Canon Inc. - Wikipedia

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Canon (company)
Japanese multinational imaging corporation
Canon Inc.
Logo since 1956
Headquarters in
Ōta, Tokyo
Native name
キヤノン株式会社
Romanized
name
Kyanon kabushiki gaisha
Formerly
Precision Optical Industry Co. Ltd. (1933–1947)
Canon Camera Co., Inc (1947–1969)
Company type
Public
Traded as
TYO
7751
NYSE
CAJ
(until 2023)
TOPIX
Large 70 component
Nikkei 225
component
Industry
Electronics
Founded
10 August 1937
; 88 years ago
1937-08-10
(as Precision Optical Industry Co. Ltd. [
精機光學研究所
Seikikōgaku kenkyūsho
])
Tokyo
, Japan
Founder
Goro Yoshida
Saburo Uchida
Takeo Maeda
Headquarters
Shimomaruko
Ōta, Tokyo
Japan
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Fujio Mitarai
chairman
CEO
Products
list of products
SLR cameras
Still cameras
Photocopiers
Digital cameras
Camcorders
Printers
Scanners
Binoculars
Lenses
LCDs
Ophthalmic instruments
Magnetic heads
Micro motors
Other
office supplies
Revenue
¥4.03 trillion
US$30.31 billion
) (2022)
Operating income
¥353.4 billion
US$2.66 billion
) (2022)
Net income
¥352.4 billion
US$2.65 billion
) (2022)
Total assets
¥5.1 trillion
US$38.31 billion
) (2022)
Total equity
¥3.11 trillion
US$23.41 billion
) (2022)
Number of employees
184,034 (2021)
Divisions
Office Business Unit, Consumer Business Unit, Industry and Others Business Unit
Subsidiaries
Canon Production Printing
Canon Tokki
Canon Medical Systems Corporation
Axis Communications
Milestone Systems
Website
global.canon
Canon Inc.
Japanese
キヤノン株式会社
note 1
Hepburn
Kyanon
kabushiki gaisha
) is a Japanese
multinational corporation
headquartered in
Ōta
Tokyo
, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as
lenses
cameras
, police equipment,
scanners
printers
, and
semiconductor manufacturing equipment
Canon has a primary listing on the
Tokyo Stock Exchange
and is a constituent of the
TOPIX
Core 30 and
Nikkei 225
indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on the
New York Stock Exchange
Name
edit
The company was originally named
Seikikōgaku kenkyūsho
Japanese
精機光学研究所
lit.
Precision Optical Laboratory
). In 1934, it produced the
Kwanon
, a prototype for Japan's first-ever 35mm camera with a focal-plane-based shutter.
In 1947, the company name was changed to
Canon Camera Co., Inc.
shortened to
Canon Inc.
in 1969. The name Canon comes from Buddhist
bodhisattva
Kannon
Japanese
観音
lit.
Guanyin
), previously transliterated as Kuanyin, Kwannon, or Kwanon in English.
History
edit
1933–1970
edit
The origins of Canon date back to the founding of
Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory
in Japan in 1933
by
Takeshi Mitarai
Goro Yoshida
jp
Saburo Uchida
jp
and
Takeo Maeda
jp
. It became the company
Precision Optical Instruments, Co., Ltd.
in 1937.
During its early years, the company did not have any facilities to produce its own optical glass, and its first cameras incorporated
Nikkor
lenses from Nippon Kogaku K.K. (later, the
Nikon Corporation
).
Between 1933 and 1936, 'The Kwanon', a copy of the
Leica
design, Japan's first 35 mm focal-plane-shutter camera, was developed in prototype form.
In 1940, Canon developed Japan's first indirect X-ray camera. Canon introduced a field
zoom lens
for
television broadcasting
in 1958, and in 1959 introduced the Reflex Zoom 8 and the
Canonflex
In 1961, Canon introduced the Rangefinder camera,
Canon 7
, and 50mm 1:0.95 lens in a special bayonet mount. In 1964, Canon introduced the 'Canola 130', the first Japanese made 10-key
calculator
, a substantial improvement on the design of the British
Bell Punch
company, which introduced the first fully electronic calculator two years earlier with the Sumlock Anita Mark 8 unit. In 1965, Canon introduced the
Canon Pellix
, a
single lens reflex
(SLR) camera with a semi-transparent stationary mirror which enabled the taking of pictures through the mirror.
