GitHub - yt-dlp/yt-dlp: A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader · GitHub

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yt-dlp is a feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader with support for
thousands of sites
. The project is a fork of
youtube-dl
based on the now inactive
youtube-dlc
INSTALLATION
Detailed instructions
Release Files
Update
Dependencies
Compile
USAGE AND OPTIONS
General Options
Network Options
Geo-restriction
Video Selection
Download Options
Filesystem Options
Thumbnail Options
Internet Shortcut Options
Verbosity and Simulation Options
Workarounds
Video Format Options
Subtitle Options
Authentication Options
Post-processing Options
SponsorBlock Options
Extractor Options
Preset Aliases
CONFIGURATION
Configuration file encoding
Authentication with netrc
Notes about environment variables
OUTPUT TEMPLATE
Output template examples
FORMAT SELECTION
Filtering Formats
Sorting Formats
Format Selection examples
MODIFYING METADATA
Modifying metadata examples
EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS
PLUGINS
Installing Plugins
Developing Plugins
EMBEDDING YT-DLP
Embedding examples
CHANGES FROM YOUTUBE-DL
New features
Differences in default behavior
Deprecated options
CONTRIBUTING
Opening an Issue
Developer Instructions
WIKI
FAQ
INSTALLATION
You can install yt-dlp using
the binaries
pip
or one using a third-party package manager. See
the wiki
for detailed instructions
RELEASE FILES
Recommended
File
Description
yt-dlp
Platform-independent
zipimport
binary. Needs Python (recommended for
Linux/BSD
yt-dlp.exe
Windows (Win8+) standalone x64 binary (recommended for
Windows
yt-dlp_macos
Universal MacOS (10.15+) standalone executable (recommended for
MacOS
Alternatives
File
Description
yt-dlp_linux
Linux (glibc 2.17+) standalone x86_64 binary
yt-dlp_linux.zip
Unpackaged Linux (glibc 2.17+) x86_64 executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_linux_aarch64
Linux (glibc 2.17+) standalone aarch64 binary
yt-dlp_linux_aarch64.zip
Unpackaged Linux (glibc 2.17+) aarch64 executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_linux_armv7l.zip
Unpackaged Linux (glibc 2.31+) armv7l executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_musllinux
Linux (musl 1.2+) standalone x86_64 binary
yt-dlp_musllinux.zip
Unpackaged Linux (musl 1.2+) x86_64 executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_musllinux_aarch64
Linux (musl 1.2+) standalone aarch64 binary
yt-dlp_musllinux_aarch64.zip
Unpackaged Linux (musl 1.2+) aarch64 executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_x86.exe
Windows (Win8+) standalone x86 (32-bit) binary
yt-dlp_win_x86.zip
Unpackaged Windows (Win8+) x86 (32-bit) executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_arm64.exe
Windows (Win10+) standalone ARM64 binary
yt-dlp_win_arm64.zip
Unpackaged Windows (Win10+) ARM64 executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_win.zip
Unpackaged Windows (Win8+) x64 executable (no auto-update)
yt-dlp_macos.zip
Unpackaged MacOS (10.15+) executable (no auto-update)
Misc
File
Description
yt-dlp.tar.gz
Source tarball
SHA2-512SUMS
GNU-style SHA512 sums
SHA2-512SUMS.sig
GPG signature file for SHA512 sums
SHA2-256SUMS
GNU-style SHA256 sums
SHA2-256SUMS.sig
GPG signature file for SHA256 sums
The public key that can be used to verify the GPG signatures is
available here
Example usage:
curl -L https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/raw/master/public.key | gpg --import
gpg --verify SHA2-256SUMS.sig SHA2-256SUMS
gpg --verify SHA2-512SUMS.sig SHA2-512SUMS
Licensing
While yt-dlp is licensed under the
Unlicense
, many of the release files contain code from other projects with different licenses.
Most notably, the PyInstaller-bundled executables include GPLv3+ licensed code, and as such the combined work is licensed under
GPLv3+
The zipimport Unix executable (
yt-dlp
) contains
ISC
licensed code from
meriyah
and
MIT
licensed code from
astring
See
THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.txt
for more details.
The git repository, the source tarball (
yt-dlp.tar.gz
), the PyPI source distribution and the PyPI built distribution (wheel) only contain code licensed under the
Unlicense
Note
: The manpages, shell completion (autocomplete) files etc. are available inside the
source tarball
UPDATE
You can use
yt-dlp -U
to update if you are using the
release binaries
If you
installed with pip
, simply re-run the same command that was used to install the program
For other third-party package managers, see
the wiki
or refer to their documentation
There are currently three release channels for binaries:
stable
nightly
and
master
stable
is the default channel, and many of its changes have been tested by users of the
nightly
and
master
channels.
The
nightly
channel has releases scheduled to build every day around midnight UTC, for a snapshot of the project's new patches and changes. This is the
recommended channel for regular users
of yt-dlp. The
nightly
releases are available from
yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds
or as development releases of the
yt-dlp
PyPI package (which can be installed with pip's
--pre
flag).
The
master
channel features releases that are built after each push to the master branch, and these will have the very latest fixes and additions, but may also be more prone to regressions. They are available from
yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds
When using
--update
-U
, a release binary will only update to its current channel.
--update-to CHANNEL
can be used to switch to a different channel when a newer version is available.
--update-to [CHANNEL@]TAG
can also be used to upgrade or downgrade to specific tags from a channel.
You may also use
--update-to
/
) to update to a channel on a completely different repository. Be careful with what repository you are updating to though, there is no verification done for binaries from different repositories.
Example usage:
yt-dlp --update-to master
switch to the
master
channel and update to its latest release
yt-dlp --update-to stable@2023.07.06
upgrade/downgrade to release to
stable
channel tag
2023.07.06
yt-dlp --update-to 2023.10.07
upgrade/downgrade to tag
2023.10.07
if it exists on the current channel
yt-dlp --update-to example/yt-dlp@2023.09.24
upgrade/downgrade to the release from the
example/yt-dlp
repository, tag
2023.09.24
Important
: Any user experiencing an issue with the
stable
release should install or update to the
nightly
release before submitting a bug report:
# To update to nightly from stable executable/binary:
yt-dlp --update-to nightly

# To install nightly with pip:
python -m pip install -U --pre "yt-dlp[default]"
When running a yt-dlp version that is older than 90 days, you will see a warning message suggesting to update to the latest version.
You can suppress this warning by adding
--no-update
to your command or configuration file.
DEPENDENCIES
Python versions 3.10+ (CPython) and 3.11+ (PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
While all the other dependencies are optional,
ffmpeg
ffprobe
yt-dlp-ejs
and a supported JavaScript runtime/engine are highly recommended
Strongly recommended
ffmpeg
and
ffprobe
- Required for
merging separate video and audio files
, as well as for various
post-processing
tasks. License
depends on the build
There are bugs in ffmpeg that cause various issues when used alongside yt-dlp. Since ffmpeg is such an important dependency, we provide
custom builds
with patches for some of these issues at
yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds
. See
the readme
for details on the specific issues solved by these builds
Important
: What you need is ffmpeg
binary
NOT
the Python package of the same name
yt-dlp-ejs
- Required for full YouTube support. Licensed under
Unlicense
, bundles
MIT
and
ISC
components.
A JavaScript runtime/engine like
deno
(recommended),
node.js
bun
, or
QuickJS
is also required to run yt-dlp-ejs. See
the wiki
Networking
certifi
* - Provides Mozilla's root certificate bundle. Licensed under
MPLv2
brotli
* or
brotlicffi
Brotli
content encoding support. Both licensed under MIT
websockets
* - For downloading over websocket. Licensed under
BSD-3-Clause
requests
* - HTTP library. For HTTPS proxy and persistent connections support. Licensed under
Apache-2.0
Impersonation
The following provide support for impersonating browser requests. This may be required for some sites that employ TLS fingerprinting.
curl_cffi
(recommended) - Python binding for
curl-impersonate
. Provides impersonation targets for Chrome, Edge and Safari. Licensed under
MIT
Can be installed with the
curl-cffi
extra, e.g.
pip install "yt-dlp[default,curl-cffi]"
Currently included in most builds
except
yt-dlp
(Unix zipimport binary) and
yt-dlp_x86
(Windows 32-bit)
Metadata
mutagen
* - For
--embed-thumbnail
in certain formats. Licensed under
GPLv2+
AtomicParsley
- For
--embed-thumbnail
in
mp4
m4a
files when
mutagen
ffmpeg
cannot. Licensed under
GPLv2+
xattr
pyxattr
or
setfattr
- For writing xattr metadata (
--xattrs
) on
Mac
and
BSD
. Licensed under
MIT
LGPL2.1
and
GPLv2+
respectively
Misc
pycryptodomex
* - For decrypting AES-128 HLS streams and various other data. Licensed under
BSD-2-Clause
phantomjs
- Used in some extractors where JavaScript needs to be run. No longer used for YouTube. To be deprecated in the near future. Licensed under
BSD-3-Clause
secretstorage
* - For
--cookies-from-browser
to access the
Gnome
keyring while decrypting cookies of
Chromium
-based browsers on
Linux
. Licensed under
BSD-3-Clause
Any external downloader that you want to use with
--downloader
Deprecated
rtmpdump
- For downloading
rtmp
streams. ffmpeg can be used instead with
--downloader ffmpeg
. Licensed under
GPLv2+
mplayer
or
mpv
- For downloading
rstp
mms
streams. ffmpeg can be used instead with
--downloader ffmpeg
. Licensed under
GPLv2+
To use or redistribute the dependencies, you must agree to their respective licensing terms.
The standalone release binaries are built with the Python interpreter and the packages marked with
included.
If you do not have the necessary dependencies for a task you are attempting, yt-dlp will warn you. All the currently available dependencies are visible at the top of the
--verbose
output
COMPILE
Standalone PyInstaller Builds
To build the standalone executable, you must have Python and
pyinstaller
(plus any of yt-dlp's
optional dependencies
if needed). The executable will be built for the same CPU architecture as the Python used.
You can run the following commands:
python devscripts/install_deps.py --include-group pyinstaller
python devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
python -m bundle.pyinstaller
On some systems, you may need to use
py
or
python3
instead of
python
python -m bundle.pyinstaller
accepts any arguments that can be passed to
pyinstaller
, such as
--onefile/-F
or
--onedir/-D
, which is further
documented here
Note
: Pyinstaller versions below 4.4
do not support
Python installed from the Windows store without using a virtual environment.
Important
: Running
pyinstaller
directly
instead of
using
python -m bundle.pyinstaller
is
not
officially supported. This may or may not work correctly.
