This template is used on
1,20,000+ pages
To avoid major disruption and server load, any changes should be tested in the template's
/sandbox
or
/testcases
subpages, or in your own
user subpage
. The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. Consider discussing changes on the
talk page
before implementing them.
The
Manual of Style guidelines for block quotations
recommend formatting block quotations using the {{
Blockquote
}} template or the HTML <
blockquote
> element, for which that template provides a wrapper.
Quotes work best when used with short sentences, and at the start or end of a section, as a hint of or to help emphasize the section's content.
For typical quotes, especially those longer than the rest of the paragraph in which they are quoted, {{
Cquote
}} (for use outside of article space only) provides a borderless quote with decorative quotation marks, and {{
Quote frame
}} provides a bordered quote. Both span the page width.
For very short quotes, {{
Rquote
}} (with decorative quotation marks, for use outside of article space only) or {{
Quote box
}} (framed) can be used to set the quote off to either the right or left as in a magazine
sidebar
. This can be effective on
essay
pages and
WikiProject
homepages.
{{Blockquote}}
adds a
block quotation
to an article page.
This is easier to type and is more wiki-like than the equivalent
HTML
blockquote
...
blockquote
tags, and has additional pre-formatted attribution parameters for author and source (though these are not usually used in articles;
Error: no text specified (
help
).
).
Note:
Block quotes do
not
normally contain quotation marks
Error: no text specified (
help
).
This template is for actual quotations only.
Do not use it for block indentation of other material; see
{{
Block indent
}}
for that purpose.
Basic use
Markup
Renders as
{{Blockquote
|text=Quoted material.
}}
With attribution displayed
Markup
Renders as
{{Blockquote
|text=Quoted material.
|author=First M. Last
}}
Quoted material.
First M. Last
With more attribution
Markup
Renders as
{{Blockquote
|text=Quoted material.
|author=First M. Last
|title="Article Title"
|source=''Book Title'' (date)
}}
Quoted material.
First M. Last, "Article Title",
Book Title
(date)
Examples with "multiline"
Especially useful for translated quotes;
see
notes about this parameter
with "multiline"
Markup
Renders as
{{blockquote|text=
{{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}}
This is Not a Pipe.
|multiline=yes
|author=[[René Magritte]]
|title=[[The Treachery of Images]]
}}
Ceci n'est pas une pipe.
This is Not a Pipe.
for comparison without "multiline"
Markup
Renders as
{{blockquote|text=
{{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}}
This is Not a Pipe.
|author=[[René Magritte]]
|title=[[The Treachery of Images]]
}}
Ceci n'est pas une pipe.
This is Not a Pipe.
An ample example
Markup
{{
Blockquote
text
Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.
character
Mark Antony
author
[[
William Shakespeare
]]|
title
''
[[
Julius Caesar (play)
Julius Caesar
]]
''
source
act III, scene I
}}
Renders as
Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.
{{Blockquote
| text =
| author =
| title =
| source =
| character =
| multiline =
| class =
| style =
}}
See also section
#TemplateData
|text=
a.k.a.
|1=
—The material being quoted, without quotation marks around it. It is always safest to name this parameter (rather than use an unnamed positional parameter), because, otherwise, any inclusion of a
non-escaped "=" character
(e.g., in a URL in a source citation) will break the template.
Displayed attribution
ਸੋਧੋ
These parameters are for
displaying
attribution information below the quote; this should not be confused with citing a source
Error: no text specified (
help
).
. These parameters are entirely optional, and are usually used with famous quotations, not routine block quotations, which are usually sourced at the end of the introductory line immediately before the quotation, with a normal
ref
...
ref
tag.
|author=
a.k.a.
|2=
– optional author/speaker attribution information that will appear below the quotation, and preceded with an attribution dash.
|title=
a.k.a.
|3=
– optional title of the work the quote appears in, to display below the quotation. This parameter immediately follows the output of
|author=
(and an auto-generated comma), if one is provided. It does not auto-italicize. Major works (books, plays, albums, feature films, etc.) should be italicized; minor works (articles, chapters, poems, songs, TV episodes, etc.) go in quotation marks
Error: no text specified (
help
).
. Additional citation information can be provided in a fourth parameter,
|source=
, below, which will appear after the title.
|source=
a.k.a.
|4=
– optionally used for additional source information to display, after
|title=
, like so:
|title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels" |source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'', 2016
; a comma will be auto-generated between the two parameters. If
|source=
is used without
|title=
, it simply acts as
|title=
(This parameter was added primarily to ease conversion from misuse of the
pull quote
template
{{
Quote frame
}}
for block quotation, but it may aid in cleaner meta-data implementation later.)
|character=
a.k.a.
|char=
– to attribute fictional speech to a fictional character,
with
other citation information. Can also be used to attribute real speech to a specific speaker among many, e.g. in a roundtable/panel transcript, a band interview, etc. This parameter outputs "[
Character's name
], in" after the attribution dash and before the output of the parameters above, thus one or more of those parameters must also be supplied. If you need to cite a fictional speaker in an article about a single work of fiction, where repeating the author and title information would be redundant, you can just use the
|author=
parameter instead of
|character=
Technically, all citation information can be given in a single parameter, as in:
|source=Anonymous interview subject, in Jane G. Arthur, "The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels", ''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.)
