Project Coral - Horniman Museum and Gardens
Source: https://www.horniman.ac.uk/project/project-coral
Archived: 2026-04-23 17:35
Project Coral - Horniman Museum and Gardens
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Project Coral is the Horniman Aquarium’s ground-breaking multi-year research project, which has revolutionised the study of sexual reproduction of corals.
In 2013 Project Coral ‘cracked the code’ of predictable spawning of broadcast corals in a lab environment. The methodology and research were published as open source, enabling others to use Project Coral’s pioneering techniques.
Since then, Project Coral has worked with academic institutions and aquariums around the world. Its coral husbandry protocols and research continue to be the catalyst and inspiration for projects that will improve the survival chances and resilience of corals to climate change. And Project Coral’s research continues at the Horniman, behind the scenes in the
Aquarium
.
Project Coral is led by
Dr Jamie Craggs
, Principal Aquarium Curator at the Horniman Museum and Gardens.
Media enquiries
press@horniman.ac.uk
020 8291 8166
Why is Project Coral needed?
Coral reefs are incredibly diverse habitats. One square metre of coral reef contains as many different types of animals (genera) as a whole hectare of Amazon rainforest.
They also support millions of people through food security, coastal protection and income through tourism.
But coral reefs are under threat. Human activities like pollution, overfishing and climate change mean we are losing coral reefs at an alarming rate.
Understanding coral reproduction and how reefs naturally rebuild themselves is key to understanding how we can help preserve and restore coral reefs – and that’s where Project Coral comes in.
In the wild, most corals reproduce over only one or two nights a year during a mass spawning event, dependent on the right climatic conditions, temperature and phases of the moon. This means opportunities to study coral reproduction have been limited.
Project Coral is changing that. Replicating those environmental conditions in a laboratory setting means we can now induce corals to spawn. And sharing our research with other institutions means we’re opening up more and more avenues of research into coral reproduction, across multiple coral species and around the world.
Latest news
In October 2024, threatened native species Eunicella verrucosa, the Pink Sea Fan,
reproduced at the Horniman
, the first time this has been achieved in a UK institution.
Project Coral was a partner in a study, published in October 2024, showing that
selective breeding can lead to a modest rise in coral heat tolerance
.
Current focus of Project Coral research at the Horniman
The Horniman Aquarium is the only institution in the world to be studying corals from five geographical areas in one lab – Australia, Fiji, the Indian Ocean, Singapore and the UK.
Research projects based around the late 2024 spawning include looking at cross-fertilisation between different geographic groups, and studying the role played by coral fluorescence in attracting food.
The Project Coral team is currently working with five PhD students from three different universities, researching:
the spawning range of Pink Sea Fans
transcriptomics (how genes produce proteins in response to stimuli) of juvenile sea urchins
and the sexual reproduction of large polyp stony corals.
Project Coral is also working with PICRIC (Palau International Coral Reef Centre) and Coral Assist, on a project to investigate co-culturing corals with edible species of sea urchins, promising opportunities for both reef restoration and food / tourism on the island.
The Horniman Project Coral team is collaborating with the Tropical Marine Centre on coral-spawning research to support coral species conservation and reef-restoration efforts. Through this partnership, we will document the reproductive behaviour of species from a broad range of geographical habitats and use cryopreservation techniques to create a long-term biobank of genetic material to aid in species conservation.
Previous successes
Rearing juvenile sea urchins alongside lab-spawned corals has become a regular feature of Project Coral’s work, since its
research in 2019
proved this co-culturing produced an eight-times-higher survival rate in young corals.
In 2016,
Project Coral celebrated a survival rate of its lab-spawned corals of well over 1,000 times greater than in the wild
. From 130,000 eggs released during the 2015 spawning event, cross fertilisation created thousands of free-floating larvae, of which around 180 were growing well a year on – a 0.14% survival rate (from egg to growing coral). Scientists estimate that only one in a million eggs released during wild spawning events will survive to become an adult coral.