Platform-independent Binary (UNIX)
You will need the build tools
python
(3.10+),
zip
make
(GNU),
pandoc
* and
pytest
*.
After installing these, simply run
make
You can also run
make yt-dlp
instead to compile only the binary without updating any of the additional files. (The build tools marked with
are not needed for this)
Related scripts
devscripts/install_deps.py
- Install dependencies for yt-dlp.
devscripts/update-version.py
- Update the version number based on the current date.
devscripts/set-variant.py
- Set the build variant of the executable.
devscripts/make_changelog.py
- Create a markdown changelog using short commit messages and update
CONTRIBUTORS
file.
devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
- Create lazy extractors. Running this before building the binaries (any variant) will improve their startup performance. Set the environment variable
YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS
to something nonempty to forcefully disable lazy extractor loading.
Note: See their
--help
for more info.
Forking the project
If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's
build workflow
to automatically build the selected version(s) as artifacts. Alternatively, you can run the
release workflow
or enable the
nightly workflow
to create full (pre-)releases.
USAGE AND OPTIONS
yt-dlp [OPTIONS] [--] URL [URL...]
Tip: Use
CTRL
(or
Command
) to search by keywords
General Options:
-h, --help Print this help text and exit
--version Print program version and exit
-U, --update Update this program to the latest version
--no-update Do not check for updates (default)
--update-to [CHANNEL]@[TAG] Upgrade/downgrade to a specific version.
CHANNEL can be a repository as well. CHANNEL
and TAG default to "stable" and "latest"
respectively if omitted; See "UPDATE" for
details. Supported channels: stable,
nightly, master
-i, --ignore-errors Ignore download and postprocessing errors.
The download will be considered successful
even if the postprocessing fails
--no-abort-on-error Continue with next video on download errors;
e.g. to skip unavailable videos in a
playlist (default)
--abort-on-error Abort downloading of further videos if an
error occurs (Alias: --no-ignore-errors)
--list-extractors List all supported extractors and exit
--extractor-descriptions Output descriptions of all supported
extractors and exit
--use-extractors NAMES Extractor names to use separated by commas.
You can also use regexes, "all", "default"
and "end" (end URL matching); e.g. --ies
"holodex.*,end,youtube". Prefix the name
with a "-" to exclude it, e.g. --ies
default,-generic. Use --list-extractors for
a list of extractor names. (Alias: --ies)
--default-search PREFIX Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. E.g.
"gvsearch2:python" downloads two videos from
google videos for the search term "python".
Use the value "auto" to let yt-dlp guess
("auto_warning" to emit a warning when
guessing). "error" just throws an error. The
default value "fixup_error" repairs broken
URLs, but emits an error if this is not
possible instead of searching
--ignore-config Don't load any more configuration files
except those given to --config-locations.
For backward compatibility, if this option
is found inside the system configuration
file, the user configuration is not loaded.
(Alias: --no-config)
--no-config-locations Do not load any custom configuration files
(default). When given inside a configuration
file, ignore all previous --config-locations
defined in the current file
--config-locations PATH Location of the main configuration file;
either the path to the config or its
containing directory ("-" for stdin). Can be
used multiple times and inside other
configuration files
--plugin-dirs DIR Path to an additional directory to search
for plugins. This option can be used
multiple times to add multiple directories.
Use "default" to search the default plugin
directories (default)
--no-plugin-dirs Clear plugin directories to search,
including defaults and those provided by
previous --plugin-dirs
--js-runtimes RUNTIME[:PATH] Additional JavaScript runtime to enable,
with an optional location for the runtime
(either the path to the binary or its
containing directory). This option can be
used multiple times to enable multiple
runtimes. Supported runtimes are (in order
of priority, from highest to lowest): deno,
node, quickjs, bun. Only "deno" is enabled
by default. The highest priority runtime
that is both enabled and available will be
used. In order to use a lower priority
runtime when "deno" is available, --no-js-
runtimes needs to be passed before enabling
other runtimes
--no-js-runtimes Clear JavaScript runtimes to enable,
including defaults and those provided by
previous --js-runtimes
--remote-components COMPONENT Remote components to allow yt-dlp to fetch
when required. This option is currently not
needed if you are using an official
executable or have the requisite version of
the yt-dlp-ejs package installed. You can
use this option multiple times to allow
multiple components. Supported values:
ejs:npm (external JavaScript components from
npm), ejs:github (external JavaScript
components from yt-dlp-ejs GitHub). By
default, no remote components are allowed
--no-remote-components Disallow fetching of all remote components,
including any previously allowed by
--remote-components or defaults.
--flat-playlist Do not extract a playlist's URL result
entries; some entry metadata may be missing
and downloading may be bypassed
--no-flat-playlist Fully extract the videos of a playlist
(default)
--live-from-start Download livestreams from the start.
Currently experimental and only supported
for YouTube, Twitch, and TVer
--no-live-from-start Download livestreams from the current time
(default)
--wait-for-video MIN[-MAX] Wait for scheduled streams to become
available. Pass the minimum number of
seconds (or range) to wait between retries
--no-wait-for-video Do not wait for scheduled streams (default)
--mark-watched Mark videos watched (even with --simulate)
--no-mark-watched Do not mark videos watched (default)
--color [STREAM:]POLICY Whether to emit color codes in output,
optionally prefixed by the STREAM (stdout or
stderr) to apply the setting to. Can be one
of "always", "auto" (default), "never", or
"no_color" (use non color terminal
sequences). Use "auto-tty" or "no_color-tty"
to decide based on terminal support only.
Can be used multiple times
--compat-options OPTS Options that can help keep compatibility
with youtube-dl or youtube-dlc
configurations by reverting some of the
changes made in yt-dlp. See "Differences in
default behavior" for details
--alias ALIASES OPTIONS Create aliases for an option string. Unless
an alias starts with a dash "-", it is
prefixed with "--". Arguments are parsed
according to the Python string formatting
mini-language. E.g. --alias get-audio,-X "-S
aext:{0},abr -x --audio-format {0}" creates
options "--get-audio" and "-X" that takes an
argument (ARG0) and expands to "-S
aext:ARG0,abr -x --audio-format ARG0". All
defined aliases are listed in the --help
output. Alias options can trigger more
aliases; so be careful to avoid defining
recursive options. As a safety measure, each
alias may be triggered a maximum of 100
times. This option can be used multiple times
-t, --preset-alias PRESET Applies a predefined set of options. e.g.
--preset-alias mp3. The following presets
are available: mp3, aac, mp4, mkv, sleep.
See the "Preset Aliases" section at the end
for more info. This option can be used
multiple times
Network Options:
--proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy. To
enable SOCKS proxy, specify a proper scheme,
e.g. socks5://user:pass@127.0.0.1:1080/.
Pass in an empty string (--proxy "") for
direct connection
--socket-timeout SECONDS Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
--source-address IP Client-side IP address to bind to
--impersonate CLIENT[:OS] Client to impersonate for requests. E.g.
chrome, chrome-110, chrome:windows-10. Pass
--impersonate="" to impersonate any client.
Note that forcing impersonation for all
requests may have a detrimental impact on
download speed and stability
--list-impersonate-targets List available clients to impersonate.
-4, --force-ipv4 Make all connections via IPv4
-6, --force-ipv6 Make all connections via IPv6
--enable-file-urls Enable file:// URLs. This is disabled by
default for security reasons.
Geo-restriction:
--geo-verification-proxy URL Use this proxy to verify the IP address for
some geo-restricted sites. The default proxy
specified by --proxy (or none, if the option
is not present) is used for the actual
downloading
--xff VALUE How to fake X-Forwarded-For HTTP header to
try bypassing geographic restriction. One of
"default" (only when known to be useful),
"never", an IP block in CIDR notation, or a
two-letter ISO 3166-2 country code
Video Selection:
-I, --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC Comma-separated playlist_index of the items
to download. You can specify a range using
"[START]:[STOP][:STEP]". For backward
compatibility, START-STOP is also supported.
Use negative indices to count from the right
and negative STEP to download in reverse
order. E.g. "-I 1:3,7,-5::2" used on a
playlist of size 15 will download the items
at index 1,2,3,7,11,13,15
--min-filesize SIZE Abort download if filesize is smaller than
SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M
--max-filesize SIZE Abort download if filesize is larger than
SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M
--date DATE Download only videos uploaded on this date.
The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format
[now|today|yesterday][-N[day|week|month|year]].