But this is a bit messy, and will impede later efforts to generate metadata from quotation attribution the way we are already doing with source citations. This is much more usable:
|character=Anonymous interview subject
|author=Jane G. Arthur
|title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels"
|source=
''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering''
(2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.)
Later development can assign a CSS
class
and so forth to these separate parameters, upon which scripts would be able to operate (e.g. to look up things in WikiQuote).
Rarely used technical parameters
ਸੋਧੋ
|multiline=
– keep forced linebreaks in output.
Notes:
Will only be applied if at least one of these other parameters or its aliases is not empty (including implicit, unnamed parameters):
|author=
|title=
|source=
, or
|character=
The value does not matter, as long it is not empty. Using a so called speaking parameter (such as
true
or
yes
) is highly recommended. Avoid values that can surprise users (e.g.
false
or
no
).
|style=
– allows specifying additional
CSS
styles (
not
classes) to apply to the
blockquote
...
blockquote
element.
Error: no text specified (
help
).
|class=
– allows specifying additional HTML classes to apply to the same element.
Reference citations
ਸੋਧੋ
reference citation
can be placed before the quote, after the quote, or in the
|source=
parameter:
Typical use:
In the regular-prose introduction to the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed
|author=
|title=
, or
|source=
parameters:
According to Pat Doe, in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015):
ref
...
ref
{{blockquote |text=Quoted material.}}
At the end of the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed
|author=
|title=
, or
|source=
parameters, and placement before the quote isn't appropriate (e.g. because the material immediately before the quote isn't cited to the same source or introduces multiple quotes from different sources:
Pat Doe and Chris Foo took opposing positions: {{blockquote |text=Doe's Quoted material.
ref
...
ref
}} {{blockquote |text=Foo's Quoted material.
ref
...
ref
}}
After the
|source=
value (if a value is given for the
|source=
parameter other than the
ref
...
ref
itself):
One expert noted in 2015: {{blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe |source="Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015)
ref
...
ref
}}
Deprecated:
After the quoted person's name in
|author=
, or after the work's title in
|title=
, when a
|source=
parameter is not being added:
As noted in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015): {{blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe
ref
...
ref
}}
ਨੋਟ:
Please avoid this format, as it will pollute the author or title metadata with non-author or non-title information.
Please do not place the citation in a
|author=
or
|source=
parameter by itself, as it will produce a nonsensical attribution line that looks like this:
[1]
Please also do not put it just outside the
{{blockquote}}
template, as this will cause a:
[1]
on a line by itself.
If you do not provide text, the template generates a parser error message, which will appear in red text in the rendered page.
If any parameter's actual value contains an
equals sign
), you
must
use a named parameter (e.g.
|text="E=MC
" is a formula everyone knows but few understand
, not a blank-name positional parameter. The text before the equals sign gets misinterpreted as a named parameter otherwise. Be wary of URLs, which frequently contain this character. Named parameters are always safer, in this and other templates.
If any parameter's actual value contains characters used for wiki markup syntax (such as
pipe
brackets
, single quotation marks, etc.), you may need to escape it. See
{{
}}
and friends.
Next to right-floated boxes
ਸੋਧੋ
ਸਤੰਬਰ 2015 ਤੱਕ ,
[update]
the text of a block quotation may rarely overflow (in Firefox or other Gecko browsers) a right-floated item (e.g. a
{{
Listen
}}
box, when that item is below another right-floated item of a fixed size that is narrower. In Safari and other Webkit browsers (and even more rarely in Chrome/Chromium) the same condition can cause the block quotation to be pushed downward. Both of these problems can be fixed by either:
removing the sizing on the upper item and letting it use its default size (e.g. removing
###
###
px
sizing or
|upright=
from a right-floated image above a wider right-floated object that is being overflowed by quotation text; or
using
|style=
overflow
inherit
in the quotation template.
There may be other solutions, and future browser upgrades may eliminate the issue. It arises at all because of the
blockquote
overflow
hidden
;}
CSS declaration in
Mediawiki:Common.css
, which itself works around other, more common display problems. A solution that fixes
all
of the issues is unknown at this time.
In rare layout cases, e.g. when quotes are sandwiched between userboxes, a quotation may appear blanked out, in some browsers. The workaround for this problem is to add
|style=
overflow
inherit
to such an instance of the template.
This template sets a text style which might ignore one blank line, and so the template must be ended with a break (newline) or the next blank line might be ignored. Otherwise, beware inline, as:
text here
{{blockquote|this is quoted}}
More text here
spans a blank line, unless a
{{blockquote|...}}
is ended with a line break, then the next blank line might be ignored and two paragraphs joined.
ਫਰਮਾ:Blockquote paragraphs
The
blockquote
...
blockquote
element has styles that change the font size: on desktop, text is smaller; on mobile, it is larger. This change is relative to the enclosing context, meaning that if you quote from a source that itself uses a block quotation, you'll find that the inner quotation is either really tiny and hard to read, or really large and barely fits on the screen. To fix this issue, add the parameter
|style=
font-size
inherit
on any inner
{{blockquote}}
templates.
