Gareth Porter - Wikipedia

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American historian (born 1942)
Gareth Porter
Gareth Porter during a February 2012 interview on
RT
Born
1942-06-18
June 18, 1942
(age 83)
Independence, Kansas
, U.S.
Alma mater
Cornell University
Occupation
Journalist
Awards
Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism
(2012)
Part of
a series
on
Israel and nuclear weapons
Israel and WMDs
Policy of deliberate ambiguity (amimut)
Begin Doctrine
Samson Option
Israel Atomic Energy Commission
Delivery systems
Jericho ballistic missiles
Sdot Micha
Palmachim
Dolphin
-class submarines
Popeye Turbo cruise missile
Haifa naval base
Dakar
-class submarine
Aircraft
F-15I
F-16I
F-35I
Hatzerim
Tel Nof
Espionage
and
attacks on rivals
Iraq
Operation Opera
Pakistan
Operation Kahuta
Syria
Operation Orchard
US
Apollo affair
Operation Plumbat
Iran's nuclear program and Israel
Iran–Israel relations
Espionage
Project Daniel
Stuxnet
Assassinations of scientists
Other assassinations
Infiltration of nuclear archives
Manufactured Crisis
Wars
involving
nuclear close calls
1967 Six-Day War
Operation Samson
he
1973 Yom Kippur War
1991 Gulf War
2025 Twelve-Day War
2026 Iran war
Attack on Dimona
Geography and foreign relations
International agreements
Non-Proliferation Treaty
Israel–South Africa Agreement
Middle East nuclear weapon free zone
Sèvres meeting
Nuclear weapons testing
Vela incident
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Research facilities
Shimon Peres Negev Nuclear Research Center
Airstrike
Soreq Nuclear Research Center
Other locations in Israel
Dimona
Sdot Micha Airbase
Tirosh
People and culture
Menachem Begin
David Ben-Gurion
Ernst David Bergmann
Edward Teller
Levi Eshkol
Rafi Eitan
Mordechai Vanunu
Yitzhak Yaakov
he
Historians
journalists
Avner Cohen
Israel and the Bomb
Seymour Hersh
The Samson Option
Gareth Porter
Manufactured Crisis: The Untold Story of the Iran Nuclear Scare
Arts
culture
What Must Be Said
Golda's Balcony
Related topics
Accusation in a mirror
Arrow missiles
ATA
Criticism of Israel
Gaza genocide
Intent & incitement
Proxy conflict
Israel
MEK
Iran
Israeli support for Iran during the Iran–Iraq war
Masada myth
Military and militant references to Samson
1947 Operation Samson
Nuclear espionage
Gareth Porter
(born June 18, 1942) is an American historian,
investigative journalist
, author and policy analyst specializing in U.S. national security issues. He was an anti-war activist during the
Vietnam War
and has written about the potential for peaceful
conflict resolution
in Southeast Asia and the Middle East.
In the early 1970s, Porter wrote critically about US involvement in the
Vietnam War
. In the late 1970s, he initially denied charges against the
Khmer Rouge
that it was pursuing
genocidal
policies against the Cambodian people, but later acknowledged his error in doing so. In the 2010s, he questioned allegations that the
Syrian government used chemical weapons
against its citizens. Porter's books include
Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam
(2005), his explanation of the United States involvement in the Vietnam War.
Education and early career
edit
Porter was raised as a member of the
Church of the Brethren
and attended
Manchester College
in Indiana (a Brethren School) for three years before transferring to the
University of Illinois
, where he graduated in 1964.
He received his master's degree in International Politics from the
University of Chicago
and his Ph.D. in Southeast Asian Studies from
Cornell University
He has taught international studies at the
City College of New York
and
American University
in Washington D.C., and he was the first Academic Director for Peace and Conflict Resolution in the Semester program at the university.
Porter was active in the
anti-Vietnam War movement
, and was a chairman of the
Committee of Concerned Asian Scholars
at Cornell.
From 1970–1971, he served as the Saigon Bureau Chief for
Dispatch News Service International
and later, he was the co-director of the Indochina Resource Center, a research and education organization opposed to the
Vietnam War
which was based in Washington, D.C.
Writing
edit
Porter’s analysis and reporting appeared from the 1970s to 1990s in
Foreign Policy
Foreign Affairs
10
and
The Journal of Environment & Development
11
and later for
Al-Jazeera English
12
The Nation
13
Salon
14
The Huffington Post
15
CounterPunch
16
Antiwar.com
17
The American Conservative
18
and
Truthout
19
He reported on political, diplomatic and military developments in the
Middle East
for
Inter Press Service
between 2005 and 2014.
