Christopher S. Yoo • Faculty • Penn Carey Law

Christopher S. Yoo • Faculty • Penn Carey Law
Faculty
Christopher S. Yoo
Phone
2157468772
Email
csyoo@law.upenn.edu
Fax
2155732025
Office
GK-230
JD
Northwestern
1995
MBA
UCLA
1991
AB
Harvard
1986
Antitrust
Intellectual Property and Technology Law
Internet Law| Privacy| Antitrust| Introduction to Intellectual Property| Telecommunications Law| Copyright Theory| Technology and Policy| Artificial Intelligence and the Law
Yoo resume 2023-05-25.pdf
(PDF)
Papers on SSRN
Christopher S. Yoo
Imasogie Professor in Law and Technology; Professor of Communication; Professor of Computer and Information Science; Founding Director, Center for Technology, Innovation & Competition; Co-Director, Penn Center on Media, Technology & Democracy
Christopher Yoo has emerged as one of the world’s leading authorities on law and technology. One of the most cited scholars in administrative and regulatory law as well as intellectual property, he has authored five books and over 100 scholarly works.
His major research projects include investigating innovative ways to connect more people to the Internet; comparing antitrust law in China, Europe, and the U.S.; analyzing the technical determinants of optimal interoperability; promoting privacy and security for autonomous vehicles, medical devices, and the Internet’s routing architecture; and studying the regulation of Internet platforms. He has also created innovative joint degree programs designed to produce a new generation of professionals with advanced training in both law and engineering.
He is frequently called to testify before the U.S. Congress, Federal Communications Commission, Federal Trade Commission, Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice, foreign governments, and international organizations. He recently served as a member of the Federal Communication Commission’s Broadband Deployment Advisory Committee, the Board of Advisors for the American Law Institute’s Project on Principles of Law for Data Privacy and the Restatement of Principles for a Data Economy, and as co-convener of the United Nations Internet Governance Forum’s Initiative on Connecting and Enabling the Next Billions.
Before entering academia, he served as a law clerk to Justice Anthony M. Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States and the Honorable A. Raymond Randolph L’69 of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.
Featured Research
More Publications
The Dynamic Internet: How Technology, Users, and Businesses Are Transforming the Network (AEI Press 2012)
Networks in Telecommunications: Economics and Law (Cambridge University Press 2009) (with Daniel F. Spulber)
The First Amendment, Common Carriers, and Public Accommodations: Net Neutrality, Digital Platforms, and Privacy
, J. Free Speech L
463 (2021)
The Post-Chicago Antitrust Revolution: A Retrospective,
168 U. Pa. L. Rev. 2145 (2020)
Beyond Network Neutrality,
19Harv. J.L. & Tech. 1 (2005)
Copyright and Product Differentiation
, 79 N.Y.U. L. Rev. 212 (2004)
In the News
View All
Opinion: Christopher Yoo on balancing AI regulation and innovation in Australia
April 8, 2026
2026 Antitrust Writing Award
April 7, 2026
Tracing the Evolving Law and Business of TV
April 7, 2026
Christopher Yoo Analyzes TV’s Shifting Legal Landscape Over 100 Years
April 2, 2026
Publications
Articles
Articles
Braess’s Paradox in Wireless Broadband?: Toward a Principled Basis for Allocating Licensed and Unlicensed Spectrum
(Co-authored),
Working Paper
A Fresh Look at the Social Impact of Privacy:  Economic Lessons from the Right to Be Forgotten
George Mason Law Review
(forthcoming)
Response to Questions in the First White Paper, 'Modernizing the Communications Act'
(Co-authored),
Working Paper
Standards-Based Governance for AI: Promises and Limitations,
Berkeley Technology Law Journal
(forthcoming)
Internet Connectivity Among Indigenous and Tribal Communities in North America - A Focus on Social and Educational Outcomes
(Co-authored),
Working Paper
Public Good Economics and Standard Essential Patents
Working Paper
What Is the Relationship Between Language and Thought?: Linguistic Relativity and Its Implications for Copyright
Working Paper