Technical issues with block templates
ਸੋਧੋ
If the block-formatted content begins with a list (or any other wikimarkup that is dependent upon a specific markup character being at the beginning of a line) then due to a bug in
MediaWiki
, a
nowiki
/>
and a new line must exist before the list (or whatever) starts. Compare:
code
result
FAIL
{{ Blockquote|1=
*Firstly, ...
*Secondly, ...
*Thirdly, ...
}}
*Firstly, ...
Secondly, ...
Thirdly, ...
Works as intended
{{ Blockquote|1=
*Firstly, ...
*Secondly, ...
*Thirdly, ...
}}
Firstly, ...
Secondly, ...
Thirdly, ...
To embed a table in block markup like this, the block template's content parameter must be named or numbered and include the self-closing noinclude – as in
|1=
– then every
character in the table markup must be escaped with
{{
}}
. An alternative is to use explicit HTML
table
tr
th
, and
td
markup.
Pages where this template is not used correctly populate
Category:Pages incorrectly using the Blockquote template
(1). The category tracks tranclusions that have no text given for the quotation or use an equals sign in the argument of an unnamed parameter. It also tracks usage of
|id=
|diff=
|4=
, or
|5=
Articles that use unsupported parameters are placed in
Category:Pages using Blockquote template with unknown parameters
(0).
ਫਰਮੇ ਦੇ ਮਾਪਦੰਡ
Edit template data
ਮਾਪਦੰਡ
ਵੇਰਵਾ
ਕਿਸਮ
ਦਰਜਾ
text
text
quote
The text to quote
ਮਿਸਾਲ
Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
ਲੋੜੀਂਦਾ ਏ
author
author
cite
sign
The writer of the source
ਮਿਸਾਲ
William Shakespeare
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
ਸੁਝਾਏ ਗਏ
title
title
The work being quoted from
ਮਿਸਾਲ
Julius Caesar
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
ਸੁਝਾਏ ਗਏ
source
source
A source for the quote
ਮਿਸਾਲ
act III, scene I
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
ਸੁਝਾਏ ਗਏ
character
character
The speaker within the work who is being quoted
ਮਿਸਾਲ
Mark Antony
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
ਚੋਣਵਾਂ
multiline
multiline
Keeps forced linebreaks in output
ਮਿਸਾਲ
true
ਸਤਰ
ਚੋਣਵਾਂ
style
style
Additional CSS styles (not classes) to apply
ਮਿਸਾਲ
font-size:inherit;
ਸਤਰ
ਚੋਣਵਾਂ
class
class
Additional HTML classes to apply
ਮਿਸਾਲ
pullquote
ਸਤਰ
ਚੋਣਵਾਂ
Template
Use / description
Block quotations
General purpose
{{
Blockquote
}}
Our standard block quotation template: unbordered page-wide quotation with optional smaller-sized attribution
{{
Text and translation
}}
Displays original language and translated text, one beside the other
{{
Poem
}}
{{
Blockquote
}} variant for use with poems, song lyrics, and other things that would otherwise require the use of
poem
tags or frequent formatting elements (such as
br
/>
); requires substitution
{{
Poem quote
}}
{{
Blockquote
}} variant for use with poems, song lyrics, and other things that would otherwise require the use of
poem
tags or frequent formatting elements (such as
br
/>
); does not require substitution
{{
Verse translation
}}
Displays
original language verse
(defaults to italics) and translated verse (roman) side-by-side
{{
Verse transliteration-translation
}}
Like {{
Verse translation
}}, but with a transliteration seperate from the original version
{{
Gbq
}}
{{
Blockquote
}} variant for use inside
glossaries
{{
Cquote
}}
"centered quote" – Page-wide quote, between large quotation marks
{{
Rquote
}}
"reduced quote" – Quote between large quotation marks in a reduced
floating
area
{{
Quote frame
}}
Page-wide bordered quote
{{
Quote box
}}
Quote floated in a reduced bordered box
{{
Tweet
}}
For quoting directly from tweets. Automatically generates
{{
Cite tweet
}}
citation, or a custom reference can be provided.
Talk page quoting
Not for use in articles nor the project space at all
{{
Talk quote inline
}}
(shortcut: {{
tq
}},
{{
tqq
}}, {{
tqi
}}, or {{
tqqi
}})
Inline quotation for use on talk pages
{{
Not talk quote inline
}}
(shortcut: {{
!tq
}},
{{
!tqq
}}, {{
!tqi
}}, or {{
!tqqi
}})
Inline quotation for what someone didn't say but could have, or perhaps, should have
{{
Talk quote block
}}
(shortcut: {{
tqb
}}, {{
tq2
}})
Block-style quotation for use on talk pages
{{
Talk quote block minimalist
}}
(shortcut: {{
tqbm
}})
Minimalist
version of above
Alternative
For indenting non-quotations
{{
Block indent
}}
To indent an entire block of content (uses
div
and CSS margins)
US