E.g. "--date today-2weeks" downloads only
videos uploaded on the same day two weeks ago
--datebefore DATE Download only videos uploaded on or before
this date. The date formats accepted are the
same as --date
--dateafter DATE Download only videos uploaded on or after
this date. The date formats accepted are the
same as --date
--match-filters FILTER Generic video filter. Any "OUTPUT TEMPLATE"
field can be compared with a number or a
string using the operators defined in
"Filtering Formats". You can also simply
specify a field to match if the field is
present, use "!field" to check if the field
is not present, and "&" to check multiple
conditions. Use a "\" to escape "&" or
quotes if needed. If used multiple times,
the filter matches if at least one of the
conditions is met. E.g. --match-filters
!is_live --match-filters "like_count>?100 &
description~='(?i)\bcats \& dogs\b'" matches
only videos that are not live OR those that
have a like count more than 100 (or the like
field is not available) and also has a
description that contains the phrase "cats &
dogs" (caseless). Use "--match-filters -" to
interactively ask whether to download each
video
--no-match-filters Do not use any --match-filters (default)
--break-match-filters FILTER Same as "--match-filters" but stops the
download process when a video is rejected
--no-break-match-filters Do not use any --break-match-filters (default)
--no-playlist Download only the video, if the URL refers
to a video and a playlist
--yes-playlist Download the playlist, if the URL refers to
a video and a playlist
--age-limit YEARS Download only videos suitable for the given
age
--download-archive FILE Download only videos not listed in the
archive file. Record the IDs of all
downloaded videos in it
--no-download-archive Do not use archive file (default)
--max-downloads NUMBER Abort after downloading NUMBER files
--break-on-existing Stop the download process when encountering
a file that is in the archive supplied with
the --download-archive option
--no-break-on-existing Do not stop the download process when
encountering a file that is in the archive
(default)
--break-per-input Alters --max-downloads, --break-on-existing,
--break-match-filters, and autonumber to
reset per input URL
--no-break-per-input --break-on-existing and similar options
terminates the entire download queue
--skip-playlist-after-errors N Number of allowed failures until the rest of
the playlist is skipped
Download Options:
-N, --concurrent-fragments N Number of fragments of a dash/hlsnative
video that should be downloaded concurrently
(default is 1)
-r, --limit-rate RATE Maximum download rate in bytes per second,
e.g. 50K or 4.2M
--throttled-rate RATE Minimum download rate in bytes per second
below which throttling is assumed and the
video data is re-extracted, e.g. 100K
-R, --retries RETRIES Number of retries (default is 10), or
"infinite"
--file-access-retries RETRIES Number of times to retry on file access
error (default is 3), or "infinite"
--fragment-retries RETRIES Number of retries for a fragment (default is
10), or "infinite" (DASH, hlsnative and ISM)
--retry-sleep [TYPE:]EXPR Time to sleep between retries in seconds
(optionally) prefixed by the type of retry
(http (default), fragment, file_access,
extractor) to apply the sleep to. EXPR can
be a number, linear=START[:END[:STEP=1]] or
exp=START[:END[:BASE=2]]. This option can be
used multiple times to set the sleep for the
different retry types, e.g. --retry-sleep
linear=1::2 --retry-sleep fragment:exp=1:20
--skip-unavailable-fragments Skip unavailable fragments for DASH,
hlsnative and ISM downloads (default)
(Alias: --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragments)
--abort-on-unavailable-fragments
Abort download if a fragment is unavailable
(Alias: --no-skip-unavailable-fragments)
--keep-fragments Keep downloaded fragments on disk after
downloading is finished
--no-keep-fragments Delete downloaded fragments after
downloading is finished (default)
--buffer-size SIZE Size of download buffer, e.g. 1024 or 16K
(default is 1024)
--resize-buffer The buffer size is automatically resized
from an initial value of --buffer-size
(default)
--no-resize-buffer Do not automatically adjust the buffer size
--http-chunk-size SIZE Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP
downloading, e.g. 10485760 or 10M (default
is disabled). May be useful for bypassing
bandwidth throttling imposed by a webserver
(experimental)
--playlist-random Download playlist videos in random order
--lazy-playlist Process entries in the playlist as they are
received. This disables n_entries,
--playlist-random and --playlist-reverse
--no-lazy-playlist Process videos in the playlist only after
the entire playlist is parsed (default)
--hls-use-mpegts Use the mpegts container for HLS videos;
allowing some players to play the video
while downloading, and reducing the chance
of file corruption if download is
interrupted. This is enabled by default for
live streams
--no-hls-use-mpegts Do not use the mpegts container for HLS
videos. This is default when not downloading
live streams
--download-sections REGEX Download only chapters that match the
regular expression. A "*" prefix denotes
time-range instead of chapter. Negative
timestamps are calculated from the end.
"*from-url" can be used to download between
the "start_time" and "end_time" extracted
from the URL. Needs ffmpeg. This option can
be used multiple times to download multiple
sections, e.g. --download-sections
"*10:15-inf" --download-sections "intro"
--downloader [PROTO:]NAME Name or path of the external downloader to
use (optionally) prefixed by the protocols
(http, ftp, m3u8, dash, rstp, rtmp, mms) to
use it for. Currently supports native,
aria2c, axel, curl, ffmpeg, httpie, wget.
You can use this option multiple times to
set different downloaders for different
protocols. E.g. --downloader aria2c
--downloader "dash,m3u8:native" will use
aria2c for http/ftp downloads, and the
native downloader for dash/m3u8 downloads
(Alias: --external-downloader)
--downloader-args NAME:ARGS Give these arguments to the external
downloader. Specify the downloader name and
the arguments separated by a colon ":". For
ffmpeg, arguments can be passed to different
positions using the same syntax as
--postprocessor-args. You can use this
option multiple times to give different
arguments to different downloaders (Alias:
--external-downloader-args)
Filesystem Options:
-a, --batch-file FILE File containing URLs to download ("-" for
stdin), one URL per line. Lines starting
with "#", ";" or "]" are considered as
comments and ignored
--no-batch-file Do not read URLs from batch file (default)
-P, --paths [TYPES:]PATH The paths where the files should be
downloaded. Specify the type of file and the
path separated by a colon ":". All the same
TYPES as --output are supported.
Additionally, you can also provide "home"
(default) and "temp" paths. All intermediary
files are first downloaded to the temp path
and then the final files are moved over to
the home path after download is finished.
This option is ignored if --output is an
absolute path
-o, --output [TYPES:]TEMPLATE Output filename template; see "OUTPUT
TEMPLATE" for details
--output-na-placeholder TEXT Placeholder for unavailable fields in
--output (default: "NA")
--restrict-filenames Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters,
and avoid "&" and spaces in filenames
--no-restrict-filenames Allow Unicode characters, "&" and spaces in
filenames (default)
--windows-filenames Force filenames to be Windows-compatible
--no-windows-filenames Sanitize filenames only minimally
--trim-filenames LENGTH Limit the filename length (excluding
extension) to the specified number of
characters
-w, --no-overwrites Do not overwrite any files
--force-overwrites Overwrite all video and metadata files. This
option includes --no-continue
--no-force-overwrites Do not overwrite the video, but overwrite
related files (default)
-c, --continue Resume partially downloaded files/fragments
(default)
--no-continue Do not resume partially downloaded
fragments. If the file is not fragmented,
restart download of the entire file
--part Use .part files instead of writing directly
into output file (default)
--no-part Do not use .part files - write directly into
output file
--mtime Use the Last-modified header to set the file
modification time
--no-mtime Do not use the Last-modified header to set
the file modification time (default)
--write-description Write video description to a .description file
--no-write-description Do not write video description (default)
--write-info-json Write video metadata to a .info.json file
(this may contain personal information)
--no-write-info-json Do not write video metadata (default)
--write-playlist-metafiles Write playlist metadata in addition to the
video metadata when using --write-info-json,
--write-description etc. (default)
--no-write-playlist-metafiles Do not write playlist metadata when using
--write-info-json, --write-description etc.
--clean-info-json Remove some internal metadata such as
filenames from the infojson (default)
--no-clean-info-json Write all fields to the infojson
--write-comments Retrieve video comments to be placed in the
infojson. The comments are fetched even
without this option if the extraction is
known to be quick (Alias: --get-comments)
--no-write-comments Do not retrieve video comments unless the
extraction is known to be quick (Alias:
--no-get-comments)
--load-info-json FILE JSON file containing the video information
(created with the "--write-info-json" option)
--cookies FILE Netscape formatted file to read cookies from
and dump cookie jar in
--no-cookies Do not read/dump cookies from/to file
(default)
--cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE][::CONTAINER]
The name of the browser to load cookies
from. Currently supported browsers are:
brave, chrome, chromium, edge, firefox,
opera, safari, vivaldi, whale. Optionally,
the KEYRING used for decrypting Chromium
cookies on Linux, the name/path of the
PROFILE to load cookies from, and the
CONTAINER name (if Firefox) ("none" for no
container) can be given with their
respective separators. By default, all
containers of the most recently accessed
profile are used. Currently supported
keyrings are: basictext, gnomekeyring,
kwallet, kwallet5, kwallet6
--no-cookies-from-browser Do not load cookies from browser (default)
--cache-dir DIR Location in the filesystem where yt-dlp can
store some downloaded information (such as
client ids and signatures) permanently. By
default ${XDG_CACHE_HOME}/yt-dlp
--no-cache-dir Disable filesystem caching
--rm-cache-dir Delete all filesystem cache files
Thumbnail Options:
--write-thumbnail Write thumbnail image to disk
--no-write-thumbnail Do not write thumbnail image to disk (default)
--write-all-thumbnails Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
--list-thumbnails List available thumbnails of each video.
Simulate unless --no-simulate is used
Internet Shortcut Options:
--write-link Write an internet shortcut file, depending
on the current platform (.url, .webloc or
.desktop). The URL may be cached by the OS
--write-url-link Write a .url Windows internet shortcut. The
OS caches the URL based on the file path
--write-webloc-link Write a .webloc macOS internet shortcut
--write-desktop-link Write a .desktop Linux internet shortcut
Verbosity and Simulation Options:
-q, --quiet Activate quiet mode. If used with --verbose,
print the log to stderr
--no-quiet Deactivate quiet mode. (Default)
--no-warnings Ignore warnings
-s, --simulate Do not download the video and do not write
anything to disk
--no-simulate Download the video even if printing/listing
options are used
--ignore-no-formats-error Ignore "No video formats" error. Useful for
extracting metadata even if the videos are
not actually available for download
(experimental)
--no-ignore-no-formats-error Throw error when no downloadable video
formats are found (default)
--skip-download Do not download the video but write all
related files (Alias: --no-download)
-O, --print [WHEN:]TEMPLATE Field name or output template to print to
screen, optionally prefixed with when to
print it, separated by a ":". Supported
values of "WHEN" are the same as that of
--use-postprocessor (default: video).
Implies --quiet. Implies --simulate unless
--no-simulate or later stages of WHEN are
used. This option can be used multiple times
--print-to-file [WHEN:]TEMPLATE FILE
Append given template to the file. The
values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are the same as
that of --print. FILE uses the same syntax
as the output template. This option can be
used multiple times
-j, --dump-json Quiet, but print JSON information for each
video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is
used. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a
description of available keys
-J, --dump-single-json Quiet, but print JSON information for each
URL or infojson passed. Simulate unless
--no-simulate is used. If the URL refers to
a playlist, the whole playlist information
is dumped in a single line
--force-write-archive Force download archive entries to be written
as far as no errors occur, even if -s or
another simulation option is used (Alias:
--force-download-archive)
--newline Output progress bar as new lines
--no-progress Do not print progress bar
--progress Show progress bar, even if in quiet mode
--console-title Display progress in console titlebar
--progress-template [TYPES:]TEMPLATE
Template for progress outputs, optionally
prefixed with one of "download:" (default),
"download-title:" (the console title),
"postprocess:", or "postprocess-title:".
The video's fields are accessible under the
"info" key and the progress attributes are
accessible under "progress" key. E.g.
