Papers by David Wigg-Wolf
How To Move from Relational to 5 Star Linked Open Data – A Numismatic Example
Archaeopress Publishing Ltd eBooks, Mar 31, 2016
We used and adapted our database solution Antike Fundmünzen in Europa (AFE), in which we recorde... more We used and adapted our database solution Antike Fundmünzen in Europa (AFE), in which we recorded finds of ancient coins for different use cases in Germany and Poland, and we are currently working on Romania. As with many others, our backend system is based on a relational database. In order to become 5 Star Linked Open Data, we mapped our data to different ontologies from Nomisma.org, Dublin Core, SKOS, and others. In this paper we describe our experiences, ranging from the challenges we en- countered, to how we addressed and implemented them, and the problems that remain. The challenges we describe entail technical and sociological issues. We describe our methodology for addressing and overcoming these challenges. The overall approach is to minimize the changes of the existing system, and to model things in a manner that follows the way of thinking of the domain experts, so making it easier for them to understand and accept.
Of warriors, chiefs and gold
Archaeopress Publishing Ltd eBooks, Apr 30, 2018
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Aug 29, 2023
In our project "Classifications and Representations for Networks: From types and characteristics ... more In our project "Classifications and Representations for Networks: From types and characteristics to linked open data for Celtic coinages" (ClaReNet) we had image data for one of the largest Celtic coin hoards ever found: Le Câtillon II with nearly 70,000 coins. In the initial stages of our approach, the main problem was how to deal with the dataset without having any information about it. First, we separated the dataset into groups of coins of different sizes using object recognition combined with the scale contained in the images. The main approach was to treat the coins independently of the underlying classification and analyse how an unsupervised method could group them. We later evaluated our results against the table provided and produced by the expert team. In addition, we have reviewed these expert classifications to improve them and provide a quality check, but also to get a better understanding of how the experts classify the coins, especially for those in poor condition. Additionally, we took a closer look at a single class and tried to identify coins fstruck with the different dies used. The phases of our work have been presented at CAA 2022 in Oxford and at CAA 2023 in Amsterdam.
INTERFACE. INTERnet Portal : Finds of Ancient Coins in Europe
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2005
Graphical Annotation of Semantic Units in a 3D GIS for Cultural Heritage Research and Presentation
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2006
ABSTRACT This paper is to show that an interoperable 3D GIS with support for semantic information... more ABSTRACT This paper is to show that an interoperable 3D GIS with support for semantic information can be used for very finely granulated objects as well as for objects covering vast expenses, thus allowing to link models of an archae-ological find, its surroundings and the larger landscape in a single system. For this, a common model that allows the management of semantic data which is loosely coupled to features, or parts of these features, of the real world, has been designed. It permits to give objects multiple meanings, depending on the concepts of the individual users, as well as to give semantic data specific areas and levels of validity. This approach is then explained by showing two use cases – one in a numismatic context, the other one exploring the development of wall paintings over time. In both cases, even minor elements in the images used can be defined as semantic areas and be annotated with information, both for expert and amateur users. By providing a Java-based Internet tool, these users can collabo-ratively work on these interpretations and annotations. Finally, the time component is shown to be important for both cases, and ways of presenting changes over time are given.
Du métal à la monnaie : la production de l’argent monnayé en Europe occidentale au second âge du Fer, regards croisés
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 13, 2021
Germania: Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, 1995
Lager Lager vermutet späteisenzeitl. Höhenbefestigung eisenzeitl, Höhenbefestigung vermutet X röm... more Lager Lager vermutet späteisenzeitl. Höhenbefestigung eisenzeitl, Höhenbefestigung vermutet X römische und germanische Funde 0 25 k Arnsburg Abb. 1. Fundstellen der augusteischen Zeit in der Wetterau. -Zeichnung: I<. Ruppel. Die Beckenlandschaft um Wetzlar-Gießen wird nach Norden und Westen durch das zum Rheinischen Schiefergebirge gehörende Lahn-Dill-Bergland mit Höhen zwi schen 250 und 500 m und nach Süden durch den östlichen Hintertaunus begrenzt. Nach Südosten ist von der Lahntalweitung aus die fruchtbare Senke der Wetterau mühelos zu erreichen, da keine trennenden Gebirgszonen vorhanden sind (Abb. 1). Östlich erstreckt sich der Vordere Vogelsberg, der die Wetterau im Süden und das Amöneburger Becken im Norden voneinander trennt. Klimagunst und gute Bodenver hältnisse prädestinieren die Lahnaue für Weidewirtschaft und Wiesennutzung und die höher gelegenen, hochwasserfreien Terrassen dank Lößbedeckung für intensiven Ackerbau. In den steileren Hanglagen nördlich der Lahn dominiert die Waldnutzung. Verkehrsgeographisch bedeutend ist das Wetzlar-Gießener Lahntal als Teil der Nord-Süd-Verbindung vom Mittelrhein zur Weser, wenngleich dies für die vorgeschichtliche Zeit noch kaum erforscht ist. Die eisenzeitlichen Ringwallanlagen des Dünsberges und Ein spätaugusteisches Militärlager in Lahnau-Waldgirmes (Hessen) Ringbzw. Abschnittswall
Die Fundmünzen der römischen Zeit in Deutschland
Habelt eBooks, 2015
KULeuven. ...