20
He is a director of
Consortium News
21
Vietnam
edit
In a series of articles and academic papers, Porter challenged President
Richard Nixon
's statement that there would be a
communist
"bloodbath" in
South Vietnam
if the U.S. withdrew its forces. In his 1973 monograph
The Myth of the Bloodbath: North Vietnam’s Land Reform Reconsidered
22
he questioned the assertion by Indochina expert
Bernard Fall
that 50,000 may have died in
North Vietnam
's
land reform program
and the estimates of others alleging the mass execution of hundreds of thousands of people. His analysis estimated that the real number of casualties was between 800 and 2,500. These conclusions have been challenged by several writers, including Daniel Teoduru,
23
24
Robert Turner,
25
and
Hoang Van Chi
26
Scholar Edwin Moise later estimated a death toll probably on the rough order of 5,000, and almost certainly between 3,000 and 15,000.
27
In 1974, Porter wrote a detailed criticism of
U.S. Information Agency
official
Douglas Pike
's account of the "
Massacre at Huế
during the
Tet Offensive
."
28
A 1970 report by
Stephen T. Hosmer
utilizing
Viet Cong
documents suggested that at least 2,800 persons were killed.
29
Porter stated that Pike manipulated official figures to make it appear that over 4,700 civilians were murdered by the
Viet Cong
, and the numbers and causes of death were different.
28
Porter is the author of many books about the Vietnam war, including
Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam
30
Vietnam: History in Documents
Vietnam: The Politics of Bureaucratic Socialism (Politics & International Relations of Southeast Asia)
Global Environmental Politics (Dilemmas in World Politics)
Cambodia: Starvation and Revolution
, and
A Peace Denied: the United States, Vietnam, and the Paris Agreement
. His book,
Perils of Dominance
, analyzes the role of the military in the origins of the Vietnam War.
30
Cambodia
edit
See also:
Cambodian genocide denial
In 1976,
George C. Hildebrand
and Porter, then directors of the antiwar
Indochina Resource Center
, published a study in September 1975 challenging claims that the
evacuation of Phnom Penh
had been an “atrocity” causing famine. Instead they said it was a response to Cambodians’ “urgent and fundamental needs” and “it was carried out only after careful planning for provision of food, water, rest and medical care.”
31
In 1976, Hildebrand and Porter authored a book titled
Cambodia: Starvation and Revolution
, which compared the ways of the U.S.-backed
Khmer Republic
and the administration of the Chinese-backed
Communist Party of Kampuchea
31
Pol Pot
was then secretary general and prime minister by Fall 1977, the party's cadres were colloquially known as the
Khmer Rouge
32
The authors denied the media accounts of ideological fanaticism and cruelty by the latter,
33
and argued instead that the Democratic Kampuchea program constituted a rational response to the serious problems confronting the Cambodian nation: disease, starvation, economic devastation, and cities swollen with millions of refugees after years of American bombing.
Testifying before Congress in May 1977, Porter read a prepared statement which began:
The situation in postwar Cambodia has generated an unprecedented wave of emotional—and at times even hysterical—comment in the United States and Western Europe. The closing off of Cambodia to the foreign press, making the refugees the only source of information used by the media, and the tendency of many refugees to offer the darkest possible picture of the country they fled have combined to provide a fertile ground for wild exaggeration and wholesale falsehood about the government and its policies. The result is the suggestion, now rapidly hardening into conviction, that 1 to 2 million Cambodians have been the victims of a regime led by genocidal maniacs....the notion that the leadership of Democratic Kampuchea adopted a policy of physically eliminating whole classes of people, of purging anyone who was connected with the Lon Nol government, or punishing the entire urban population by putting them to work in the countryside after the "death march" from the cities, is a myth."
He criticized the work of other writers with different views of the character of the Khmer Rouge, stating: "Both [François
Ponchaud
's and [John]
Barron
and [Anthony] Paul's books fail to measure up to even the minimum standards of journalism or scholarship, and their overall conclusions and general tone must be regarded as the product of overheated emotions and lack of caution. Moreover, there is enough evidence available from various sources, including material published by Ponchaud himself, to discredit the extreme thesis propounded by both books."