--console-title --progress-template
"download-title:%(info.id)s-%(progress.eta)s"
--progress-delta SECONDS Time between progress output (default: 0)
-v, --verbose Print various debugging information
--dump-pages Print downloaded pages encoded using base64
to debug problems (very verbose)
--write-pages Write downloaded intermediary pages to files
in the current directory to debug problems
--print-traffic Display sent and read HTTP traffic
Workarounds:
--encoding ENCODING Force the specified encoding (experimental)
--legacy-server-connect Explicitly allow HTTPS connection to servers
that do not support RFC 5746 secure
renegotiation
--no-check-certificates Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
--prefer-insecure Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve
information about the video (Currently
supported only for YouTube)
--add-headers FIELD:VALUE Specify a custom HTTP header and its value,
separated by a colon ":". You can use this
option multiple times
--bidi-workaround Work around terminals that lack
bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv
or fribidi executable in PATH
--sleep-requests SECONDS Number of seconds to sleep between requests
during data extraction
--sleep-interval SECONDS Number of seconds to sleep before each
download. This is the minimum time to sleep
when used along with --max-sleep-interval
(Alias: --min-sleep-interval)
--max-sleep-interval SECONDS Maximum number of seconds to sleep. Can only
be used along with --min-sleep-interval
--sleep-subtitles SECONDS Number of seconds to sleep before each
subtitle download
Video Format Options:
-f, --format FORMAT Video format code, see "FORMAT SELECTION"
for more details
-S, --format-sort SORTORDER Sort the formats by the fields given, see
"Sorting Formats" for more details
--format-sort-reset Disregard previous user specified sort order
and reset to the default
--format-sort-force Force user specified sort order to have
precedence over all fields, see "Sorting
Formats" for more details (Alias: --S-force)
--no-format-sort-force Some fields have precedence over the user
specified sort order (default)
--video-multistreams Allow multiple video streams to be merged
into a single file
--no-video-multistreams Only one video stream is downloaded for each
output file (default)
--audio-multistreams Allow multiple audio streams to be merged
into a single file
--no-audio-multistreams Only one audio stream is downloaded for each
output file (default)
--prefer-free-formats Prefer video formats with free containers
over non-free ones of the same quality. Use
with "-S ext" to strictly prefer free
containers irrespective of quality
--no-prefer-free-formats Don't give any special preference to free
containers (default)
--check-formats Make sure formats are selected only from
those that are actually downloadable
--check-all-formats Check all formats for whether they are
actually downloadable
--no-check-formats Do not check that the formats are actually
downloadable
-F, --list-formats List available formats of each video.
Simulate unless --no-simulate is used
--merge-output-format FORMAT Containers that may be used when merging
formats, separated by "/", e.g. "mp4/mkv".
Ignored if no merge is required. (currently
supported: avi, flv, mkv, mov, mp4, webm)
Subtitle Options:
--write-subs Write subtitle file
--no-write-subs Do not write subtitle file (default)
--write-auto-subs Write automatically generated subtitle file
(Alias: --write-automatic-subs)
--no-write-auto-subs Do not write auto-generated subtitles
(default) (Alias: --no-write-automatic-subs)
--list-subs List available subtitles of each video.
Simulate unless --no-simulate is used
--sub-format FORMAT Subtitle format; accepts formats preference
separated by "/", e.g. "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
--sub-langs LANGS Languages of the subtitles to download (can
be regex) or "all" separated by commas, e.g.
--sub-langs "en.*,ja" (where "en.*" is a
regex pattern that matches "en" followed by
0 or more of any character). You can prefix
the language code with a "-" to exclude it
from the requested languages, e.g. --sub-
langs all,-live_chat. Use --list-subs for a
list of available language tags
Authentication Options:
-u, --username USERNAME Login with this account ID
-p, --password PASSWORD Account password. If this option is left
out, yt-dlp will ask interactively
-2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR Two-factor authentication code
-n, --netrc Use .netrc authentication data
--netrc-location PATH Location of .netrc authentication data;
either the path or its containing directory.
Defaults to ~/.netrc
--netrc-cmd NETRC_CMD Command to execute to get the credentials
for an extractor.
--video-password PASSWORD Video-specific password
--ap-mso MSO Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV
provider) identifier, use --ap-list-mso for
a list of available MSOs
--ap-username USERNAME Multiple-system operator account login
--ap-password PASSWORD Multiple-system operator account password.
If this option is left out, yt-dlp will ask
interactively
--ap-list-mso List all supported multiple-system operators
--client-certificate CERTFILE Path to client certificate file in PEM
format. May include the private key
--client-certificate-key KEYFILE
Path to private key file for client
certificate
--client-certificate-password PASSWORD
Password for client certificate private key,
if encrypted. If not provided, and the key
is encrypted, yt-dlp will ask interactively
Post-Processing Options:
-x, --extract-audio Convert video files to audio-only files
(requires ffmpeg and ffprobe)
--audio-format FORMAT Format to convert the audio to when -x is
used. (currently supported: best (default),
aac, alac, flac, m4a, mp3, opus, vorbis,
wav). You can specify multiple rules using
similar syntax as --remux-video
--audio-quality QUALITY Specify ffmpeg audio quality to use when
converting the audio with -x. Insert a value
between 0 (best) and 10 (worst) for VBR or a
specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)
--remux-video FORMAT Remux the video into another container if
necessary (currently supported: avi, flv,
gif, mkv, mov, mp4, webm, aac, aiff, alac,
flac, m4a, mka, mp3, ogg, opus, vorbis,
wav). If the target container does not
support the video/audio codec, remuxing will
fail. You can specify multiple rules; e.g.
"aac>m4a/mov>mp4/mkv" will remux aac to m4a,
mov to mp4 and anything else to mkv
--recode-video FORMAT Re-encode the video into another format if
necessary. The syntax and supported formats
are the same as --remux-video
--postprocessor-args NAME:ARGS Give these arguments to the postprocessors.
Specify the postprocessor/executable name
and the arguments separated by a colon ":"
to give the argument to the specified
postprocessor/executable. Supported PP are:
Merger, ModifyChapters, SplitChapters,
ExtractAudio, VideoRemuxer, VideoConvertor,
Metadata, EmbedSubtitle, EmbedThumbnail,
SubtitlesConvertor, ThumbnailsConvertor,
FixupStretched, FixupM4a, FixupM3u8,
FixupTimestamp and FixupDuration. The
supported executables are: AtomicParsley,
FFmpeg and FFprobe. You can also specify
"PP+EXE:ARGS" to give the arguments to the
specified executable only when being used by
the specified postprocessor. Additionally,
for ffmpeg/ffprobe, "_i"/"_o" can be
appended to the prefix optionally followed
by a number to pass the argument before the
specified input/output file, e.g. --ppa
"Merger+ffmpeg_i1:-v quiet". You can use
this option multiple times to give different
arguments to different postprocessors.
(Alias: --ppa)
-k, --keep-video Keep the intermediate video file on disk
after post-processing
--no-keep-video Delete the intermediate video file after
post-processing (default)
--post-overwrites Overwrite post-processed files (default)
--no-post-overwrites Do not overwrite post-processed files
--embed-subs Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4,
webm and mkv videos)
--no-embed-subs Do not embed subtitles (default)
--embed-thumbnail Embed thumbnail in the video as cover art
--no-embed-thumbnail Do not embed thumbnail (default)
--embed-metadata Embed metadata to the video file. Also
embeds chapters/infojson if present unless
--no-embed-chapters/--no-embed-info-json are
used (Alias: --add-metadata)
--no-embed-metadata Do not add metadata to file (default)
(Alias: --no-add-metadata)
--embed-chapters Add chapter markers to the video file
(Alias: --add-chapters)
--no-embed-chapters Do not add chapter markers (default) (Alias:
--no-add-chapters)
--embed-info-json Embed the infojson as an attachment to
mkv/mka video files
--no-embed-info-json Do not embed the infojson as an attachment
to the video file
--parse-metadata [WHEN:]FROM:TO
Parse additional metadata like title/artist
from other fields; see "MODIFYING METADATA"
for details. Supported values of "WHEN" are
the same as that of --use-postprocessor
(default: pre_process)
--replace-in-metadata [WHEN:]FIELDS REGEX REPLACE
Replace text in a metadata field using the
given regex. This option can be used
multiple times. Supported values of "WHEN"
are the same as that of --use-postprocessor
(default: pre_process)
--xattrs Write metadata to the video file's xattrs
(using Dublin Core and XDG standards)
--concat-playlist POLICY Concatenate videos in a playlist. One of
"never", "always", or "multi_video"
(default; only when the videos form a single
show). All the video files must have the
same codecs and number of streams to be
concatenable. The "pl_video:" prefix can be
used with "--paths" and "--output" to set
the output filename for the concatenated
files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details
--fixup POLICY Automatically correct known faults of the
file. One of never (do nothing), warn (only
emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the
default; fix the file if we can, warn
otherwise), force (try fixing even if the
file already exists)
--ffmpeg-location PATH Location of the ffmpeg binary; either the
path to the binary or its containing directory
--exec [WHEN:]CMD Execute a command, optionally prefixed with
when to execute it, separated by a ":".
Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as
that of --use-postprocessor (default:
after_move). The same syntax as the output
template can be used to pass any field as
arguments to the command. If no fields are
passed, %(filepath,_filename|)q is appended
to the end of the command. This option can
be used multiple times
--no-exec Remove any previously defined --exec
--convert-subs FORMAT Convert the subtitles to another format
(currently supported: ass, lrc, srt, vtt).
Use "--convert-subs none" to disable
conversion (default) (Alias: --convert-
subtitles)
--convert-thumbnails FORMAT Convert the thumbnails to another format
(currently supported: jpg, png, webp). You
can specify multiple rules using similar
syntax as "--remux-video". Use "--convert-
thumbnails none" to disable conversion
(default)
--split-chapters Split video into multiple files based on
internal chapters. The "chapter:" prefix can
be used with "--paths" and "--output" to set
the output filename for the split files. See
"OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details
--no-split-chapters Do not split video based on chapters (default)
--remove-chapters REGEX Remove chapters whose title matches the
given regular expression. The syntax is the
same as --download-sections. This option can
be used multiple times
--no-remove-chapters Do not remove any chapters from the file
(default)
--force-keyframes-at-cuts Force keyframes at cuts when
downloading/splitting/removing sections.
This is slow due to needing a re-encode, but
the resulting video may have fewer artifacts
around the cuts
--no-force-keyframes-at-cuts Do not force keyframes around the chapters
when cutting/splitting (default)
--use-postprocessor NAME[:ARGS]
The (case-sensitive) name of plugin
postprocessors to be enabled, and
(optionally) arguments to be passed to it,
separated by a colon ":". ARGS are a
semicolon ";" delimited list of NAME=VALUE.
