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Jabir ibn Hayyan / Geber, died between 806 and 816.
Jābir ibn Ḥayyān
Arabic
جابر بن حيان
Latin
Geber
died
between 806 and 816),
is the name for the writer of a great number of writings in Arabic. The writings together have the name
Jabirian corpus
The most important subjects of these writings are:
alchemy
cosmology
numerology
astrology
medicine
magic
mysticism
, and
philosophy
Jabir's writings have in them the oldest known list of
chemical substances
. For the first time, the writings gave an explanation of how to produce an inorganic substance (
ammonium chloride
) from
organic substances
(such as plants, blood, and hair).
Modern
scholars
doubt the
historical
existence of Jabir. It is probable that one person did not write all of the writings in the Jabirian corpus. Instead, scholars see Jabir ibn Hayyan as a
pseudonym
that a group of writers used.
Translations
into Latin of some of Jabir's Arabic writings (like the "Book of Mercy", and the "Book of Seventy") came into existence in the
Middle Ages
. In Latin, Jabir had the name "Geber", a
transliteration
of "Jabir".
In 13th-century Europe an
anonymous
writer, called pseudo-Geber, started to produce new writings about alchemy under the name Geber.
People still read the
Summa perfectionis magisterii
in the 17th century. The
Summa perfectionis magisterii
was one of the writings that pseudo-Geber produced in the 13th century. It was an
influence
on
early modern
chemists like
Robert Boyle
(1627–1691).
References
change
change source
Delva 2017
, pp.
36−37, note 6
Plessner 1981
Forster 2018
Stapleton, Azo
Hidayat Husain 1927
, pp.
338–340
Kraus 1942–1943
, vol. II, pp. 41–42
Delva 2017
Forster 2018
Forster 2018
Newman 1985
Newman 2006
Works cited
change
change source
Delva, Thijs (2017). "The Abbasid Activist Ḥayyān al-ʿAṭṭār as the Father of Jābir b. Ḥayyān: An Influential Hypothesis Revisited".
Journal of Abbasid Studies
(1):
35–
61.
doi
10.1163/22142371-12340030
Forster, Regula (2018). "Jābir b. Ḥayyān".
Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three
doi
10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_32665
Kraus, Paul (1942–1943).
Jâbir ibn Hayyân: Contribution à l'histoire des idées scientifiques dans l'Islam. I. Le corpus des écrits jâbiriens. II. Jâbir et la science grecque
. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale.
ISBN
9783487091143
{{
cite book
}}
ISBN / Date incompatibility (
help
Newman, William R. (1985).
"New Light on the Identity of Geber"
Sudhoffs Archiv
69
(1):
76–
90.
JSTOR
20776956
PMID
2932819
Newman, William R. (2006).
Atoms and Alchemy: Chymistry and the Experimental Origins of the Scientific Revolution
. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
ISBN
9780226576978
Plessner, Martin (1981).
"Jābir Ibn Hayyān"
. In Gillispie, Charles C. (ed.).
Dictionary of Scientific Biography
. Vol.
7. New York: Charles Scribners’s Sons. pp.
39–
43.
Stapleton, Henry E.; Azo, R. F.; Hidayat Husain, M. (1927). "Chemistry in Iraq and Persia in the Tenth Century A.D".
Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
VIII
(6):
317–
418.
Bibcode
1927Natur.120..242J
doi
10.1038/120242a0
S2CID
4093082
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