34
non-primary source needed
When Congressman
Stephen J. Solarz
asked if any of the experts could "explain why what happened in Cambodia actually happened", Porter responded, "I cannot accept the premise of your question, which is that...1 million people have been murdered systematically or that the Government of Cambodia is systematically slaughtering its people." In response, Solarz characterized the scholars defending the Khmer Rouge, including Porter, as "cowardly and contemptible." Solarz called the actions of the Khmer Rouge government "monstrous."
35
non-primary source needed
Hildebrand and Porter were criticized in April 1978 by British author
William Shawcross
in
The New York Review of Books
, who wrote that their "use of evidence can be seriously questioned". He accused them of writing "an extremely sympathetic, indeed approving, account". Shawcross commented that "their apparent faith in Khmer Rouge assertions and statistics is surprising in two men who have spent so long analyzing the lies that governments tell".
32
In response to Shawcross, Porter responded in the
NYRB
in July 1978: "As anyone who has seen the book will know, nothing could be further from the truth. We document the conditions under which the evacuation took place from Khmer refugee reports, as well as European and American eyewitness accounts." Porter further commented: "It is true, as Shawcross notes from my May 1977 Congressional testimony, that I have changed my view on a number of aspects of the Cambodian situation. I have no interest in defending everything the Khmer government does, and I believe that the policy of self-reliance has been carried so far that it has imposed unnecessary costs on the population of Cambodia. Shawcross, however, clearly does have an interest in rejecting our conclusions. It is time, I suggest, for him to examine it carefully, because it does not make for intellectual honesty." Shawcross responded: "it is a tribute to his own integrity that he now agrees that the Khmer Rouge have imposed 'unnecessary costs' on the Cambodian people. He should, however, be a little more careful before he accuses others of deliberately falsifying evidence and of intellectual dishonesty."
33
In her 2002 book on
genocide
and its reporting,
A Problem from Hell
Samantha Power
wrote that
Without ever having visited the country, [Porter and Hildebrand] rejected atrocity reports. The city evacuations, they argued, would improve the welfare of Cambodians, whose livelihoods had been devastated by the Nixon years. They were convinced that American and European media, governments, and anti-Communists were colluding to exaggerate KR sins for Cold War propaganda purposes. This account was read widely at the State Department and received backing from
Noam Chomsky
and
Edward Herman
31
In 2010, Porter said he had been waiting many years for someone to ask him about his earlier views of the Khmer Rouge. He described how the climate of distrust of the government generated during the Vietnam war carried over to Cambodia. "I uncovered a series of instances when government officials were propagandizing [about the Vietnam war]. They were lying," he explained. "I've been well aware for many years that I was guilty of intellectual arrogance. I was right about the bloodbath in Vietnam, so I assumed I would be right about Cambodia".
36
Syria
edit
Porter has written on the
use of chemical weapons in the Syrian civil war
, including the
Ghouta chemical attack
which occurred during the
Syrian Civil War
37
Porter wrote in September 2013 about the origins and content of the White House intelligence report entitled
U.S. Government Assessment of the Syrian Government's Use of Chemical Weapons on August 21, 2013
, commenting that analysis by
Inter Press Service
(IPS) and interviews with former intelligence officials indicated the report only consisted of White House-selected information, and failed to accurately reflect the opinions of intelligence analysts.
38
non-primary source needed
He queried the "assumption that it was a Syrian government-sponsored attack" by asserting that "significant new information has become available that makes an attack by opposition forces far more plausible than appeared to be the case in the first weeks after the event."
39
non-primary source needed
In response to Porter's statements questioning the use of chemical weapons in Syria by the government of President
Bashar al-Assad
, the British organization
Bellingcat
stated that Porter "relies heavily on ignoring the tests by the
OPCW
that detected Sarin in samples" and that "Porter relies on the usual chemical weapon truther claims that these results were from samples being tampered with in someway, without presenting any actual evidence it took place".
40
Iran
edit
Since 2006, Porter has been investigating allegations made by the U.S. and Israel about
Iran's nuclear program
41
42
non-primary source needed
and has reported on U.S. diplomacy and military and intelligence operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan.
43
Porter argued in 2014 that "the analysis of
Khamenei’s fatwa
[against nuclear weapons] has been flawed" not only because the role of the "
guardian jurist
" in the Iranian political-legal system is not understood completely, but also because the history of Khamenei's fatwa is ignored. He also says that to understand Iranian policy toward nuclear weapons, one should refer to the "historical episode during its eight-year
war with Iraq
" which explains why Iran never used chemical weapons against
Iraq
when seeking revenge for Iraqis attacks which killed 20,000 Iranians and severely injured 100,000 more. Porter argues that this fact strongly suggests that Iran has sincerely banned developing chemical and nuclear weapons and it is "deep-rooted".