Real world impacts
Florida Aquarium’s Center for Conservation (CFC) is the largest land-based Caribbean coral archive and research facility in the world. The 22-acre site in Tampa Bay, Florida has four systems replicating Project Coral’s protocols and, since 2018, has achieved multiple spawnings of staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis),
endangered Atlantic pillar coral
(Dendrogyra cylindrus) and maze coral (Meandrina meandrites). This has resulted in thousands of lab-spawned coral being planted into the ocean to repair damage along the Florida Reef Tract, along with
publications
sharing CFC’s work.
Coral Spawning International (CSI) (formally Coral Spawning Lab) is an independent company co-founded by Dr Jamie Craggs specialising in the design and construction of coral spawning research systems, to facilitate reef restoration and research. This enables organisations to implement Project Coral’s protocols and reproduce corals independently. Since 2020, sent over 80 systems have been sent to 19 institutions across 12 countries, including government departments, universities, NGOs, and private resorts. In 2022, this effort was awarded the
MSC Foundation SeAct Award
for Innovation in scaling up coral reef restoration.
Alongside continuing to lead Project Coral at the Horniman, Jamie Craggs has also taken on an additional role as Senior Marine Scientist at
Mars Sustainable Solutions
, where he’ll be working towards implementing coral reproduction techniques at reef restoration sites worldwide.
Support Project Coral
From our tiny lab in south London, Project Coral is having a huge impact around the world. But we need your help.
Project Coral depends on the support of individuals and partners to carry out this vital work. Donate now to help us preserve our coral reefs.
£20
could purchase a pack of water-testing kits, essential for maintaining a healthy environment for our corals.
£50
can help buy equipment like temperature probes or chemical elements crucial to creating reef-like conditions in our London tanks.
We are constantly striving to push the boundaries of what is possible in our research behind the scenes. Please consider supporting our work long term to help us conduct essential research into coral reproduction and work collaboratively with researchers to support coral reef conservation efforts.
A monthly or
regular donation of £20
can support our collaborative efforts with laboratories and research teams across the world.
A generous
£50 a month
will help to progress this research from the lab to the ocean and save our coral reefs.
If you’re interested in corporate sponsorship or partnering with Project Coral, please contact
fundraising@horniman.ac.uk
.
Scientific Partners
University of Derby
Visit the website
The Florida Aquarium
Visit the website
Newcastle University
Visit the website
University of Exeter
Visit the website
Oxford University
Visit the website
Zoological Society of London
Visit the website
Corporate Partners
Ecotech Marine
Visit the website
Aqua Illumination
Visit the website
Tropical Marine Centre
Visit the website
Dates
Currently active
CONTACT
Jamie Craggs, Principal Aquarium Curator
jcraggs@horniman.ac.uk
Contact the Aquarium
We would be delighted to discuss Project Coral or how you can support this unique project. Contact Jamie Craggs, our Aquarium Curator.
020 8291 8715
jcraggs@horniman.ac.uk
Continue exploring
Display
Aquarium
Open daily
(Closed 24-26 December)
10:30am - 5:30pm (last entry 4:30pm)
Please note: the Aquarium will be closed for part of the day…
Find out more
Book now
Living
The Horniman’s Living Collections consist of four main areas. Animal…
Find out more
Baby sea urchins boost coral survival rate
By Press Office, 11 September 2019
New research techniques from the Horniman and the University of Derby will benefit global coral restoration.
Double celebration for Horniman’s coral researchers
By Press Office, 20 December 2018
Project Coral researchers at the Horniman are celebrating the fourth successful annual spawning of their lab-based corals and new funding from the Shuttleworth Foundation to further their work.
About the Horniman
The Horniman connects us all with global cultures and the natural environment, encouraging us to shape a positive future for the world we all share.
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Project Coral is the Horniman Aquarium’s ground-breaking multi-year research project, which has revolutionised the study of sexual reproduction of corals.
In 2013 Project Coral ‘cracked the code’ of predictable spawning of broadcast corals in a lab environment. The methodology and research were published as open source, enabling others to use Project Coral’s pioneering techniques.
Since then, Project Coral has worked with academic institutions and aquariums around the world. Its coral husbandry protocols and research continue to be the catalyst and inspiration for projects that will improve the survival chances and resilience of corals to climate change. And Project Coral’s research continues at the Horniman, behind the scenes in the
Aquarium
.