Estimating the impact of Value Added Tax exemptions on smartphone penetration in Colombia using the synthetic control method
(Co-authored),
Working Paper
The Social Impact of Privacy: Economic Lessons from the Right to Be Forgotten,
Tulane Law Review
(forthcoming)
Taking Standards Seriously: The Case for a Private Standards-Based Approach to AI Governance (Co-authored),
Berkeley Technology Law Journal
(2026)
Efficiency and effectiveness of net neutrality rules in the mobile sector: Relevant developments and state of the empirical literature
(Co-authored),
Telecommunications Policy
(2026)
Big Data and Competition Law: Lessons from Innovation Markets
(Co-authored),
Antitrust Law Journal
(2025)
Avoiding the Oversimplification of Network Effects
CPI Antitrust Chronicle
(2025)
Ecosystems in Competition Law: A U.S. Perspective
Network Law Review
(2025)
Identifying Fourth Amendment Values: An Evidence-Based Approach
(Co-authored),
Wake Forest Law Review
(2025)
U.S. Artificial Intelligence Regulation During the Biden Administration
(Co-authored),
Journal of Law & Economic Regulation
(2024)
Beyond Algorithmic Disclosure For AI
Columbia Science and Technology Law Review [online]
(2024)
Not the Same Old Broken Record?: Why Judicial Review of the 2024 Net Neutrality Rules Could Be Different
TechREG Chronicle
(2024)
Antitrust at a Crossroads: The Challenge of Digital Platforms
(Co-authored),
Journal of Law & Innovation
(2024)
What's In a Name?: Common Carriage, Social Media, and the First Amendment
Northwestern University Law Review Online
(2024)
Generative AI’s Potential Impact on Online Competition
Network Law Review
(2024)
Crouching Tiger, Hidden Agenda?: The Emergence of China in the Global Internet Standard-Setting Arena
(Co-authored),
Federal Communication Law Journal
(2024)
Lessons from GDPR for AI Policymaking
(Co-authored),
Virginia Journal of Law & Technology
(2024)
The Emerging Commercial Space Age: Legal and Policy Implications
(Co-authored),
Journal of Law & Innovation
(2023)
Network Slicing and Net Neutrality
Telecommunications Policy
(2023)
Best Practices for Trying a Section 2 Case
(Co-authored),
Antitrust Magazine
(2023)
Community networks as models to address connectivity gaps in underserved communities
(Co-authored),
Information Development
(2023)
Optimizing Cybersecurity Risk in Medical Cyber-Physical Devices
(Co-authored),
William & Mary Law Review
(2023)
The Political Dynamics of Legislative Reform: What Will Catalyze the Next Telecommunications Act of 1996?
(Co-authored),
Berkeley Technology Law Journal
(2022)
Municipal Fiber in the United States: A Financial Assessment
(Co-authored),
Telecommunications Policy
(2022)
Are Digital Platforms Public Utilities?: Lessons from the Concept’s Historical Foundations in U.S. Law
(Co-authored),
Journal of Law & Economic Regulation
(2022)
Conway’s Law, the Mirroring Hypothesis, and the Importance of Technological Considerations in Antitrust Divestitures
CPI Antitrust Chronicle
(2021)
Due Process in Antitrust Enforcement: Normative and Comparative Perspectives
(Co-authored),
Southern California Law Review
(2021)
Privacy vs. Transparency: Handling Protected Materials in Agency Rulemaking
(Co-authored),
Indiana Law Journal
(2021)
The First Amendment, Common Carriers, and Public Accommodations: Net Neutrality, Digital Platforms, and Privacy
Journal of Free Speech Law
(2021)
Privacy in the Age of Contact Tracing: An Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps in Different Statutory and Disease Frameworks
(Co-authored),
Journal of Law & Innovation
(2021)
The Post-Chicago Antitrust Revolution: A Retrospective
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2020)
Regulation of Algorithmic Tools in the United States
(Co-authored),
Journal of Law & Economic Regulation
(2020)
Due Process in International Antitrust Enforcement: An Idea Whose Time Has Come
CPI Antitrust Chronicle
(2019)
Rethinking Copyright and Personhood
University of Illinois Law Review
(2019)
James Wilson as the Architect of the American Presidency
Georgetown Journal of Law & Public Policy
(2019)
“Everything Not Forbidden Is Permitted”: A U.S. Perspective on Regulation and Innovation
Journal of Law & Economic Regulation
(2019)
Hipster Antitrust: New Bottles, Same Old W(h)ine?
