Books (as Editor) by Gabriel Barroso
Phänomenologische Forschungen, 2020
Papers by Gabriel Barroso
Human Studies, 2024
Anthropologists have recently argued that the divide between nature and culture is not a universa... more Anthropologists have recently argued that the divide between nature and culture is not a universal framework suitable for understanding collective behavior but rather a local variation among various ways of composing the experience of the world. Notably, in the case of Philippe Descola's anthropology, this critique led to a radical reconceptualization of social sciences and the humanities in terms of ontological regimes, which draws upon key aspects of the phenomenological tradition. In this paper, I develop a phenomenological perspective on Descola's anthropology to clarify whether and how we can assess our engagement with the world beyond the divide between nature and culture. The paper is divided into three sections. In the first section, I present the main claims of Descola's position, which he calls "relative universalism," and introduce two critiques of this project: the potential conflation between his ontological framework and aspects of modern naturalism and the risk of reifying cultural determinations as ontological properties. In the second section, I address the first critique by showing how the universalist claim of Descola's anthropology, according to which collective experience is organized by the duality of planes of physicality and interiority, can be elucidated through Husserl's account of the embodied experience to avoid a conflation with the naturalist framework. Finally, I contend that anthropology's idea of a diversity of ontological regimes can be made coherent by analyzing the two layers of the world constitution: the primordial experience of the lived body and the intersubjective process of communalization.
Phänomenologische Forschungen, 2020
This paper attempts to clarify Heidegger's concept of metaphysics as it is developed in the perio... more This paper attempts to clarify Heidegger's concept of metaphysics as it is developed in the period immediately after the publication of Being and Time. According to Heidegger, the concept of metaphysics contains two different tasks: the question of Being as such (Sein als solches) and the question of being as a whole (Seiende im Ganzen). These two tasks correspond to Fundamental Ontology and Metontology. Based on this distinction, I argue that the concept of metaphysics introduces a fundamental change in the philosophical project of Being and Time. Firstly, I show in what sense Fundamental Ontology can be understood as an immanent critique of Phenomenology, which attempts to overcome an omission in its account of the transcendental field. Secondly, I argue that Metontology should not be taken as an attempt to develop regional ontologies lacking in Being and Time, but as a new philosophical task concerning the world as being as a whole. However, this task cannot be considered on the basis of the concept of world presented in Being and Time. Metontology is concerned with a new account of the phenomenon of nature and of Heidegger's concept of facticity, which goes beyond the boundaries of the Analytic of Dasein.
Ekstasis, 2022
In this article, I examine the transcendental function of the concept of earth for the constituti... more In this article, I examine the transcendental function of the concept of earth for the constitution of spatiality and temporality in Edmund Husserl’s late phenomenology. First, I analyze the problem of the bifurcation of experience between the apperception of the natural sciences and the experience of the life-world, showing how the epoché of the natural sciences resolves this paradox by imposing a limitation on the naturalist claim of hegemony over truth and knowledge. Next, I argue that the limitation of naturalism allows an eidetic differentiation of phenomena, establishing the possibility of an analysis of spatiality according to the genetic relationship between body (Körper), living body (Leib), and earth (Erde). In this case, the earth is not simply an object of experience, but a pre-subjective element of the conditions of possibility of experience. Finally, I show the consequences of the transcendental function of the earth for the analysis of temporality and historicity. On the one hand, Husserl’s late phenomenology is characterized by a territorialization of meaning, in which the field of experience is rooted in the intersubjectivity of a plurality of territories organized in the same terrestrial space: territory and earth are horizons of possible experience that are in a relationship of crossing and intertwining, which indicates an overcoming of the classic division between nature and culture. On the other hand, this territorialization of meaning has an important consequence for phenomenological philosophy since it allows us to formulate the program of an archeology of meaning.
Studia Heideggeriana, 2021
The aim of this paper is to clarify the phenomenological concept of possibility based on Heidegge... more The aim of this paper is to clarify the phenomenological concept of possibility based on Heidegger’s analysis of the subjectivity in his interpretation of the transcendental apperception. Initially, I address Kant’s account of the apperception as a «I think». After that, I analyze Heidegger’s interpretation of this principle, in order to show that the phenomenological account of the apperception does not remain characterized by a formalism but is rather determined in the interpreta- tion of the existence as a «I can». Accordingly, I show that if in transcendental philosophy the conditions of possibility of experience are formulated based on a regressive-constructive method, phenomenology takes the a priori as a phenomenon, that is, it brings to evi- dence the very conditions of possibility of experience. Hence, the subjectivity of the subject is not a formal determination but becomes the object of the analysis of a mode of Being. Finally, I consider how the rela- tion between world and subjectivity in the analytics of existence introduces other modifications in the account of the apperception as an element of the conditions of possibility of experience.
Griot, 2020
O conceito de acontecimento é um dos temas centrais do pensamento de Heidegger e oferece um fio c... more O conceito de acontecimento é um dos temas centrais do pensamento de Heidegger e oferece um fio condutor para a compreensão de sua obra. Este artigo mostra como a gênese deste conceito está diretamente relacionada à transformação da fenomenologia empreendida por Heidegger ao longo de suas primeiras preleções em Freiburg (1919-1923) e fornece algumas indicações sobre a importância deste tópico para o desenvolvimento da ontologia fundamental em Ser e tempo. Nossa análise se divide em três partes. Em primeiro lugar, abordamos a relação entre a intencionalidade e mundo. O nexo do mundo é o espaço de constituição primário da experiência intencional. Essa relação aponta para a crítica de Heidegger à abstração da ontologia formal e para a estrutura do acontecimento como o modo em que se dá a experiência do eu concreto e histórico. A seguir, analisamos o conceito de fenômeno em Heidegger para distinguir sua filosofia da fenomenologia transcendental de Husserl. O elemento central dessa diferença reside na introdução da dimensão de acontecimento e situação no fenômeno, que não se encontra presente no modelo husserliano da intencionalidade. Por fim, apresentamos uma interpretação da relação entre vida fática, acontecimento e situação, para apontar algumas consequências da introdução do problema da história na fenomenologia.
Ekstasis, 2018
Este artigo expõe duas teses sobre a fenomenologia: i) a fenomenologia em Husserl e Heidegger tem... more Este artigo expõe duas teses sobre a fenomenologia: i) a fenomenologia em Husserl e Heidegger tem de ser compreendida como uma investigação sobre a origem ou a gênese. Há um conceito fenomenológico de origem que se diferencia do conceito metafísico que caracteriza a tradição filosófica; ii) a fenomenologia heideggeriana apresenta uma distinção essencial em relação à filosofia de Husserl, pois compreende a origem fenomenológica conjuntamente com um movimento de degeneração ontológica. Ao final, indica-se como essa relação entre origem e degeneração repercute sobre a compreensão de Heidegger acerca da linguagem filosófica.
Conference Presentations by Gabriel Barroso
Abstract "Krisis und Kritik" Tagung der deutschen Gesellschaft für phänomenologische Forschung | ... more Abstract "Krisis und Kritik" Tagung der deutschen Gesellschaft für phänomenologische Forschung | Darmstadt | 24.-27. September 2025
Abstract Husserl-Arbeitstage | Freiburg | 26.-28- März 2025