Creative Commons for Googlers
Creative Commons for Googlers
Mike Linksvayer
ml@creativecommons.org
This presenation is licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution 2.5 license
A recording of this presentation is available at Google Video
B to Y; A to Z; G
Blogger to YouTube
Analytics to Zeitgeist
Meta, A-Z doesn't work for this presentation unless I'm missing some Google products!
Google
Overly restrictive copyright potentially impacts every Google business.
Creative Commons is part of solution. Wanna work together?
Purpose of this talk
Stimulate thought and innovation ... feedback ... implemenations
Inspiration would be a happy coincidence, because ...
The Inspirer
Get Creative
Wanna Work Together?
The new CC cartoon, first seen here!
Thinking about CC
In terms of...
Reasonable, flexible copyright
Lowering transaction costs
Free speech
Cultural environmentalism
In relation to Free, Libre and Open Source
Software
For this audience
Creative Commons & FLOSS
Media 20 years behind software?
Code & media licenses
2011
2016
Reuse: Code vs. Content
Obvious pragmatic case for code reuse
But only applicable in very specific cases
NIH not a bad thing in art
But
any
art can conceivably be mixed with any other art
So content license interoperability is important as is code license interoperability
Interoperability
Code and media
No idea. Daydream.
Media licenses
CC BY-SA and FDL
Lessig and Moglen at Wikimania
Across jurisdictions
This one is for real
~ Legal stuff
Podcasting Legal Guide
What does NonCommercial mean?
Critiques and controversies
Cases
Curry v. Audax
SGAE v. Fernandez
Version 3.0 CC licenses
Very cool stuff
Per Glenn's request:
Pat Chilla on lonelygirl15
According to Glenn's taste:
NYC concert with Diplo, Girl Talk, Peeping Tom
According to my taste:
Bob Ostertag
Yours?
Discovery, from collaborative filtering to conversation, is super important
More cool stuff
Second Life concert with Popular Science and Jonathan Coulton
GiftTrap board game
Greg Palast audiobook remix contest with Alternative Tentacles
Remix with indie labels like Saddle Creek and Ghostly International
Gardner Museum in Boston started releasing its classical
music concert performances as CC-licensed podcasts
Cafuné released simultaneously in theaters and online under CC
Revision 3
CC Salons in SF, NYC,
Berlin, Beijing, Toronto, Warsaw, Johannesburg, and Seoul
& much more!
December 2002
Someone will build a CC search engine!
CC-enabled Web Search
Early 2004: Postgresql/tsearch2/Python prototype
Late 2004: CC-Nutch
Early 2005: Yahoo! Search for CC
Late 2005: Google
CC Search Now
Metadata
RDF/XML-in-HTML-comments
Copy/paste requirement
Semantic Web seemed the way to go
RDF/XML-in-HTML-comments
Ugly, ugly, ugly
Hidden to humans
Hidden to XML parsers
RDF/XML is confusing
Easy to mess up (e.g., escaped by an overly-helpful CMS)
More verbose than needed
Microformats
rel="license" since 2004
Colocated with human visible markup
Concise
Problems:
Page level; what about audio, images, video, etc?
Scalability and interoperability of microformat
rel="license" microformat
Example:
This work is licensed under Creative Commons
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/">Attribution
Indicates we're not just linking to the license because it's a cool link.
See
Wanted: Metadata solution
...for any page, fragment, link, embedded object
Colocated with human visible markup
Publisher and consumer friendly
Flexible, interoperable
RDFa
RDF
stands for attributes
The mythical RDF-in-HTML is finally here
Problems:
Developed for XHTML2, which nobody uses, perhaps ever
Uses
about
and
property
attributes, invalid in XHTML1
Some people hate RDF
Solutions:
XHTML1.2
Many of them actually hate RDF/XML; RDFa is friendly
See
RDFa example
This work is licensed under Creative Commons
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/">Attribution
Hmmm, looks like the rel="license" microformat example.