The "when" argument determines when the
postprocessor is invoked. It can be one of
"pre_process" (after video extraction),
"after_filter" (after video passes filter),
"video" (after --format; before
--print/--output), "before_dl" (before each
video download), "post_process" (after each
video download; default), "after_move"
(after moving the video file to its final
location), "after_video" (after downloading
and processing all formats of a video), or
"playlist" (at end of playlist). This option
can be used multiple times to add different
postprocessors
SponsorBlock Options:
Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
introductions, etc.) from downloaded YouTube videos using the
SponsorBlock API
--sponsorblock-mark CATS SponsorBlock categories to create chapters
for, separated by commas. Available
categories are sponsor, intro, outro,
selfpromo, preview, filler, interaction,
music_offtopic, hook, poi_highlight,
chapter, all and default (=all). You can
prefix the category with a "-" to exclude
it. See [1] for descriptions of the
categories. E.g. --sponsorblock-mark
all,-preview
[1] https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Segment_Categories
--sponsorblock-remove CATS SponsorBlock categories to be removed from
the video file, separated by commas. If a
category is present in both mark and remove,
remove takes precedence. The syntax and
available categories are the same as for
--sponsorblock-mark except that "default"
refers to "all,-filler" and poi_highlight,
chapter are not available
--sponsorblock-chapter-title TEMPLATE
An output template for the title of the
SponsorBlock chapters created by
--sponsorblock-mark. The only available
fields are start_time, end_time, category,
categories, name, category_names. Defaults
to "[SponsorBlock]: %(category_names)l"
--no-sponsorblock Disable both --sponsorblock-mark and
--sponsorblock-remove
--sponsorblock-api URL SponsorBlock API location, defaults to
Extractor Options:
--extractor-retries RETRIES Number of retries for known extractor errors
(default is 3), or "infinite"
--allow-dynamic-mpd Process dynamic DASH manifests (default)
(Alias: --no-ignore-dynamic-mpd)
--ignore-dynamic-mpd Do not process dynamic DASH manifests
(Alias: --no-allow-dynamic-mpd)
--hls-split-discontinuity Split HLS playlists to different formats at
discontinuities such as ad breaks
--no-hls-split-discontinuity Do not split HLS playlists into different
formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks
(default)
--extractor-args IE_KEY:ARGS Pass ARGS arguments to the IE_KEY extractor.
See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. You
can use this option multiple times to give
arguments for different extractors
Preset Aliases:
Predefined aliases for convenience and ease of use. Note that future
versions of yt-dlp may add or adjust presets, but the existing preset
names will not be changed or removed
-t mp3 -f 'ba[acodec^=mp3]/ba/b' -x --audio-format
mp3

-t aac -f
'ba[acodec^=aac]/ba[acodec^=mp4a.40.]/ba/b'
-x --audio-format aac

-t mp4 --merge-output-format mp4 --remux-video mp4
-S vcodec:h264,lang,quality,res,fps,hdr:12,a
codec:aac

-t mkv --merge-output-format mkv --remux-video mkv

-t sleep --sleep-subtitles 5 --sleep-requests 0.75
--sleep-interval 10 --max-sleep-interval 20
CONFIGURATION
You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option in a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:
Main Configuration
The file given to
--config-locations
Portable Configuration
: (Recommended for portable installations)
If using a binary,
yt-dlp.conf
in the same directory as the binary
If running from source-code,
yt-dlp.conf
in the parent directory of
yt_dlp
Home Configuration
yt-dlp.conf
in the home path given to
-P
If
-P
is not given, the current directory is searched
User Configuration
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp.conf
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/config
(recommended on Linux/macOS)
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/config.txt
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp.conf
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/config
(recommended on Windows)
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/config.txt
~/yt-dlp.conf
~/yt-dlp.conf.txt
~/.yt-dlp/config
~/.yt-dlp/config.txt
See also:
Notes about environment variables
System Configuration
/etc/yt-dlp.conf
/etc/yt-dlp/config
/etc/yt-dlp/config.txt
E.g. with the following configuration file, yt-dlp will always extract the audio, copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under
directory in your home directory:
# Lines starting with # are comments

# Always extract audio
-x

# Copy the mtime
--mtime

# Use this proxy
--proxy 127.0.0.1:3128

# Save all videos under YouTube directory in your home directory
-o ~/YouTube/%(title)s.%(ext)s
Note
: Options in a configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there
must be no whitespace
after
or
--
, e.g.
-o
or
--proxy
but not
- o
or
-- proxy
. They must also be quoted when necessary, as if it were a UNIX shell.
You can use
--ignore-config
if you want to disable all configuration files for a particular yt-dlp run. If
--ignore-config
is found inside any configuration file, no further configuration will be loaded. For example, having the option in the portable configuration file prevents loading of home, user, and system configurations. Additionally, (for backward compatibility) if
--ignore-config
is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded.
Configuration file encoding
The configuration files are decoded according to the UTF BOM if present, and in the encoding from system locale otherwise.
If you want your file to be decoded differently, add
# coding: ENCODING
to the beginning of the file (e.g.
# coding: shift-jis
). There must be no characters before that, even spaces or BOM.
Authentication with netrc
You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with
--username
and
--password
) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every yt-dlp execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a
.netrc
file
on a per-extractor basis. For that, you will need to create a
.netrc
file in
--netrc-location
and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
touch ${HOME}/.netrc
chmod a-rwx,u+rw ${HOME}/.netrc
After that, you can add credentials for an extractor in the following format, where
extractor
is the name of the extractor in lowercase:
machine login password
E.g.
machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
To activate authentication with the
.netrc
file you should pass
--netrc
to yt-dlp or place it in the
configuration file
The default location of the .netrc file is
(see below).
As an alternative to using the
.netrc
file, which has the disadvantage of keeping your passwords in a plain text file, you can configure a custom shell command to provide the credentials for an extractor. This is done by providing the
--netrc-cmd
parameter, it shall output the credentials in the netrc format and return
on success, other values will be treated as an error.
{}
in the command will be replaced by the name of the extractor to make it possible to select the credentials for the right extractor.
E.g. To use an encrypted
.netrc
file stored as
.authinfo.gpg
yt-dlp --netrc-cmd 'gpg --decrypt ~/.authinfo.gpg' 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
Notes about environment variables
Environment variables are normally specified as
${VARIABLE}
$VARIABLE
on UNIX and
%VARIABLE%
on Windows; but is always shown as
${VARIABLE}
in this documentation
yt-dlp also allows using UNIX-style variables on Windows for path-like options; e.g.
--output
--config-locations
If unset,
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}
defaults to
~/.config
and
${XDG_CACHE_HOME}
to
~/.cache
On Windows,
points to
${HOME}
if present; or,
${USERPROFILE}
or
${HOMEDRIVE}${HOMEPATH}
otherwise
On Windows,
${USERPROFILE}
generally points to
C:\Users\
and
${APPDATA}
to
${USERPROFILE}\AppData\Roaming
OUTPUT TEMPLATE
The
-o
option is used to indicate a template for the output file names while
-P
option is used to specify the path each type of file should be saved to.
tl;dr:
navigate me to examples
The simplest usage of
-o
is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in
yt-dlp -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video"
(hard-coding file extension like this is
not
recommended and could break some post-processing).
It may however also contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to
Python string formatting operations
, e.g.
%(NAME)s
or
%(NAME)05d
. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by formatting operations.
The field names themselves (the part inside the parenthesis) can also have some special formatting:
Object traversal
: The dictionaries and lists available in metadata can be traversed by using a dot
separator; e.g.
%(tags.0)s
%(subtitles.en.-1.ext)s
. You can do Python slicing with colon
; E.g.
%(id.3:7)s
%(id.6:2:-1)s
%(formats.:.format_id)s
. Curly braces
{}
can be used to build dictionaries with only specific keys; e.g.
%(formats.:.{format_id,height})#j
. An empty field name
%()s
refers to the entire infodict; e.g.
%(.{id,title})s
. Note that all the fields that become available using this method are not listed below. Use
-j
to see such fields
Arithmetic
: Simple arithmetic can be done on numeric fields using
and
. E.g.
%(playlist_index+10)03d
%(n_entries+1-playlist_index)d
Date/time Formatting
: Date/time fields can be formatted according to
strftime formatting
by specifying it separated from the field name using a
. E.g.
%(duration>%H-%M-%S)s
%(upload_date>%Y-%m-%d)s
%(epoch-3600>%H-%M-%S)s
Alternatives
: Alternate fields can be specified separated with a
. E.g.
%(release_date>%Y,upload_date>%Y|Unknown)s
Replacement
: A replacement value can be specified using a
separator according to the
str.format
mini-language
. If the field is
not
empty, this replacement value will be used instead of the actual field content. This is done after alternate fields are considered; thus the replacement is used if
any
of the alternative fields is
not
empty. E.g.
%(chapters&has chapters|no chapters)s
%(title&TITLE={:>20}|NO TITLE)s
Default
: A literal default value can be specified for when the field is empty using a
separator. This overrides
--output-na-placeholder
. E.g.
%(uploader|Unknown)s
More Conversions
: In addition to the normal format types
diouxXeEfFgGcrs
, yt-dlp additionally supports converting to
ytes,
son (flag
for pretty-printing,
for Unicode),
= HTML escaping,
= a comma-separated
ist (flag
for
\n
newline-separated),
= a string
uoted for the terminal (flag
to split a list into different arguments),
= add
ecimal suffixes (e.g. 10M) (flag
to use 1024 as factor), and
anitize as filename (flag
for restricted)
Unicode normalization
: The format type
can be used for NFC
Unicode normalization
. The alternate form flag (
) changes the normalization to NFD and the conversion flag
can be used for NFKC/NFKD compatibility equivalence normalization. E.g.
%(title)+.100U
is NFKC
To summarize, the general syntax for a field is:
%(name[.keys][addition][>strf][,alternate][&replacement][|default])[flags][width][.precision][length]type
Additionally, you can set different output templates for the various metadata files separately from the general output template by specifying the type of file followed by the template separated by a colon
. The different file types supported are
subtitle
thumbnail
description
annotation
(deprecated),
infojson
link
pl_thumbnail
pl_description
pl_infojson
chapter
pl_video
. E.g.
-o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "thumbnail:%(title)s\%(title)s.%(ext)s"
will put the thumbnails in a folder with the same name as the video. If any of the templates is empty, that type of file will not be written. E.g.
--write-thumbnail -o "thumbnail:"
will write thumbnails only for playlists and not for video.
Note
: Due to post-processing (i.e. merging etc.), the actual output filename might differ. Use
--print after_move:filepath
to get the name after all post-processing is complete.