CPI Antitrust Chronicle
(2018)
Common Carriage’s Domain
Yale Journal on Regulation
(2018)
Paul Baran, Network Theory, and the Past, Present, and Future of Internet
Colorado Technology Law Journal
(2018)
An Unsung Success Story: A Forty-Year Retrospective on U.S. Communications Policy
Telecommunications Policy
(2017)
Avoiding the Pitfalls of Net Uniformity: Zero Rating and Nondiscrimination
Review of Industrial Organization
(2017)
Open Source, Modular Platforms, and the Challenge of Fragmentation
Criterion Journal on Innovation
(2016)
Presidential Signing Statements: A New Perspective
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2016)
Introduction: The Bounds of Executive Discretion in the Regulatory State
(Co-authored),
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2016)
Modularity Theory and Internet Regulation
University of Illinois Law Review
(2016)
Wireless Network Neutrality: Technological Challenges and Policy Implications
Berkeley Technology Law Journal
(2016)
Telecommunications: Competition Policy in the Telecommunications Space
(Co-authored),
Mississippi Law Journal
(2016)
A Market-Oriented Analysis of the "Terminating Access Monopoly" Concept
(Co-authored),
Colorado Technology Law Journal
(2015)
Moore’s Law, Metcalfe’s Law, and the Theory of Optimal Interoperability
Colorado Technology Law Journal
(2015)
Wickard for the Internet? Network Neutrality After Verizon v. FCC
Federal Communications Law Journal
(2014)
Possible Paradigm Shifts in Broadband Policy
Journal of Law & Policy
(2014)
Merger Review by the Federal Communications Commission: Comcast-NBC Universal
Review of Industrial Organization
(2014)
Book Review: Technological Determinism and Its Discontents: A critique of interventionist approaches to telecommunications regulation
Harvard Law Review
(2014)
A brief overview of the NEBULA future internet architecture
(Co-authored),
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
(2014)
Toward a Closer Integration of Law and Computer Science
Communications of the ACM
(2014)
Is There a Role for Common Carriage in an Internet-Based World?
Houston Law Review
(2013)
Protocol Layering and Internet Policy
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2013)
The Wires Go to War: The U.S. Experiment with Government Ownership of the Telephone System During World War I
(Co-authored),
Texas Law Review
(2013)
When Antitrust Met Facebook
George Mason Law Review
(2012)
Beyond Coase: Emerging Technologies and Property Theory
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2012)
Introduction to Special Theme Issue
Communications & Convergence Review
(2011)
Cloud Computing: Architectural and Policy Implications
Review of Industrial Organization
(2011)
Network Neutrality: Interdisciplinary and Global Perspectives
Communications & Convergence Review
(2011)
Promoting the Buildout of New Networks vs. Compelling Access to the Monopoly Loop: A Clash of Regulatory Paradigms
Journal of Law & Economic Regulation
(2011)
Rough Consensus and Running Code: Integrating Engineering Principles into Internet Policy Debates
Federal Communications Law Journal
(2011)
Technologies of Control and the Future of the First Amendment
William & Mary Law Review
(2011)
Deregulation vs. Reregulation of Telecommunications: A Clash of Regulatory Paradigms
Journal of Corporation Law
(2011)
Are Those Who Ignore History Doomed to Repeat It?