44
non-primary source needed
In 2014, Porter attended an anti-Zionist conference in
Tehran
, New Horizons, which was reported to have been a platform for antisemitism and
Holocaust denial
45
Porter told
BuzzFeed News
that he would not have attended the conference if he had known the extremist views of other conference participants.
46
Awards
edit
In 2012, Porter was awarded the annual
Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism
at the
Frontline Club
in London to acknowledge reporting that exposes official propaganda for a series of articles about U.S. policies in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
43
47
48
He has also been awarded a
Serena Shim Award
for Uncompromised Integrity in Journalism.
21
Bibliography
edit
The Myth of the Hue Massacre
, Herman, Edward S. and Porter, Gareth (1975),
Ramparts
(May–June 1975)
A Peace Denied: the United States, Vietnam, and the Paris Agreement
(1975) – This book is an analysis of the negotiation and implementation of the
1973 Paris Peace Agreement
on Vietnam.
Cambodia: Starvation and Revolution
Monthly Review Press
, 1976)
Vietnam: A History in Documents
(1981) – Porter originally edited this documentary history of the war in a two-volume hardcover edition published in 1979, and it was reissued in paperback under the above title.
Vietnam: the Politics of Bureaucratic Socialism
(1993)
49
Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam
(2005)
Manufactured Crisis: The Untold Story of the Iran Nuclear Scare
(2014)
The CIA Insider's Guide to the Iran Crisis
, 2020 (with
John Kiriakou
References
edit
"Gareth Porter"
. Huffingtonpost.com
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Porter, Gareth. "
Perils of Dominance
", University of California Press.
Horton, Scott (2019-06-17).
"6/14/19 Interview #5,000: The Life and Times of Gareth Porter"
The Libertarian Institute
. Retrieved
2019-06-22
"Gareth Porter"
. Fanoos.com. 1942-06-18
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Biographical profile
Archived
2014-12-31 at the
Wayback Machine
; George Mason University; October, 2005
"Obama MidEast Diplomacy Derailed by his Propaganda War, Gareth Porter in Washington, D.C., and Muhammad Khurshid in Pakistan : Dori Smith : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive"
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
800 Attend Indochina Teach-In;
The Cornell Daily Sun
; Monica Reiss; April 14, 1972; pp.. 1, 9
"North America – Inter Press Service"
. Ipsnorthamerica.net. Archived from
the original
on 2013-09-04
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Time to Talk with North Korea
Foreign Policy
; No. 34 (Spring, 1979), pp. 52–73
Cambodia: Sihanouk's Initiative
Foreign Affairs
; Spring, 1988
Trade Competition and Pollution Standards: “Race to the Bottom” or “Stuck at the Bottom”
The Journal of Environment & Development
; June 1999; Vol. 8 no. 2 133-151
"Gareth Porter – Profile"
. Al Jazeera English. 2011-10-04
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Gareth Porter (2 April 2010).
"Gareth Porter"
The Nation
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Arming our own enemies in Iraq
Salon
; June 6, 2008
Huffington Post – Gareth Porter articles
"Former Insiders Criticize Iran Policy as U.S. Hegemony » CounterPunch: Tells the Facts, Names the Names"
. CounterPunch. 2013-02-27
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
"In Rush to Strike Syria, U.S. Tried to Derail U.N. Probe by Gareth Porter – Antiwar.com"
. Original.antiwar.com. 2013-08-28
. Retrieved
2013-09-01
"Gareth Porter Responsible Statecraft"
Responsible Statecraft
. Retrieved
2021-08-31
"Gareth Porter"
. Truth-out.org. 2013-08-08
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
IPS.org – Gareth Porter articles
Archived
2012-06-20 at the
Wayback Machine
Whitaker, Brian (2018-01-20).
"Prizes galore! Assad supporters win awards for 'integrity' – with help from a piano tuner in California"
al-bab.com
. Retrieved
2021-08-31
Porter, Gareth. "
The Myth of the Bloodbath
", Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. September 1973.