The available fields are:
id
(string): Video identifier
title
(string): Video title
fulltitle
(string): Video title ignoring live timestamp and generic title
ext
(string): Video filename extension
alt_title
(string): A secondary title of the video
description
(string): The description of the video
display_id
(string): An alternative identifier for the video
uploader
(string): Full name of the video uploader
uploader_id
(string): Nickname or id of the video uploader
uploader_url
(string): URL to the video uploader's profile
license
(string): License name the video is licensed under
creators
(list): The creators of the video
creator
(string): The creators of the video; comma-separated
timestamp
(numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available
upload_date
(string): Video upload date in UTC (YYYYMMDD)
release_timestamp
(numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was released
release_date
(string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released in UTC
release_year
(numeric): Year (YYYY) when the video or album was released
modified_timestamp
(numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was last modified
modified_date
(string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was last modified in UTC
channel
(string): Full name of the channel the video is uploaded on
channel_id
(string): Id of the channel
channel_url
(string): URL of the channel
channel_follower_count
(numeric): Number of followers of the channel
channel_is_verified
(boolean): Whether the channel is verified on the platform
location
(string): Physical location where the video was filmed
duration
(numeric): Length of the video in seconds
duration_string
(string): Length of the video (HH:mm:ss)
view_count
(numeric): How many users have watched the video on the platform
concurrent_view_count
(numeric): How many users are currently watching the video on the platform.
like_count
(numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
dislike_count
(numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video
repost_count
(numeric): Number of reposts of the video
average_rating
(numeric): Average rating given by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
comment_count
(numeric): Number of comments on the video (For some extractors, comments are only downloaded at the end, and so this field cannot be used)
save_count
(numeric): Number of times the video has been saved or bookmarked
age_limit
(numeric): Age restriction for the video (years)
live_status
(string): One of "not_live", "is_live", "is_upcoming", "was_live", "post_live" (was live, but VOD is not yet processed)
is_live
(boolean): Whether this video is a live stream or a fixed-length video
was_live
(boolean): Whether this video was originally a live stream
playable_in_embed
(string): Whether this video is allowed to play in embedded players on other sites
availability
(string): Whether the video is "private", "premium_only", "subscriber_only", "needs_auth", "unlisted" or "public"
media_type
(string): The type of media as classified by the site, e.g. "episode", "clip", "trailer"
start_time
(numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should start, as specified in the URL
end_time
(numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as specified in the URL
extractor
(string): Name of the extractor
extractor_key
(string): Key name of the extractor
epoch
(numeric): Unix epoch of when the information extraction was completed
autonumber
(numeric): Number that will be increased with each download, starting at
--autonumber-start
, padded with leading zeros to 5 digits
video_autonumber
(numeric): Number that will be increased with each video
n_entries
(numeric): Total number of extracted items in the playlist
playlist_id
(string): Identifier of the playlist that contains the video
playlist_title
(string): Name of the playlist that contains the video
playlist
(string):
playlist_title
if available or else
playlist_id
playlist_count
(numeric): Total number of items in the playlist. May not be known if entire playlist is not extracted
playlist_index
(numeric): Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according the final index
playlist_autonumber
(numeric): Position of the video in the playlist download queue padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
playlist_uploader
(string): Full name of the playlist uploader
playlist_uploader_id
(string): Nickname or id of the playlist uploader
playlist_channel
(string): Display name of the channel that uploaded the playlist
playlist_channel_id
(string): Identifier of the channel that uploaded the playlist
playlist_webpage_url
(string): URL of the playlist webpage
webpage_url
(string): A URL to the video webpage which, if given to yt-dlp, should yield the same result again
webpage_url_basename
(string): The basename of the webpage URL
webpage_url_domain
(string): The domain of the webpage URL
original_url
(string): The URL given by the user (or the same as
webpage_url
for playlist entries)
categories
(list): List of categories the video belongs to
tags
(list): List of tags assigned to the video
cast
(list): List of cast members
All the fields in
Filtering Formats
can also be used
Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:
chapter
(string): Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to
chapter_number
(numeric): Number of the chapter the video belongs to
chapter_id
(string): Id of the chapter the video belongs to
Available for the video that is an episode of some series or program:
series
(string): Title of the series or program the video episode belongs to
series_id
(string): Id of the series or program the video episode belongs to
season
(string): Title of the season the video episode belongs to
season_number
(numeric): Number of the season the video episode belongs to
season_id
(string): Id of the season the video episode belongs to
episode
(string): Title of the video episode
episode_number
(numeric): Number of the video episode within a season
episode_id
(string): Id of the video episode
Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album:
track
(string): Title of the track
track_number
(numeric): Number of the track within an album or a disc
track_id
(string): Id of the track
artists
(list): Artist(s) of the track
artist
(string): Artist(s) of the track; comma-separated
genres
(list): Genre(s) of the track
genre
(string): Genre(s) of the track; comma-separated
composers
(list): Composer(s) of the piece
composer
(string): Composer(s) of the piece; comma-separated
album
(string): Title of the album the track belongs to
album_type
(string): Type of the album
album_artists
(list): All artists appeared on the album
album_artist
(string): All artists appeared on the album; comma-separated
disc_number
(numeric): Number of the disc or other physical medium the track belongs to
Available only when using
--download-sections
and for
chapter:
prefix when using
--split-chapters
for videos with internal chapters:
section_title
(string): Title of the chapter
section_number
(numeric): Number of the chapter within the file
section_start
(numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds
section_end
(numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds
Available only when used in
--print
urls
(string): The URLs of all requested formats, one in each line
filename
(string): Name of the video file. Note that the
actual filename may differ
formats_table
(table): The video format table as printed by
--list-formats
thumbnails_table
(table): The thumbnail format table as printed by
--list-thumbnails
subtitles_table
(table): The subtitle format table as printed by
--list-subs
automatic_captions_table
(table): The automatic subtitle format table as printed by
--list-subs
Available only after the video is downloaded (
post_process
after_move
):
filepath
: Actual path of downloaded video file
Available only in
--sponsorblock-chapter-title
start_time
(numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds
end_time
(numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds
categories
(list): The
SponsorBlock categories
the chapter belongs to
category
(string): The smallest SponsorBlock category the chapter belongs to
category_names
(list): Friendly names of the categories
name
(string): Friendly name of the smallest category
type
(string): The
SponsorBlock action type
of the chapter
Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. E.g. for
-o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s
and an mp4 video with title
yt-dlp test video
and id
BaW_jenozKc
, this will result in a
yt-dlp test video-BaW_jenozKc.mp4
file created in the current directory.
Note
: Some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present, since they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such sequences will be replaced with placeholder value provided with
--output-na-placeholder
NA
by default).
Tip
: Look at the
-j
output to identify which fields are available for the particular URL
For numeric sequences, you can use
numeric related formatting
; e.g.
%(view_count)05d
will result in a string with view count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in
00042
Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g.
-o "%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s"
which will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.
To use percent literals in an output template use
%%
. To output to stdout use
-o -
The current default template is
%(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s
In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the
--restrict-filenames
flag to get a shorter title.
Output template examples
$ yt-dlp --print filename -o
test video.%(ext)s
BaW_jenozKc
test
video.webm
Literal name with correct extension
$ yt-dlp --print filename -o
%(title)s.%(ext)s
BaW_jenozKc
youtube-dl
test
video
_ä↭𝕐.webm
All kinds of weird characters
$ yt-dlp --print filename -o
%(title)s.%(ext)s
BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
youtube-dl_test_video_.webm
Restricted file name
Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
$ yt-dlp -o
%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s
Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directories according to their uploaded year
$ yt-dlp -o
%(upload_date>%Y)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s
Prefix playlist index with " - " separator, but only if it is available
$ yt-dlp -o
%(playlist_index&{} - |)s%(title)s.%(ext)s
BaW_jenozKc
Download all playlists of YouTube channel/user keeping each playlist in separate directory:
$ yt-dlp -o
%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s
Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
$ yt-dlp -u user -p password -P
~/MyVideos
-o
%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s
Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
$ yt-dlp -P
C:/MyVideos
-o
%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s
Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext", subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\subs\uploader\title.ext"
and put all temporary files in "C:\MyVideos\tmp"
$ yt-dlp -P
C:/MyVideos
-P
temp:tmp
-P
subtitle:subs
-o
%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s
BaW_jenozKc --write-subs
Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext" and subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\subs\title.ext"
$ yt-dlp -P
C:/MyVideos
-o
%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s
-o
subtitle:%(uploader)s/subs/%(title)s.%(ext)s
BaW_jenozKc --write-subs
Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
$ yt-dlp -o - BaW_jenozKc
FORMAT SELECTION
By default, yt-dlp tries to download the best available quality if you
don't
pass any options.
This is generally equivalent to using
-f bestvideo*+bestaudio/best
. However, if multiple audiostreams is enabled (
--audio-multistreams
), the default format changes to
-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best
. Similarly, if ffmpeg is unavailable, or if you use yt-dlp to stream to
stdout
-o -
), the default becomes
-f best/bestvideo+bestaudio
Deprecation warning
: Latest versions of yt-dlp can stream multiple formats to the stdout simultaneously using ffmpeg. So, in future versions, the default for this will be set to
-f bv*+ba/b
similar to normal downloads. If you want to preserve the
-f b/bv+ba
setting, it is recommended to explicitly specify it in the configuration options.
The general syntax for format selection is
-f FORMAT
(or
--format FORMAT
) where
FORMAT
is a
selector expression
, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download.
tl;dr:
navigate me to examples
The simplest case is requesting a specific format; e.g. with
-f 22
you can download the format with format code equal to 22. You can get the list of available format codes for particular video using
--list-formats
or
-F
. Note that these format codes are extractor specific.
You can also use a file extension (currently
3gp
aac
flv
m4a
mp3
mp4
ogg
wav
webm
are supported) to download the best quality format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g.
-f webm
will download the best quality format with the
webm
extension served as a single file.
You can use
-f -
to interactively provide the format selector
for each video
You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:
all
: Select
all formats
separately
mergeall
: Select and
merge all formats
(Must be used with
--audio-multistreams
--video-multistreams
or both)
b*
best*
: Select the best quality format that
contains either
a video or an audio or both (i.e.;
vcodec!=none or acodec!=none
best
: Select the best quality format that
contains both
video and audio. Equivalent to
best*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]
bv
bestvideo
: Select the best quality
video-only
format. Equivalent to
best*[acodec=none]
bv*
bestvideo*
: Select the best quality format that
contains video
. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to
best*[vcodec!=none]
ba
bestaudio
: Select the best quality
audio-only
format. Equivalent to
best*[vcodec=none]
ba*
bestaudio*
: Select the best quality format that
contains audio
. It may also contain video. Equivalent to
best*[acodec!=none]
Do not use!
w*
worst*
: Select the worst quality format that contains either a video or an audio
worst
: Select the worst quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to
worst*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]
wv
worstvideo
: Select the worst quality video-only format. Equivalent to
worst*[acodec=none]
wv*
worstvideo*
: Select the worst quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to
worst*[vcodec!=none]
wa
worstaudio
: Select the worst quality audio-only format. Equivalent to
worst*[vcodec=none]
wa*
worstaudio*
: Select the worst quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to
worst*[acodec!=none]
For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use
-f worstvideo
. It is, however, recommended not to use
worst
and related options. When your format selector is
worst
, the format which is worst in all respects is selected. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use
-S +size
or more rigorously,
-S +size,+br,+res,+fps
instead of
-f worst
. See
Sorting Formats
for more details.