(Co-authored),
University of Chicago Law Review
(2011)
Is the Internet a Maturing Market? If So, What Does That Imply?
Communications of the ACM
(2010)
Network Neutrality or Internet Innovation?
Regulation
(2010)
Product Life Cycle Theory and the Maturation of the Internet
Northwestern University Law Review
(2010)
Free Speech and the Myth of the Internet as an Unintermediated Experience
George Washington Law Review
(2010)
Innovations in the Internet’s Architecture that Challenge the Status Quo
Journal on Telecommunications & High Technology Law
(2010)
Foreword: Presidential Power in Historical Perspective: Reflections' on Calabresi and Yoo's The Unitary Executive
University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law
(2010)
The Changing Patterns of Internet Usage
Federal Communications Law Journal
(2010)
The Convergence of Broadcasting and Telephony: Legal and Regulatory Implications
Communications & Convergence Review
(2009)
Nonrivalry and Price Discrimination in Copyright Economics
(Co-authored),
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2009)
Toward a Unified Theory of Access to Local Telephone Systems
(Co-authored),
Federal Communications Law Journal
(2008)
The Enduring Lessons of the Breakup of AT&T: A Twenty-Five Year Retrospective
Federal Communications Law Journal
(2008)
Network Neutrality, Consumers, and Innovation
University of Chicago Legal Forum
(2008)
Rethinking Broadband Internet Access
(Co-authored),
Harvard Journal of Law & Technology
(2008)
Mandating Access to Telecom and the Internet: The Hidden Side of Trinko
(Co-authored),
Columbia Law Review
(2007)
What Can Antitrust Contribute to the Network Neutrality Debate?
International Journal of Communication
(2007)
Is Open Source Software the New Lex Mercatoria?
(Co-authored),
Virginia Journal of International Law
(2007)
Keeping the Internet Neutral?: Tim Wu and Christopher Yoo Debate
(Co-authored),
Federal Communications Law Journal
(2007)
Copyright and Public Good Economics: A Misunderstood Relation
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
(2007)
Network Neutrality and the Economics of Congestion
Georgetown Law Journal
(2006)
Network Regulation: The Many Faces of Access
(Co-authored),
Journal of Comparative Law & Economics
(2005)
Beyond Network Neutrality
Harvard Journal of Law & Technology
(2005)
On the Regulation of Networks as Complex Systems: A Graph Theory Approach
(Co-authored),
Northwestern University Law Review
(2005)
Architectural Censorship and the FCC
Southern California Law Review
(2005)
The Unitary Executive in the Modern Era, 1945–2004
(Co-authored),
Iowa Law Review
(2005)
The Unitary Executive During the Third Half-Century, 1889-1945
(Co-authored),
Notre Dame Law Review
(2004)
Copyright and Product Differentiation
New York University Law Review
(2004)
The Role of Politics and Policy in Television Regulation
Emory Law Journal
(2004)
Would Mandating Network Neutrality Help or Hurt Broadband Competition?: A Comment on the End-to-End Debate
Journal on Telecommunications & High Technology Law
(2004)
Rethinking the Commitment to Free, Local Television
Emory Law Journal
(2003)
The Unitary Executive During the Second Half-Century
(Co-authored),
Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy
(2003)
The Rise and Demise of the Technology-Specific Approach to the First Amendment
Georgetown Law Journal
(2003)
Access to Networks: Economic and Constitutional Connections
(Co-authored),
Cornell Law Review
(2003)
New Models of Regulation and Interagency Governance
Michigan State-DCL Law Review
(2003)
Vertical Integration and Media Regulation in the New Economy
Yale Journal on Regulation
(2002)
Copyright and Democracy: A Cautionary Note
Vanderbilt Law Review
(2000)
The Unitary Executive During the First Half-Century
(Co-authored),
Case Western Reserve Law Review
(1997)
The Constitutionality of Enjoining Criminal Street Gangs as Public Nuisances
Northwestern University Law Review
(1994)
Show 12 more...