Produces one triple:
<> license
Which says the current document is licennsed under CC BY 2.5.
Bigger RDFa example
href="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage"
>Foo
Captured by
href="http://bobhome.example.org">Bob
is licensed under Creative Commons
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/">Attribution
Produces triples:
dc:type
dc:title "Foo Captured" ;
cc:attributionURL
cc:attributionName "Bob" ;
license
Which says http://example.org/foo.jpg document is an image titled "Foo Captured" licensed under CC BY 2.5 and must be attributed to "Bob" with a link to http://bobhome.example.org.
Super-duper short explanation of RDF
Subject: always a URI
Predicate (verb): always a URI
Object: URI or literal (text)
One can say lots of things with these primitives.
And do things with what is said.
Super short explanation of RDFa
Subject denoted by
about
attribute (defaults to current document).
Predicate denoted by
rel
(or
rev
) if the object is a URI.
Predicate denoted by
property
if the object is a literal.
Ben's case for RDFa
Publisher independence
Data reuse
Self-containment
Schema modularity
Schema evolvability
... elegant degradation
See "Bulding Interoperable Metadata" at
Fun SemWeb Analogy
Java Applets : Java-as-COBOL :: SemWeb vision, 2001 : SemWeb technologies integrating heterogenous enterprise data
Microformats are worse?
The "s" in microformats
Not decentralized
No deep tools or resarch
As in
Worse is Better
Potential media-info microformat
Describe any audio, video, image, fragment, etc.
Microformats principles/process
Does not exist yet, see
Imaginary media-info microformat example
src="http://example.org/foo.jpg">
creator
vcard"
>Bob
US
Creative Commons for Googlers
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/">CC BY
Purple is a fib, does not exist, even as a brainstorm! An eventual media-info microformat may look nothing like this.
lowercase and officious SW interoperability
Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages
CC wants implementation
Image, audio, video, etc. search, CC-enabled
Built into CMS and other content publishing and creation software
Google has chickens and eggs
Wanted:
Feedback
Contributions
Just do it
Embedded metadata
It sucks
Crappy standards
No UI
Mostly unused
No reason to trust
Non-crappy standard: XMP
Extensible
Can work with nearly any format (PDF, JPEG, Flash, various audio, video and other media)
From Adobe
Becoming standard in Digital Asset Management systems
Microsoft implementation in Vista applications
See
Embedded trust
Embedded license is meaningless by itself
Needs reference to a web page with license information for the media at hand
Information on the web can be removed, so is at least a little tiny bit trustworthy
A person or software can choose to ignore untrusted sites
See
CC and embedded metadata
If it sucks, why do we care?
Fraudulent use could harm brand
Objects not always shared via orignal URL with metadata
P2P filesharing
Beam from wireless device
CD/DVD RW
IM file transfer
Memory stick
Hard drive
...
It's just easier for some software to assume the metadata comes with the object
Chicken & egg
Beyond
... mere license metadata
Attribution
Links are gold
CC's biggest missed opportunity so far?
Commerce and nearby
Where can I buy?
Get a commercial license?
Make a donation?
Get provenance info?
Examples cataloged at http://mircoformats.org/wiki/licensing-examples
Want to
Encoruage decntralized (aggregator/search engine-friendly) commerce, complementary to decentralized public licensing
Commercial success stories involving CC licenses reflect well on CC
Magnatune
Jamendo
Derivatives
"Who remixed me?" as the new "who linked to me?"
link:http://...
source:http://...
ccMixter / ccHost
Steal these concepts!
Syndication
Can annotate RSS 1.0, RSS 2.0, Atom 1.0 with CC licenses.
Just do it
Blog Search
Images
Video
Web Search
Blogger
Docs & Spreadsheets
Picasa
SketchUp
...
FLOSS code wanted
CC features in
OpenOffice.org
Every other content creation, publishing, discovery, and consumption app
And just make FLOSS media tools better
Summer of Code
THANK YOU!
Chris DiBona & co. rocks!
$upport CC