Project Coral is led by
Dr Jamie Craggs
, Principal Aquarium Curator at the Horniman Museum and Gardens.
Media enquiries
press@horniman.ac.uk
020 8291 8166
Why is Project Coral needed?
Coral reefs are incredibly diverse habitats. One square metre of coral reef contains as many different types of animals (genera) as a whole hectare of Amazon rainforest.
They also support millions of people through food security, coastal protection and income through tourism.
But coral reefs are under threat. Human activities like pollution, overfishing and climate change mean we are losing coral reefs at an alarming rate.
Understanding coral reproduction and how reefs naturally rebuild themselves is key to understanding how we can help preserve and restore coral reefs – and that’s where Project Coral comes in.
In the wild, most corals reproduce over only one or two nights a year during a mass spawning event, dependent on the right climatic conditions, temperature and phases of the moon. This means opportunities to study coral reproduction have been limited.
Project Coral is changing that. Replicating those environmental conditions in a laboratory setting means we can now induce corals to spawn. And sharing our research with other institutions means we’re opening up more and more avenues of research into coral reproduction, across multiple coral species and around the world.
Latest news
In October 2024, threatened native species Eunicella verrucosa, the Pink Sea Fan,
reproduced at the Horniman
, the first time this has been achieved in a UK institution.
Project Coral was a partner in a study, published in October 2024, showing that
selective breeding can lead to a modest rise in coral heat tolerance
.
Current focus of Project Coral research at the Horniman
The Horniman Aquarium is the only institution in the world to be studying corals from five geographical areas in one lab – Australia, Fiji, the Indian Ocean, Singapore and the UK.
Research projects based around the late 2024 spawning include looking at cross-fertilisation between different geographic groups, and studying the role played by coral fluorescence in attracting food.
The Project Coral team is currently working with five PhD students from three different universities, researching:
the spawning range of Pink Sea Fans
transcriptomics (how genes produce proteins in response to stimuli) of juvenile sea urchins
and the sexual reproduction of large polyp stony corals.
Project Coral is also working with PICRIC (Palau International Coral Reef Centre) and Coral Assist, on a project to investigate co-culturing corals with edible species of sea urchins, promising opportunities for both reef restoration and food / tourism on the island.
The Horniman Project Coral team is collaborating with the Tropical Marine Centre on coral-spawning research to support coral species conservation and reef-restoration efforts. Through this partnership, we will document the reproductive behaviour of species from a broad range of geographical habitats and use cryopreservation techniques to create a long-term biobank of genetic material to aid in species conservation.
Previous successes
Rearing juvenile sea urchins alongside lab-spawned corals has become a regular feature of Project Coral’s work, since its
research in 2019
proved this co-culturing produced an eight-times-higher survival rate in young corals.
In 2016,
Project Coral celebrated a survival rate of its lab-spawned corals of well over 1,000 times greater than in the wild
. From 130,000 eggs released during the 2015 spawning event, cross fertilisation created thousands of free-floating larvae, of which around 180 were growing well a year on – a 0.14% survival rate (from egg to growing coral). Scientists estimate that only one in a million eggs released during wild spawning events will survive to become an adult coral.
Real world impacts
Florida Aquarium’s Center for Conservation (CFC) is the largest land-based Caribbean coral archive and research facility in the world. The 22-acre site in Tampa Bay, Florida has four systems replicating Project Coral’s protocols and, since 2018, has achieved multiple spawnings of staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis),
endangered Atlantic pillar coral
(Dendrogyra cylindrus) and maze coral (Meandrina meandrites). This has resulted in thousands of lab-spawned coral being planted into the ocean to repair damage along the Florida Reef Tract, along with
publications
sharing CFC’s work.
Coral Spawning International (CSI) (formally Coral Spawning Lab) is an independent company co-founded by Dr Jamie Craggs specialising in the design and construction of coral spawning research systems, to facilitate reef restoration and research. This enables organisations to implement Project Coral’s protocols and reproduce corals independently. Since 2020, sent over 80 systems have been sent to 19 institutions across 12 countries, including government departments, universities, NGOs, and private resorts. In 2022, this effort was awarded the
MSC Foundation SeAct Award
for Innovation in scaling up coral reef restoration.