View all 111
Books
Books
Ex Ante Antitrust Regulation of Digital Platforms: Lessons from the History of Regulated Industries (Co-authored), Cambridge University Press (forthcoming)
Advanced Introduction to Internet Governance and Regulation
(Co-authored), Edward Elgar Publishing (2025)
The Dynamic Internet: How Technology, Users, and Businesses Are Transforming the Network
, AEI Press (2012)
Networks in Telecommunications: Economics and Law
(Co-authored), Cambridge University Press (2009)
The Unitary Executive: Presidential Power Washington to Bush
(Co-authored), Yale University Press (2008)
Chapters
Chapters
Net Neutrality, Network Slicing, and the Deployment of 5G and 6G
(Co-authored) in
Europe's Future Connected: Policies and Challenges for 5G and 6G Networks
(2022)
Network Effects
in
Global Dictionary of Competition Law
(2022)
Herbert Hovenkamp as Antitrust Oracle: Appreciating the Overlooked Contributions of the New Harvard School
in
Herbert Hovenkamp: The Dean of American Antitrust Law: Liber Amicorum
(2021)
Self-Actualization and the Need to Create as a Limit on Copyright
in
The Cambridge Handbook of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions
(2021)
Free or Fee?: The Economics of Advertising Support vs. Direct Payments for Media Content
in
Media Markets and Competition Law
(2019)
Intellectual Property and the Economics of Product Differentiation
in
Research Handbook on the Economics of Intellectual Property Law
(2019)
5G and Net Neutrality
(Co-authored) in
The Future of the Internet - Innovation, Integration and Sustainability
(2019)
The Emerging Internet of Things
in
Governing Cyberspace During a Crisis in Trust
(2019)
Procedural Fairness in Antitrust Enforcement: The U.S. Perspective
(Co-authored) in
Antitrust Procedural Fairness
(2019)
Legal Mechanisms for Governing the Transition of Key Domain Name Functions to the Global Multi-Stakeholder Community
(Co-authored) in
Who Runs the Internet?: The Global Multi-Stakeholder Model of Internet Governance
(2017)
When Are Two Networks Better than One?: Toward a Theory of Optimal Fragmentation
in
A Universal Internet in a Bordered World: Research on Fragmentation, Openness and Interoperability
(2016)
Cloud Computing, Contractibility, and Network Architecture
in
Regulating the Cloud: Policy for Computing Infrastructure
(2015)
Antitrust, the Internet, and the Economics of Networks
(Co-authored) in
The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics
(2015)
New technologies and constitutional law
(Co-authored) in
Routledge Handbook of Constitutional Law
(2015)
Cyber Espionage or Cyber War?: International Law, Domestic Law, and Self-Protective Measures
in
Cyberwar: Law and Ethics for Virtual Conflicts
(2015)
Telecommunications and the Internet: TTIP’s Digital Dimension
(Co-authored) in
Rule-makers or rule-takers? : exploring the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
(2015)
The Impact of Codification on the Judicial Development of Copyright
in
Intellectual Property and the Common Law
(2013)
The NEBULA Future Internet Architecture
(Co-authored) in
The future internet : Future Internet Assembly 2013 : validated results and new horizons
(2013)
Internet Policy Going Forward: Does One Size Still Fit All?
in
Communications Law and Policy in the Digital Age: The Next Five Years
(2012)
Network Neutrality and the Need for a Technological Turn in Internet Scholarship
in
Routledge handbook of media law
(2012)
Introduction
in
Critical Concepts in Intellectual Property Law: Copyright
(2011)
Network Neutrality after Comcast: Toward a Case-by-Case Approach to Reasonable Network Management
in
New Directions in Communications Policy
(2009)
Network Neutrality and Competition Policy: A Complex Relationship
in
Net Neutrality or Net Neutering: Should Broadband Internet Services be Regulated
(2006)
Towards a Differentiated Products Theory of Copyright
in
Developments in the Economics of Copyright
(2005)
The Unfulfilled Promise of Korean Telecommunications Reform
in
Legal Reform in Korea
(2004)
Show 12 more...