A logo from 1934 depicting
Bodhisattva
Kwan'on
Kwanon camera (replica) with the Kasyapa lens
Hansa Canon with the
Nikkor
50mm f/3.5 lens
Canon 7 with the Canon 50mm f/0.95 lens
Canon Canonet QL G-III 17
Canon Pellix
1970–2009
edit
Canon FTb, introduced in 1971
In 1971, Canon introduced the
Canon F-1
, a high-end SLR camera, and the
FD lens range
. In 1976, Canon launched the
Canon AE-1
, the world's first camera with an embedded micro-computer.
Canon introduced its
Inkjet printer
using bubble-jet technology in 1985, one year after Hewlett-Packard. In 1987, Canon introduced its
Canon Electro-Optical System
(EOS), named after the goddess of the dawn, along with the
Canon EOS 650
autofocus SLR camera. Also in 1987, the Canon Foundation was established. In 1988, Canon introduced 'Kyosei philosophy'.
The EOS 1 Flagship Professional SLR line was launched in 1989.
10
In the same year the EOS RT, the world's first AF SLR with a fixed, semi-transparent pellicle mirror, was unveiled.
In 1992, Canon launched the
Canon EOS 5
, the first-ever camera with eye-controlled AF, and the PowerShot 600, its first digital camera.
11
In 1995, Canon introduced the first commercially available SLR lens with internal image stabilization,
Canon EF 75-300mm lens
f/4–5.6 IS USM. The Canon EOS-RS was the world's fastest AF SLR camera with a continuous shooting speed of 10 frame/s at the time. Based on the EOS-1N, the EOS-1N RS had a fixed, semi-transparent pellicle mirror with a hard coat. In 1996, Canon introduced a pocket-sized digital camera with the
Advanced Photo System
, named ELPH in America and IXUS in Europe. Canon entered the digital video camcorder market in 1997.
12
In 2004, Canon introduced the XEED SX50 LCD projector.
13
Canon introduced its first high-definition
camcorder
in 2005.
14
In November 2009, Canon made a €730 million (US$1.1 billion) all-cash offer for the Dutch printer maker
Océ
15
Canon had acquired majority ownership of Océ by March 2010,
16
and completed the acquisition of 100% of shares in Océ by the end of 2011.
17
A Canon F1
A Canon AE-1
A Canon AV-1
A Canon EOS 650
An original Canon Digital IXUS
2010–2019
edit
In 2010, Canon acquired Tereck Office Solutions, Inc.
18
On 16 March 2010, Canon announced that it was seeking to acquire a new
.canon
generic top-level domain
, acquiring it in February 2015 and using it for the first time on its global website in May 2016.
19
20
In the third quarter of 2012, Canon's global market share for printers, copiers and multifunction devices was 20.90%.
21
In early 2013, Canon USA moved into a new US$500 million headquarters in
Melville, New York
22
23
In February 2014, Canon announced it would acquire
Texas
-based Molecular Imprints Inc., a developer of nanoprint lithography systems, for an amount speculated to be around US$98 million.
24
On 13 June 2014, Canon announced it had acquired Danish IP Surveillance VMS software company Milestone Systems. Milestone provides open-platform software to allow video management from various vendors in a single interface; therefore the company will operate as a separate entity.
25
On 10 February 2015, Canon announced that it had intentions to buy Swedish Security Camera maker
Axis Communications
for US$2.83 billion.
26
On 23 February 2015, Axis Communications reacted to this news and confirmed that it had received a purchase proposal from Canon. The purchase was effectively completed in April 2015.
27
On 24 April 2015, Canon Europe announced it had acquired the London-based family photo sharing startup Lifecake.
28
29
In November 2015, in an effort to avoid the selling of gray-market camera gear, Canon USA filed litigation against a number of camera gear retailers. Retailers include Get It Digital, All New Shop and F&E Trading.
30
In March 2016, Canon acquired
Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation
for US$5.9 billion.
31
On 28 March 2017, Canon Europe announced it had acquired the London-based printing startup Kite.
32
33
On 2 April 2019, Canon introduces two new UHDgc 2/3-inch Portable Zoom Lenses designed For 4K UHD Broadcast Cameras.
34
Since 2020
edit
In July 2020, Canon recorded its first ever quarterly loss due to the
COVID-19
pandemic.
35
In September 2020,
Fujitsu
announced that it would provide Canon with a
Fujitsu Supercomputer PRIMEHPC FX1000
unit, to assist with its no-prototype development manufacturing initiative.