You can select the n'th best format of a type by using
best.
. For example,
best.2
will select the 2nd best combined format. Similarly,
bv*.3
will select the 3rd best format that contains a video stream.
If you want to download multiple videos, and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that formats on the left hand side are preferred; e.g.
-f 22/17/18
will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as a separator, e.g.
-f 22,17,18
will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature:
-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio
You can merge the video and audio of multiple formats into a single file using
-f ++...
(requires ffmpeg installed); e.g.
-f bestvideo+bestaudio
will download the best video-only format, the best audio-only format and mux them together with ffmpeg.
Deprecation warning
: Since the
below
described behavior is complex and counter-intuitive, this will be removed and multistreams will be enabled by default in the future. A new operator will be instead added to limit formats to single audio/video
Unless
--video-multistreams
is used, all formats with a video stream except the first one are ignored. Similarly, unless
--audio-multistreams
is used, all formats with an audio stream except the first one are ignored. E.g.
-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --video-multistreams --audio-multistreams
will download and merge all 3 given formats. The resulting file will have 2 video streams and 2 audio streams. But
-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --no-video-multistreams
will download and merge only
bestvideo
and
bestaudio
best
is ignored since another format containing a video stream (
bestvideo
) has already been selected. The order of the formats is therefore important.
-f best+bestaudio --no-audio-multistreams
will download only
best
while
-f bestaudio+best --no-audio-multistreams
will ignore
best
and download only
bestaudio
Filtering Formats
You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in
-f "best[height=720]"
(or
-f "[filesize>10M]"
since filters without a selector are interpreted as
best
).
The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons
<=
>=
(equals),
!=
(not equals):
filesize
: The number of bytes, if known in advance
filesize_approx
: An estimate for the number of bytes
width
: Width of the video, if known
height
: Height of the video, if known
aspect_ratio
: Aspect ratio of the video, if known
tbr
: Average bitrate of audio and video in
kbps
abr
: Average audio bitrate in
kbps
vbr
: Average video bitrate in
kbps
asr
: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
fps
: Frame rate
audio_channels
: The number of audio channels
stretched_ratio
width:height
of the video's pixels, if not square
Also filtering work for comparisons
(equals),
^=
(starts with),
$=
(ends with),
*=
(contains),
~=
(matches regex) and following string meta fields:
url
: Video URL
ext
: File extension
acodec
: Name of the audio codec in use
vcodec
: Name of the video codec in use
container
: Name of the container format
protocol
: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case (
http
https
rtsp
rtmp
rtmpe
mms
f4m
ism
http_dash_segments
m3u8
, or
m3u8_native
language
: Language code
dynamic_range
: The dynamic range of the video
format_id
: A short description of the format
format
: A human-readable description of the format
format_note
: Additional info about the format
resolution
: Textual description of width and height
Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation
in order to produce an opposite comparison, e.g.
!*=
(does not contain). The comparand of a string comparison needs to be quoted with either double or single quotes if it contains spaces or special characters other than
._-
Note
: None of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by the particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the website. Any other field made available by the extractor can also be used for filtering.
Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (
) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so
-f "bv[height<=?720][tbr>500]"
selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 kbps. You can also use the filters with
all
to download all formats that satisfy the filter, e.g.
-f "all[vcodec=none]"
selects all audio-only formats.
Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses; e.g.
-f "(mp4,webm)[height<480]"
will download the best pre-merged mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480.
Sorting Formats
You can change the criteria for being considered the
best
by using
-S
--format-sort
). The general format for this is
--format-sort field1,field2...
The available fields are:
hasvid
: Gives priority to formats that have a video stream
hasaud
: Gives priority to formats that have an audio stream
ie_pref
: The format preference
lang
: The language preference as determined by the extractor (e.g. original language preferred over audio description)
quality
: The quality of the format
source
: The preference of the source
proto
: Protocol used for download (
https
ftps
http
ftp
m3u8_native
m3u8
http_dash_segments
websocket_frag
mms
rtsp
f4f
f4m
vcodec
: Video Codec (
av01
vp9.2
vp9
h265
h264
vp8
h263
theora
> other)
acodec
: Audio Codec (
flac
alac
wav
aiff
opus
vorbis
aac
mp4a
mp3
ac4
eac3
ac3
dts
> other)
codec
: Equivalent to
vcodec,acodec
vext
: Video Extension (
mp4
mov
webm
flv
> other). If
--prefer-free-formats
is used,
webm
is preferred.
aext
: Audio Extension (
m4a
aac
mp3
ogg
opus
webm
> other). If
--prefer-free-formats
is used, the order changes to
ogg
opus
webm
mp3
m4a
aac
ext
: Equivalent to
vext,aext
filesize
: Exact filesize, if known in advance
fs_approx
: Approximate filesize
size
: Exact filesize if available, otherwise approximate filesize
height
: Height of video
width
: Width of video
res
: Video resolution, calculated as the smallest dimension.
fps
: Framerate of video
hdr
: The dynamic range of the video (
DV
HDR12
HDR10+
HDR10
HLG
SDR
channels
: The number of audio channels
tbr
: Total average bitrate in
kbps
vbr
: Average video bitrate in
kbps
abr
: Average audio bitrate in
kbps
br
: Average bitrate in
kbps
tbr
vbr
abr
asr
: Audio sample rate in Hz
Deprecation warning
: Many of these fields have (currently undocumented) aliases, that may be removed in a future version. It is recommended to use only the documented field names.
All fields, unless specified otherwise, are sorted in descending order. To reverse this, prefix the field with a
. E.g.
+res
prefers format with the smallest resolution. Additionally, you can suffix a preferred value for the fields, separated by a
. E.g.
res:720
prefers larger videos, but no larger than 720p and the smallest video if there are no videos less than 720p. For
codec
and
ext
, you can provide two preferred values, the first for video and the second for audio. E.g.
+codec:avc:m4a
(equivalent to
+vcodec:avc,+acodec:m4a
) sets the video codec preference to
h264
h265
vp9
vp9.2
av01
vp8
h263
theora
and audio codec preference to
mp4a
aac
vorbis
opus
mp3
ac3
dts
. You can also make the sorting prefer the nearest values to the provided by using
as the delimiter. E.g.
filesize~1G
prefers the format with filesize closest to 1 GiB.
The fields
hasvid
and
ie_pref
are always given highest priority in sorting, irrespective of the user-defined order. This behavior can be changed by using
--format-sort-force
. Apart from these, the default order used is:
lang,quality,res,fps,hdr:12,vcodec,channels,acodec,size,br,asr,proto,ext,hasaud,source,id
. The extractors may override this default order, but they cannot override the user-provided order.
Note that the default for hdr is
hdr:12
; i.e. Dolby Vision is not preferred. This choice was made since DV formats are not yet fully compatible with most devices. This may be changed in the future.
If your format selector is
worst
, the last item is selected after sorting. This means it will select the format that is worst in all respects. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use
-f best -S +size,+br,+res,+fps
If you use the
-S
--format-sort
option multiple times, each subsequent sorting argument will be prepended to the previous one, and only the highest priority entry of any duplicated field will be preserved. E.g.
-S proto -S res
is equivalent to
-S res,proto
, and
-S res:720,fps -S vcodec,res:1080
is equivalent to
-S vcodec,res:1080,fps
. You can use
--format-sort-reset
to disregard any previously passed
-S
--format-sort
arguments and reset to the default order.
Tip
: You can use the
-v -F
to see how the formats have been sorted (worst to best).
Format Selection examples
Download and merge the best video-only format and the best audio-only format,
or download the best combined format if video-only format is not available
$ yt-dlp -f
bv+ba/b
Download best format that contains video,
and if it doesn't already have an audio stream, merge it with best audio-only format
$ yt-dlp -f
bv*+ba/b
Same as above
$ yt-dlp
Download the best video-only format and the best audio-only format without merging them
For this case, an output template should be used since
by default, bestvideo and bestaudio will have the same file name.
$ yt-dlp -f
bv,ba
-o
%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s
Download and merge the best format that has a video stream,
and all audio-only formats into one file
$ yt-dlp -f
bv*+mergeall[vcodec=none]
--audio-multistreams
Download and merge the best format that has a video stream,
and the best 2 audio-only formats into one file
$ yt-dlp -f
bv*+ba+ba.2
--audio-multistreams
The following examples show the old method (without -S) of format selection
and how to use -S to achieve a similar but (generally) better result
Download the worst video available (old method)
$ yt-dlp -f
wv*+wa/w
Download the best video available but with the smallest resolution
$ yt-dlp -S
+res
Download the smallest video available
$ yt-dlp -S
+size,+br
Download the best mp4 video available, or the best video if no mp4 available
$ yt-dlp -f
bv*[ext=mp4]+ba[ext=m4a]/b[ext=mp4] / bv*+ba/b
Download the best video with the best extension
(For video, mp4 > mov > webm > flv. For audio, m4a > aac > mp3 ...)
$ yt-dlp -S
ext
Download the best video available but no better than 480p,
or the worst video if there is no video under 480p
$ yt-dlp -f
bv*[height<=480]+ba/b[height<=480] / wv*+ba/w
Download the best video available with the largest height but no better than 480p,
or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
$ yt-dlp -S
height:480
Download the best video available with the largest resolution but no better than 480p,
or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
Resolution is determined by using the smallest dimension.
So this works correctly for vertical videos as well
$ yt-dlp -S
res:480
Download the best video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
or the worst video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
$ yt-dlp -f
b[filesize<50M] / w
Download the largest video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
or the smallest video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
$ yt-dlp -f
-S
filesize:50M
Download the best video (that also has audio) that is closest in size to 50 MB
$ yt-dlp -f
-S
filesize~50M
Download best video available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol,
or the best video available via any protocol if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -f
(bv*+ba/b)[protocol^=http][protocol!*=dash] / (bv*+ba/b)
Download best video available via the best protocol
(https/ftps > http/ftp > m3u8_native > m3u8 > http_dash_segments ...)