View all 25
Other
Other
Panel,
AI Market Forces – A New Gap in Tech Access?
, Silicon Flatirons (2026)
Online Article,
Taking Standards Seriously: The Case for a Private Standards-Based Approach to AI Governance
, Wharton Accountable AI Forum (2026)
Panel,
Current and Emerging Issues in Technology, Intellectual Property, and Entertainment & Media Law
, CTIC (2025)
Brief,
Brief for Honorable Edwin Meese III, et al. as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioners, Trump v. Slaughter, No, 25-332 (U.S. 2025)
, Supreme Court of the United States (2025)
Panel,
Current Developments in Antitrust Policy
, Technology Policy Institute (2025)
Report,
The Impact of the Giga Initiative on Education Outcomes in Rwanda
, International Center for Law and Economics (2025)
Panel,
Who Owns the Rights in Co-Generated AI Content? What About Data Protection?
, European Law Institute (2025)
Panel,
D1 Panel Ecosystems
, Dynamic Competitition Initiative (2025)
Panel,
Federal Deregulation and State Roles vis-à-vis Telecom Networks
, Silicon Flatirons (2025)
Podcast,
Trump Sentencing, Net Neutrality & DEI
, Bloomberg Law (2025)
Panel,
Ex-ante Regulation in Digital Markets
, Associação Lawgorithm (2024)
Panel,
DoGA: The Data Panel
, Plamadiso (2024)
Video,
Law & Technology at Penn
, Penn Carey Law (2024)
Lecture,
Emerging Trends in Antitrust
, The Esya Centre (2024)
Panel,
Antitrust Case Studies: Google
, Stigler Center (2024)
Brief,
Conceptual Frameworks to Guide When to Replace Competition Law with Rules
, Mercatus Center (2024)
Panel,
Content Moderation and the Constitution: The Supreme Court's Social Media Cases
, CTIC (2024)
Video,
Fireside Chat with Christopher Yoo: Frontiers of Space Policy
, Technology Policy Institute (2024)
Panel,
Global Fractures in Tech Policy | Competition Policy, Networks, & LLMs
, Silicon Flatirons (2024)
Vlog,
The Right to Be Forgotten
, Center for Law & Economics (2024)
Report,
Social Media and Adolescent Health
, NASEM (2024)
Panel,
Reframing Intellectual Property Law in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (Part 1)
, HKU Programme on AI and the Law (2023)
Brief,
Amicus Brief for the U.S. Supreme Court NetChoice Cases
, Supreme Court of the United States (2023)
Panel,
Best Practices for Trying a Section 2 Case
, Antitrust Magazine (2023)
Op-Ed, The internet is in the Supreme Court's hands, Los Angeles Times (2022)
Report,
Strategies Towards Universal Smartphone Access: Report of the Broadband Commission Working Group on Smartphone Access
, Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development (2022)
Op-Ed,
When Big Wasn't Bad: Lessons from Congress's Decisions Not to Enact Antitrust Reform
, The Hill (2022)
Report,
Network Effects in Action
, Global Antitrust Institute (2020)
Online Article,
The Emerging Internet of Things
, Centre for International Governance Innovation (2019)
Report,
Lowering Legal Barriers to RPKI Adoption
, CTIC (2018)
Report,
U.S. vs. European Broadband Deployment: What Do the Data Say?
, The Free State Foundation (2014)
Show 12 more...
View all 31
Related Links
Center for Technology, Innovation & Competition