36
In December 2020, Canon concluded its photographic-equipment print-ad series named "Wildlife as Canon Sees It". This series of ads began in 1981 in
National Geographic
magazine.
37
In October 2023, Canon introduced its new
nanoimprint lithography
manufacturing systems, which it claims are simpler and more affordable than
ASML
's
extreme ultraviolet lithography
systems. The system prints the desired circuit pattern onto the silicon wafer bypassing photolithography and can produce circuits equivalent to 5
nm
scale.
38
39
Products
edit
See also:
List of Canon products
Canon's products include
cameras
(including
compact digital camera
video camera
film SLR
and
digital SLR
),
camcorders
lenses
broadcasting
equipment and solutions (such as
free viewpoint
solution), professional displays,
projectors
, manufacturing equipment (including
photolithography
equipment such as
steppers
scanners
),
printers
photocopiers
image scanners
, digital
microfilm scanners
fax machines
binoculars
microscopes
, medical equipment (including diagnostic systems such as
ultrasound
X-ray
CT
and
MRI
scanners and
ophthalmic equipment
),
CCTV
solutions,
image sensors
calculators
, high precision positioning and measurement devices (such as
rotary encoders
), custom optical components,
handy terminals
mixed reality
systems, software, and
space satellites
40
41
Digital cameras
edit
Main articles:
Canon PowerShot
Canon PowerShot G
Canon Digital IXUS
Canon EOS
Canon EF lens mount
Canon EF-S lens mount
Canon EF-M lens mount
, and
Canon RF lens mount
Canon has been manufacturing and distributing digital cameras since 1984, starting with the RC-701. The RC series was followed by the PowerShot and Digital IXUS series of digital cameras. Canon also developed the EOS series of
digital single-lens reflex cameras
(DSLR) which includes high-end professional models.
Due to consumers switching from compact cameras to
smartphones
, Canon's Q1 2013 operating profit fell 34 percent year-on-year.
42
Canon EOS R5
Canon EOS-1D X Mark II
Canon PowerShot G15
Canon Ixus 240 HS
Canon EOS R7
Flash units
edit
Main article:
Canon EOS flash system
Canon produces a range of high-output flash units for its DSLR cameras, including the 270EX II, 320EX, 430EX II, 430EX III-RT, 470EX-AI, 580EX, 580EX II, 600EX-RT, 600EXII-RT, EL-1, and EL-5 Speedlites. Canon also produces macro flash units, including the Macro Twin Lite and the Macro Ring Lite.
Camcorders
edit
Main article:
List of Canon camcorders
CMOS image sensor
edit
Canon designs and manufactures
CMOS
image sensors in-house for its imaging products and it has three dedicated fabs in
Japan
. In 2016, Canon, the fifth-largest
image sensor
manufacturer in the world, decided to start selling the sensors to other companies.
43
However, it does not plan to sell
smartphone
image sensors to focus on the niche markets such as industrial and space observation.
Although Canon had withdrawn from the so-called '
pixel count
race' in the 2000s, it has been on the cutting edge as to the image sensor resolution in recent years. A demo of a 250MP image sensor was revealed in 2015
44
and reported to be launched in 2020. In 2018, Canon launched a 120MP image sensor as a part of its latest B2B offerings.
45
Printers
edit
For many years, Canon was the principal maker of the print engines found in industry-standard laser printers. The first models of
Apple LaserWriter
and the equivalent products made by HP used the Canon LBP-CX engine. The next models (LaserWriter II series, LaserJet II series) used the Canon LBP-SX engine. Later models used the Canon LBP-LX, LBP-EX, LBP-PX engines and many other Canon print engines.
Following Canon's acquisition of the Dutch digital printing manufacturer
Océ
in 2010, Canon continued to develop and manufacture printing systems, initially under the Océ brand name. On 1 January 2020 the company Océ was officially renamed
Canon Production Printing
46
Canon has been sued over intentionally designing all-in-one printers that cannot scan when the printer is low on ink.
47
Canon settled the lawsuit in 2023 without admitting guilt.
47
A Canon wide-format printer
A Canon large-format printer
Canon i-Sensys MF237w
Digital copiers
edit
Canon's largest division in terms of revenue is its multifunction copier division. Canon distributes its consumer and home office imageCLASS line though retail outlets and professional-grade imageRUNNER series through subsidiary Canon Solutions America and independent distributors. The professional-grade series ranges from small table tops to large digital presses.