Alongside continuing to lead Project Coral at the Horniman, Jamie Craggs has also taken on an additional role as Senior Marine Scientist at
Mars Sustainable Solutions
, where he’ll be working towards implementing coral reproduction techniques at reef restoration sites worldwide.
Support Project Coral
From our tiny lab in south London, Project Coral is having a huge impact around the world. But we need your help.
Project Coral depends on the support of individuals and partners to carry out this vital work. Donate now to help us preserve our coral reefs.
£20
could purchase a pack of water-testing kits, essential for maintaining a healthy environment for our corals.
£50
can help buy equipment like temperature probes or chemical elements crucial to creating reef-like conditions in our London tanks.
We are constantly striving to push the boundaries of what is possible in our research behind the scenes. Please consider supporting our work long term to help us conduct essential research into coral reproduction and work collaboratively with researchers to support coral reef conservation efforts.
A monthly or
regular donation of £20
can support our collaborative efforts with laboratories and research teams across the world.
A generous
£50 a month
will help to progress this research from the lab to the ocean and save our coral reefs.
If you’re interested in corporate sponsorship or partnering with Project Coral, please contact
fundraising@horniman.ac.uk
.
Scientific Partners
University of Derby
Visit the website
The Florida Aquarium
Visit the website
Newcastle University
Visit the website
University of Exeter
Visit the website
Oxford University
Visit the website
Zoological Society of London
Visit the website
Corporate Partners
Ecotech Marine
Visit the website
Aqua Illumination
Visit the website
Tropical Marine Centre
Visit the website
Dates
Currently active
CONTACT
Jamie Craggs, Principal Aquarium Curator
jcraggs@horniman.ac.uk
Contact the Aquarium
We would be delighted to discuss Project Coral or how you can support this unique project. Contact Jamie Craggs, our Aquarium Curator.
020 8291 8715
jcraggs@horniman.ac.uk
Continue exploring
Display
Aquarium
Open daily
(Closed 24-26 December)
10:30am - 5:30pm (last entry 4:30pm)
Please note: the Aquarium will be closed for part of the day…
Find out more
Book now
Living
The Horniman’s Living Collections consist of four main areas. Animal…
Find out more
Baby sea urchins boost coral survival rate
By Press Office, 11 September 2019
New research techniques from the Horniman and the University of Derby will benefit global coral restoration.
Double celebration for Horniman’s coral researchers
By Press Office, 20 December 2018
Project Coral researchers at the Horniman are celebrating the fourth successful annual spawning of their lab-based corals and new funding from the Shuttleworth Foundation to further their work.
About the Horniman
The Horniman connects us all with global cultures and the natural environment, encouraging us to shape a positive future for the world we all share.
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viewed_cookie_policy
11 months
The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data.
visid_incap_*
1 year
Incapsula sets this cookie to provide cloud-based website security services.
Functional
Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collecting feedback, and other third-party features.
Cookie
Duration
Description
__cf_bm
30 minutes
This cookie is set by CloudFare. The cookie is used to support Cloudfare Bot Management.
_donations_session
1 year
Used by Donorbox to collect anonymous information to process your donation.
sp_landing
1 day
The sp_landing is set by Spotify to implement audio content from Spotify on the website and also registers information on user interaction related to the audio content.
sp_t
1 year
The sp_t cookie is set by Spotify to implement audio content from Spotify on the website and also registers information on user interaction related to the audio content.
yt-player-bandwidth
never
The yt-player-bandwidth cookie is used to store the user's video player preferences and settings, particularly related to bandwidth and streaming quality on YouTube.
yt-player-headers-readable
never
The yt-player-headers-readable cookie is used by YouTube to store user preferences related to video playback and interface, enhancing the user's viewing experience.
yt-remote-cast-available
session
The yt-remote-cast-available cookie is used to store the user's preferences regarding whether casting is available on their YouTube video player.
yt-remote-cast-installed
session
The yt-remote-cast-installed cookie is used to store the user's video player preferences using embedded YouTube video.
yt-remote-connected-devices
never
YouTube sets this cookie to store the user's video preferences using embedded YouTube videos.
yt-remote-device-id
never
YouTube sets this cookie to store the user's video preferences using embedded YouTube videos.
yt-remote-fast-check-period
session
The yt-remote-fast-check-period cookie is used by YouTube to store the user's video player preferences for embedded YouTube videos.
yt-remote-session-app
session
The yt-remote-session-app cookie is used by YouTube to store user preferences and information about the interface of the embedded YouTube video player.
yt-remote-session-name
session
The yt-remote-session-name cookie is used by YouTube to store the user's video player preferences using embedded YouTube video.
ytidb::LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEY
never
Used by YouTube to store the last search result entry that was clicked by the user. This information is used to improve the user experience by providing more relevant search results in the future.
