the map legend.
Ashfall Start Time
This map shows the modeled estimate of the time it would take for ashfall to begin following an eruption. It corresponds to the ashfall thickness forecast map shown above. This map uses the start time of either the twice-daily hypothetical model runs (time shown in the legend) or the actual eruption start time (if one were to occur). In the case of an actual eruption, the National Weather Service Anchorage Forecast Office will issue the official ashfall warning product that includes the ashfall start time and post them at
weather.gov/afc
THESE PRODUCTS MAY NOT BE CURRENT.
During an actual eruption, see National Weather Service forecasts of ashfall:
https://weather.gov/afc
.
Ashfall Start Times Forecast
Click on the X on the graphic (upper right) to expand the map to show the map legend.
USGS Volcano Notification Service
Contact AVO
Privacy
Accessibility
Information Quality
FOIA
This website is supported by the U.S. Geological Survey under Cooperative Agreement Grant G22AC00137 and G23AC00070.
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
×