Scanners
edit
Canon manufactures a wide range of
flatbed scanners
film scanners
and
document scanners
for home and business use, including the Canon CanoScan 8800F. Some of its scanners employ LED inDirect Exposure (LiDE) technology, such that USB port is sufficient to power the scanner, and no additional power is required.
Current printers use the proprietary BJNP protocol (USB over IP port 8611).
A Canon CanoScan 9950F scanner
A Canon CanoScan LiDE40
Calculators
edit
Canon produced a range of calculators in various applications, including handheld calculators, desktop calculators, printing calculators and scientific calculators. One model was the 1964 Canola 130. It had 13 digits, a result of marketing research. The reason for the odd number of figures was based on selling it to the Japanese central bank. Given the low value of the Japanese Yen, 13 digits was a requirement of the banks.
The calculator was built by germanium transistors and the display was a light pipe which gave an odd format.
48
Projectors
edit
Canon produces a range of projectors.
49
Presenters
edit
Canon offers a range of wireless presenters, from advanced green
laser
presenters with back-lit screen display to basic red laser presentation clickers.
Virtual reality headset
edit
Canon is developing a prototype
virtual reality
headset (Canon VR). The headset offers a wider viewing angle (120°) than other VR devices but requires handles rather than a head strap. The headset is not yet available on the market.
50
As of 2020, Canon produces and sells high-end AR (
augmented reality
) headsets for enterprise users.
51
Manufacturing equipment
edit
Canon is one of the world's top producers of semiconductor and display manufacturing equipment. Its subsidiary
Canon Tokki
dominates the market of material deposition equipment, and instruments for manufacturing
OLED
displays. Canon is also the leading manufacturer of display
photolithography
equipment and one of the top 3 in the semiconductor lithography machine market. Once a leader of semiconductor lithography along with
Nikon
, it has been dwarfed by
ASML
, and as of 2017 its share in the overall market was less than 5%.
citation needed
Discontinued products
edit
Computers
edit
Main article:
Canon Computer Systems
Canon introduced two
MSX home computer
models in 1983, the V-10 and the
V-20
. Both offered just the minimum range of the MSX standards without any additional features. The V-20 was able to receive shooting data from the T90 Canon camera with the Data Memory Back T90 expansion.
Canon also sold a Canon AS100 PC
52
for which you could get a color or monochrome display computer, shortly after the release of the
IBM PC
. It was based on the
Intel 8088
processor and used
CP/M
or
MS-DOS
. Options included an 8 MB hard drive.
53
Operations
edit
As of 2020,
[update]
Canon is organized into four principal business segments:
54
The Office Business Unit (the products of which include copying machines, digital production printers, large format inkjet printers, laser printers and multi-function devices)
The Imaging System Business Unit (the products of which include broadcasting equipment, calculators, compact digital cameras, digital SLR cameras, digital video camcorders, image scanners, interchangeable lenses, inkjet
multifunction printers
and single function inkjet printers)
The Medical System Business Unit (the products of which include a broad range of medical equipment, such as
ophthalmic equipment
CT
ultrasound scanners
, and
MRI
The Industry and Others Business Unit (the products of which include computers, handy terminals, magnetic heads, micromotors, flat panel display lithography equipment, semiconductor lithography equipment, and network cameras)
Canon Inc. has 383 subsidiaries as of 31 June 2017. The number includes second-generation subsidiaries, for example,
Canon IT Solutions Inc.
Canon's world headquarters is located at 30-2 Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ota-ku, Tokyo 146–8501, Japan. Canon has regional headquarters in
America
Europe
Middle East
Africa
Japan
Asia
and
Oceania
(including
Australia
New Zealand
). Canon Europe has two principal subsidiaries: Canon Europa NV (based in
Amstelveen, Netherlands
) and Canon Europe Ltd. (based in
Uxbridge, UK
).
On 26 December 2003, Canon Inc. announced restructuring plans for three domestic Canon Group companies. The restructuring involved the merger of two companies and the spinning off of one.
55
Canon generated total revenues of US$45,608 million in 2011, of which 53.9% was by the Office Business Unit, 36.9% by the Consumer Business Unit and 11.8% by the Industry and Others Business Unit.
56
note 2
In the same year, 31.3% of revenues were generated in Europe, 27.0% in the Americas, 22.2% in Asia and Oceania (excl. Japan) and 19.5% in Japan.
56
Canon invested a total of US$3,946 million in research and development in 2011, equivalent to 8.7% of sales.