Performance
performance
Performance cookies are used to understand and analyse the key performance indexes of the website, which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors.
Cookie
Duration
Description
AWSALB
7 days
AWSALB is an application load balancer cookie set by Amazon Web Services to map the session to the target.
TNEW
session
This cookie is used on our ticketing site to allow you to sign in and purchase tickets.
VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE
5 months 27 days
This cookie is set by Youtube. Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a website.
Analytics
analytics
Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, pages visited on site, traffic source, etc.
Cookie
Duration
Description
___utmvc
less than a minute
The cookie is installed by Google Analytics to gather data on the user's site usage. This data is then used to compile reports and improve the site.
_fbp
3 months
Facebook sets this cookie to display advertisements when either on Facebook or on a digital platform powered by Facebook advertising after visiting the website.
_ga
1 year 1 month 4 days
Google Analytics sets this cookie to calculate visitor, session and campaign data and track site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookie stores information anonymously and assigns a randomly generated number to recognise unique visitors.
_ga_*
1 year 1 month 4 days
Google Analytics sets this cookie to store and count page views.
_gat_UA-*
1 minute
Google Analytics sets this cookie for user behaviour tracking.
_gcl_au
3 months
Google Tag Manager sets the cookie to experiment advertisement efficiency of websites using their services.
_gid
1 day
Google Analytics sets this cookie to store information on how visitors use a website while also creating an analytics report of the website's performance. Some of the collected data includes the number of visitors, their source, and the pages they visit anonymously.
ajs_anonymous_id
never
This cookie is set by Segment to count the number of people who visit a certain site by tracking if they have visited before.
ajs_group_id
never
This cookie is set by Segment to track visitor usage and events within the website.
ajs_user_id
never
This cookie is set by Segment to help track visitor usage, events, target marketing, and also measure application performance and stability.
vuid
2 years
This domain of this cookie is owned by Vimeo. This cookie is used by vimeo to collect tracking information. It sets a unique ID to embed videos to the website.
YSC
session
This cookie is set by Youtube and is used to track the views of embedded videos.
Advertisement
advertisement
Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customised ads.
Cookie
Duration
Description
IDE
1 year 24 days
Used by Google DoubleClick and stores information about how the user uses the website and any other advertisement before visiting the website. This is used to present users with ads that are relevant to them according to the user profile.
NID
6 months
This cookie is used to a profile based on user's interest and display personalized ads to the users.
PREF
8 months
PREF cookie is set by Youtube to store user preferences like language, format of search results and other customizations for YouTube Videos embedded in different sites.
test_cookie
15 minutes
This cookie is set by doubleclick.net. The purpose of the cookie is to determine if the user's browser supports cookies.
VISITOR_PRIVACY_METADATA
6 months
YouTube sets this cookie to store the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
yt.innertube::nextId
never
YouTube sets this cookie to register a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen.
yt.innertube::requests
never
YouTube sets this cookie to register a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen.
Others
others
Other uncategorised cookies are those that are being analysed and have not been classified into a category as yet.
Cookie
Duration
Description
__cflb
1 hour
This cookie is used by Cloudflare for load balancing.
_cfuvid
session
Cloudflare uses this cookie to distinguish between users from the same IP address.
cf_clearance
1 year
A clearance cookie that stores the proof that a Javascript or Captcha challenge has been passed.
debug
never
Pending
hmt_id
1 month
This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
loglevel
never
A persistent cookie that collects data on user interaction with our video-content.
m
2 years
This Stripe cookie determines the device used to access the website. This allows the website to be formatted accordingly.
Trinity-Session-collage_public-web
session
Pending
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