North Gaul and Raetia
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2003
Coin supply and the Roman army revisited: coin finds and military finance in the late-first and second centuries AD
Ausonius Éditions eBooks, 2014
Domgrabung/Liebfrauen-Areal
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2006
Roman Republican and Imperial Coins
Archaeopress Publishing Ltd eBooks, May 12, 2022
Moneychangers in the Temple? Coins and Religion in the Roman World
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jun 22, 2023
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Nov 29, 2022
The classification of archaeological finds and their representation are shaped by various object ... more The classification of archaeological finds and their representation are shaped by various object epistemological approaches and changes of medium. With ever increasing digitisation, there are now new possibilities of classification, for example using methods of automatic image recognition, as well as the representation of finds on the web with linked open data. ClaReNet, a cooperative project of the Römisch-Germanische Kommission (German Archaeological Institute) and the Big Data Lab (Goethe University Frankfurt), funded by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF; Federal Ministry of Education and Research), tests the possibilities and limits of new digital methods of classification and representation. To this end, traditional approaches of typification and the recording of attributes in numismatics and archaeology are compared with IT-based methods of classification, including deep learning, using the examples of three Celtic coin series that were each chosen to address particular research questions and problems. This work is accompanied by a science and technology study (STS) PANDA, which focuses on Path dependencies, Actor Networks and Digital Agency. This paper briefly introduces the approach of object epistemologies before considering Celtic coins as scientific objects and the history of research on them with regard to classifications and typologies. Using the example of a series of coins from Armorica (Brittany), we will present how deep learning classifies the coinage, how this may differ from classifications by numismatists, and the lessons that are to be learned from this exercise. From an STS perspective, we analyse the actor network that emerges during image data processing. The paper concludes with a reflection on the transformation of numismatic practices resulting from the IT-based methods used in the project, as well as an outlook on further possibilities for research into the classification and representation of Celtic coins.
Prozesse der Romanisierung
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jan 24, 2019
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 24, 2022
Processes of Romanization: Results and Perspectives
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jan 24, 2019
Strategies for graph-based knowledge modelling as Linked Open Data (LOD) of real world archaeolog... more Strategies for graph-based knowledge modelling as Linked Open Data (LOD) of real world archaeological data comprising vague and/or uncertain information are widely lacking. Semantically modelled information related to fuzziness and wobbliness in numismatics and ceramic studies will allow for analysis based on reasoning of archaeological research data, eventually revealing imperfect inferences. Uniform modelling of uncertainties and vagueness in research data is extremely challenging. In the context of archaeological data these aspects can appear in any phase starting from the discovery of an object through each further processing step. It also might depend on context- and meta-information, such as who performed the steps, and in the case of archaeological objects it also depends to a great extent on the preservation of the object itself and its archaeological context. It should be noted that context is a friendly notation for an endless beast! When focusing on modelling uncertaintie...
Die Kelten und Rom : neue numismatische Forschungen
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2005
Die Regierungszeit des Septimius Severus markierte einen deutlichen Einschnitt in der Versorgung ... more Die Regierungszeit des Septimius Severus markierte einen deutlichen Einschnitt in der Versorgung der Nordwestprovinzen mit Münzen. Der Zufluss an Bronzegeld hörte so gut wie auf und ab dem Ende des 2. Jahrhunderts gelangte in die britannischen, germanischen und nordgallischen Provinzen fast ausschließlich Silber. Gleichzeitig ging der Zufluss an römischen Silbermünzen in das nordeuropäische Barbaricum stark zurück. Früher wurde diese Unterbrechung mit der Verringerung des Feingehalts der Denare in Verbindung gebracht, heute sieht die Forschung eher eine bewusste politische Entscheidung, die Zahlung von Subsidien u. Ä. an die Germanen einzustellen.Was waren die Gründe für diese Veränderungen? Mussten die Zahlung an die Germanen eingestellt werden, weil das Silber knapp und innerhalb des Reichs benötigt wurde? Der Druck auf die kaiserlichen Finanzen muss enorm gewesen sein: Unter Septimius Severus wurde der Militärsold verdoppelt.The reign of Septimius Severus saw a dramatic change in...