"Appendix 1: "Official" Hanoi Sources"
(PDF)
. Virtual.vietnam.ttu.edu. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2016-03-04
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
"The Vietnam Center and Archive: Search Results"
(PDF)
ttu.edu
. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2011-06-08
. Retrieved
2007-09-22
"Appendix II : Expert Punctures 'No Bloodbath' Myth"
(PDF)
. Paulbogdanor.com. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2013-02-01
. Retrieved
2013-11-12
"Appendix III : Mr. Daniel Tdodoru letter"
(PDF)
. Paulbogdanor.com. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2013-02-01
. Retrieved
2013-11-12
; "Newly released documents on the land reform",
Vietnam Studies Group
"Archived copy"
. Archived from
the original
on 2011-04-20
. Retrieved
2016-06-30
{{
cite web
}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
link
, accessed 3 Oct 2015
Land Reform in China and North Vietnam (1983), p. 222.
The 1968 'Hue Massacre'
Indochina Chronicle
33 (June 24, 1974), 2–13
Archived
May 25, 2011, at the
Wayback Machine
Stephen T. Hosmer,
Viet Cong Repression and its Implications for the Future
(Rand Corporation, 1970), pp. 72–8.
Perils of Dominance – Gareth Porter – Paperback – University of California Press
. Ucpress.edu
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Power, Samantha (2002).
A problem from hell : America and the age of genocide
. New York: Basic Books.
ISBN
978-0-465-06150-1
OCLC
48221415
Shawcross, William (April 8, 1978).
"The Third Indochina War"
The New York Review of Books
. Retrieved
July 12,
2020
Porter, Gareth; Shawcross, William (July 20, 1978).
"An Exchange on Cambodia"
The New York Review of Books
. Retrieved
July 12,
2020
Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Human Rights in Cambodia
Archived
2011-06-08 at the
Wayback Machine
; The Vietnam Center and Archive
"Hearing Before the Subcommittee on International Organizations of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress, First Session, on: Human Rights in Cambodia, 03 May 1977, Folder 02, Box 12, Douglas Pike Collection: Unit 11 – Monographs, The Vietnam Center and Archive, Texas Tech University, pp. 32-35 Accessed 6 May. 2014. <
>,
Archived
2016-03-16 at the
Wayback Machine
Brinkley, Joel (2011).
Cambodia's Curse: The Modern History of a Troubled Land
. PublicAffairs. p. 49.
"Syria: How Newsweek Fell Prey to Chemical Weapons Disinformation"
EA WorldView
. 2018-02-10
. Retrieved
2021-08-31
Obama’s Case for Syria Didn’t Reflect Intel Consensus
; IPS News Agency; September 9, 2013
Porter, Gareth (29 April 2014).
"New Data Raise Further Doubt on Official View of August 21 Gas Attack in Syria"
Truthout
Higgins, Eliot (2018-02-09).
"Newsweek Engages in Easily Debunkable Syria Chemical Weapon Trutherism with the Help of Ian Wilkie"
Bellingcat
. Retrieved
2019-02-13
Porter, Gareth. "
Burnt Offering
Archived
2008-04-17 at the
Wayback Machine
",
The American Prospect
. May 21, 2006.
news.com/2011/11/19/cracks-open-in-iran-nuke-charges// "Cracks Open in Iran Nuke Charges"
. Consortiumnews. 19 November 2011
. Retrieved
2013-11-12
{{
cite web
}}
Check
|url=
value (
help
"IPS – Inter Press Service News Agency » Blog Archive » Gareth Porter wins Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism"
. Ips.org. 2012-06-16. Archived from
the original
on 2012-06-20
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Porter, Gareth
(16 October 2014).
"When the Ayatollah Said No to Nukes"
Foreign Policy
. Retrieved
21 August
2015
Gray, Rosie (2014-10-01).
"Antiwar Activists, 9/11 Truthers Gather In Tehran For Anti-Zionist Conference"
BuzzFeed News
. Retrieved
2021-08-31
Gray, Rosie (2014-10-06).
"U.S. Journalist Regrets Attending Conspiracy Conference In Tehran"
BuzzFeed News
. Retrieved
2021-08-31
Tim de Ferrars.
"The Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism"
. Marthagellhorn.com
. Retrieved
2013-11-12
permanent dead link
"Truthout Contributor Gareth Porter Wins Prestigious Journalism Award"
. Truth-out.org. 2012-06-15
. Retrieved
2013-08-12
Porter, Gareth (1993).
Vietnam
. Cornell University Press.
ISBN
0801421683
Further reading
edit
A Candid Discussion with Gareth Porter
– Interview at Foreign Policy Blogs
Interview with Gareth Porter at
Talk Nation Radio
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