56
In 2011, Canon was granted 2,813 patents in the United States, the third-highest number of any company (after
IBM
and
Samsung Electronics
).
56
Canon world headquarters in Tokyo
The Canon Marketing building in Makuhari, Japan
The Canon S Tower in Konan, Minato, Tokyo
Canonhuset in Frösunda, Sweden
Environmental record
edit
A report by the environmental organization Clean Air-Cool Planet puts Canon at the top of a list of 56 companies the survey conducted on climate-friendly companies.
57
AE-1 Film Camera. AE stood for Automatic Exposure.
Canon has also launched three new calculators in Europe, called "Green Calculators", which are produced in part from recycled Canon copiers.
58
The Canon Group has an environmental charter which looks at "offering products with a lower environmental burden through improvements in
resource efficiency
, while eliminating anti-social activities that threaten the health and safety of mankind and the environment".
59
In 2020, Canon joined
WIPO GREEN
as an official partner in an effort to address climate change.
60
Spreading global warming skepticism
edit
While Canon's head office is committed to preventing
global warming
, its subsidiary,
The Canon Institute for Global Studies
(CIGS), has appointed anthropogenic
global warming skeptic
Taishi Sugiyama
as its research director, and has been disseminating anthropogenic global warming skepticism and anti-renewable energy theories.
61
When contacted by
The Guardian
, Canon responded that the Canon Institute for Global Studies is not a business of the company and that it is not in a position to comment on the institute's activities or research.
62
However, CIGS was established in 2017 to commemorate the 70th anniversary of Canon Inc. and its chairman is Canon's CEO. This has been protested by the corporate watchdog group Action Speaks Louder and photographers in a “Cameras Don't Lie” contest.
63
Charitable activities
edit
In 2008, Canon donated financial support to help the estimated 5 million people displaced by the earthquake that hit China's Sichuan province in May 2008.
64
RMB 1 million was donated to the Red Cross Society of China shortly after the earthquake. Canon Inc., Japan, soon followed with a donation of RMB 10 million.
64
Sponsorships
edit
Canon sponsored
Williams FW14
In 1983, Canon came as the first title sponsors of the English football league
The Football League
, which was named The Canon League from 1983 to 1986, when the sponsorship was taken over by the
Today
newspaper. Canon also sponsored Italian football club
Hellas Verona FC
between 1982 and 1986
65
including during the
1984–85 Serie A
which they won.
From 1985 to 2002 Canon was title sponsor of the Greater Hartford Open, now
Travelers Championship
66
In
Formula One
, Canon sponsored
Williams
between 1985 and 1993, while they won World Drivers Championships for
Nelson Piquet
(1987),
Nigel Mansell
(1992) and
Alain Prost
(1993) and Four World Constructors Championships (1986, 1987, 1992, 1993). In the
2009 Singapore Grand Prix
, Canon sponsored
Brawn GP
67
Between 1992 and 1997 it also sponsored the
South Sydney Rabbitohs
68
Since 2006, Canon has been helping the Red Cross provide support to 13 Red Cross National Societies across Europe, with focus on youth projects. Support from Canon includes financial contributions and donations of imaging equipment, including cameras, copying machines and digital radiography devices, as well as volunteer activities.
69
70
Canon Europe has been a partner of
World Press Photo
for 16 years. World Press Photo promotes the professional standards in photography; organises the largest international contest for professional photojournalists; and acts as a worldwide platform for press photography.
71
Canon Asia sponsored many competitions such as Canon Photomarathon and reality TV show
Photo Face-Off
. The latter is a reality TV show in which professional photographer
Justin Mott
is the judge and competes against amateur photographers. Mott started filming season 3 in April 2016 and that season aired at the end of that same year.
72
Buildings of Canon
See also
edit
Tokyo portal
Companies portal
Canon Open
Nikon
Notes
edit
In Japanese, the name is written
Kiyanon
キヤノン
) for visual balance, though it’s pronounced
Kyanon
キャノン
IPA:
[kʲaꜜnoɴ]
).
Percentages do not add up to 100% due to eliminations used in consolidated accounting.
References
edit
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(PDF)
. Canon
. Retrieved
15 October
2023
社会データ
. Canon.
Archived
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. Retrieved
1 October
2022
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. Archived from
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13 October
2025
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. Canon.
Archived
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. Retrieved
9 March
2021
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18 December
2014
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Techcrunch
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Archived
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" 23 November 2015 15 December 2015
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7 May
2017
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Archived
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7 May
2017
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2025
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2025
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