$ yt-dlp -S
proto
Download the best video with either h264 or h265 codec,
or the best video if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -f
(bv*[vcodec~='^((he|a)vc|h26[45])']+ba) / (bv*+ba/b)
Download the best video with best codec no better than h264,
or the best video with worst codec if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -S
codec:h264
Download the best video with worst codec no worse than h264,
or the best video with best codec if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -S
+codec:h264
More complex examples
Download the best video no better than 720p preferring framerate greater than 30,
or the worst video (still preferring framerate greater than 30) if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -f
((bv*[fps>30]/bv*)[height<=720]/(wv*[fps>30]/wv*)) + ba / (b[fps>30]/b)[height<=720]/(w[fps>30]/w)
Download the video with the largest resolution no better than 720p,
or the video with the smallest resolution available if there is no such video,
preferring larger framerate for formats with the same resolution
$ yt-dlp -S
res:720,fps
Download the video with smallest resolution no worse than 480p,
or the video with the largest resolution available if there is no such video,
preferring better codec and then larger total bitrate for the same resolution
$ yt-dlp -S
+res:480,codec,br
MODIFYING METADATA
The metadata obtained by the extractors can be modified by using
--parse-metadata
and
--replace-in-metadata
--replace-in-metadata FIELDS REGEX REPLACE
is used to replace text in any metadata field using
Python regular expression
Backreferences
can be used in the replace string for advanced use.
The general syntax of
--parse-metadata FROM:TO
is to give the name of a field or an
output template
to extract data from, and the format to interpret it as, separated by a colon
. Either a
Python regular expression
with named capture groups, a single field name, or a similar syntax to the
output template
(only
%(field)s
formatting is supported) can be used for
TO
. The option can be used multiple times to parse and modify various fields.
Note that these options preserve their relative order, allowing replacements to be made in parsed fields and vice versa. Also, any field thus created can be used in the
output template
and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using
--embed-metadata
This option also has a few special uses:
You can download an additional URL based on the metadata of the currently downloaded video. To do this, set the field
additional_urls
to the URL that you want to download. E.g.
--parse-metadata "description:(?Phttps?://www\.vimeo\.com/\d+)"
will download the first vimeo video found in the description
You can use this to change the metadata that is embedded in the media file. To do this, set the value of the corresponding field with a
meta_
prefix. For example, any value you set to
meta_description
field will be added to the
description
field in the file - you can use this to set a different "description" and "synopsis". To modify the metadata of individual streams, use the
meta_
prefix (e.g.
meta1_language
). Any value set to the
meta_
field will overwrite all default values.
Note
: Metadata modification happens before format selection, post-extraction and other post-processing operations. Some fields may be added or changed during these steps, overriding your changes.
For reference, these are the fields yt-dlp adds by default to the file metadata:
Metadata fields
From
title
track
or
title
date
upload_date
description
synopsis
description
purl
comment
webpage_url
track
track_number
artist
artist
artists
creator
creators
uploader
or
uploader_id
composer
composer
or
composers
genre
genre
genres
categories
or
tags
album
album
or
series
album_artist
album_artist
or
album_artists
disc
disc_number
show
series
season_number
season_number
episode_id
episode
or
episode_id
episode_sort
episode_number
language
of each stream
the format's
language
Note
: The file format may not support some of these fields
Modifying metadata examples
Interpret the title as "Artist - Title"
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
title:%(artist)s - %(title)s
Regex example
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
description:Artist - (?P.+)
Copy the episode field to the title field (with FROM and TO as single fields)
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
episode:title
Set title as "Series name S01E05"
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
%(series)s S%(season_number)02dE%(episode_number)02d:%(title)s
Prioritize uploader as the "artist" field in video metadata
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
%(uploader|)s:%(meta_artist)s
--embed-metadata
Set "comment" field in video metadata using description instead of webpage_url,
handling multiple lines correctly
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
description:(?s)(?P.+)
--embed-metadata
Do not set any "synopsis" in the video metadata
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
:(?P)
Remove "formats" field from the infojson by setting it to an empty string
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata
video::(?P)
--write-info-json
Replace all spaces and "_" in title and uploader with a `-`
$ yt-dlp --replace-in-metadata
title,uploader
[ _]
EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS
Some extractors accept additional arguments which can be passed using
--extractor-args KEY:ARGS
ARGS
is a
(semicolon) separated string of
ARG=VAL1,VAL2
. E.g.
--extractor-args "youtube:player-client=tv,mweb;formats=incomplete" --extractor-args "twitter:api=syndication"
Note: In CLI,
ARG
can use
instead of
; e.g.
youtube:player-client"
becomes
youtube:player_client"
The following extractors use this feature:
lang
: Prefer translated metadata (
title
description
etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to
en
translated. See
youtube/_base.py
for the list of supported content language codes
skip
: One or more of
hls
dash
or
translated_subs
to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and
auto-translated subtitles
respectively
player_client
: Clients to extract video data from. The currently available clients are
web
web_safari
web_embedded
web_music
web_creator
mweb
ios
android
android_vr
tv
tv_downgraded
, and
tv_simply
. By default,
android_vr,web_safari
is used. If no JavaScript runtime/engine is available, then only
android_vr
is used. If logged-in cookies are passed to yt-dlp, then
tv_downgraded,web_safari
is used for free accounts and
tv_downgraded,web_creator
is used for premium accounts. The
web_music
client is added for
music.youtube.com
URLs when logged-in cookies are used. The
web_embedded
client is added for age-restricted videos but only successfully works around the age-restriction sometimes (e.g. if the video is embeddable), and may be added as a fallback if
android_vr
is unable to access a video. The
web_creator
client is added for age-restricted videos if account age-verification is required. Some clients, such as
web_creator
and
web_music
, require a
po_token
for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as
web_creator
, will only work with authentication. Not all clients support authentication via cookies. You can use
default
for the default clients, or you can use
all
for all clients (not recommended). You can prefix a client with
to exclude it, e.g.
youtube:player_client=default,-web_safari
player_skip
: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of
configs
(skip client configs),
webpage
(skip initial webpage),
js
(skip js player),
initial_data
(skip initial data/next ep request). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause issues such as missing formats or metadata. See
#860
and
#12826
for more details
webpage_skip
: Skip extraction of embedded webpage data. One or both of
player_response
initial_data
. These options are for testing purposes and don't skip any network requests. Neither is skipped by default; however, if a
player_js_version
value other than
actual
is used, then
webpage_skip=player_response
is implied
webpage_client
: Client to use for the video webpage request. One of
web
or
web_safari
(default)
player_params
: YouTube player parameters to use for player requests. Will overwrite any default ones set by yt-dlp.
player_js_variant
: The player javascript variant to use for n/sig deciphering. The known variants are:
main
tcc
tce
es5
es6
es6_tcc
es6_tce
tv
tv_es6
phone
house
. The default is
main
, and the others are for debugging purposes. You can use
actual
to go with what is prescribed by the site
player_js_version
: The player javascript version to use for n/sig deciphering, in the format of
signature_timestamp@hash
(e.g.
20348@0004de42
). The default is to use what is prescribed by the site, and can be selected with
actual
. Using any other value will imply
webpage_skip=player_response
comment_sort
top
or
new
(default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
max_comments
: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing
max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread,max-depth
. Default is
all,all,all,all,all
max-depth
value of
will discard all replies, regardless of the
max-replies
or
max-replies-per-thread
values given
E.g.
all,all,1000,10,2
will get a maximum of 1000 replies total, with up to 10 replies per thread, and only 2 levels of depth (i.e. top-level comments plus their immediate replies).
1000,all,100
will get a maximum of 1000 comments, with a maximum of 100 replies total
formats
: Change the types of formats to return.
dashy
(convert HTTP to DASH),
duplicate
(identical content but different URLs or protocol; includes
dashy
),
incomplete
(cannot be downloaded completely - live dash, live adaptive https, and post-live m3u8),
missing_pot
(include formats that require a PO Token but are missing one)
innertube_host
: Innertube API host to use for all API requests; e.g.
studio.youtube.com
youtubei.googleapis.com
. Note that cookies exported from one subdomain will not work on others
innertube_key
: Innertube API key to use for all API requests. By default, no API key is used
raise_incomplete_data
Incomplete Data Received
raises an error instead of reporting a warning
data_sync_id
: Overrides the account Data Sync ID used in Innertube API requests. This may be needed if you are using an account with
youtube:player_skip=webpage,configs
or
youtubetab:skip=webpage
visitor_data
: Overrides the Visitor Data used in Innertube API requests. This should be used with
player_skip=webpage,configs
and without cookies. Note: this may have adverse effects if used improperly. If a session from a browser is wanted, you should pass cookies instead (which contain the Visitor ID)
po_token
: Proof of Origin (PO) Token(s) to use. Comma-separated list of PO Tokens in the format
CLIENT.CONTEXT+PO_TOKEN
, e.g.
youtube:po_token=web.gvs+XXX,web.player=XXX,web_safari.gvs+YYY
. Context can be any of
gvs
(Google Video Server URLs),
player
(Innertube player request) or
subs
(Subtitles)
pot_trace
: Enable debug logging for PO Token fetching. Either
true
or
false
(default)
fetch_pot
: Policy to use for fetching a PO Token from providers. One of
always
(always try fetch a PO Token regardless if the client requires one for the given context),
never
(never fetch a PO Token), or
auto
(default; only fetch a PO Token if the client requires one for the given context)
jsc_trace
: Enable debug logging for JS Challenge fetching. Either
true
or
false
(default)
use_ad_playback_context
: Skip preroll ads to eliminate the mandatory wait period before download. Do NOT use this when passing premium account cookies to yt-dlp, as it will result in a loss of premium formats. Only effective with the
mweb
and
web_music
player clients. Either
true
or
false
(default)
youtube-ejs
jitless
: Run supported Javascript engines in JIT-less mode. Supported runtimes are
deno
node
and
bun
. Provides better security at the cost of performance/speed. Do note that
node
and
bun
are still considered insecure. Either
true
or
false
(default)
youtubepot-webpo
bind_to_visitor_id
: Whether to use the Visitor ID instead of Visitor Data for caching WebPO tokens. Either
true
(default) or
false
youtubetab (YouTube playlists, channels, feeds, etc.)
skip
: One or more of
webpage
(skip initial webpage download),
authcheck
(allow the download of playlists requiring authentication when no initial webpage is downloaded. This may cause unwanted behavior, see
#1122
for more details)
approximate_date
: Extract approximate
upload_date
and
timestamp
in flat-playlist. This may cause date-based filters to be slightly off
generic
fragment_query
: Passthrough any query in mpd/m3u8 manifest URLs to their fragments if no value is provided, or else apply the query string given as
fragment_query=VALUE
. Note that if the stream has an HLS AES-128 key, then the query parameters will be passed to the key URI as well, unless the
key_query
extractor-arg is passed, or unless an external key URI is provided via the
hls_key
extractor-arg. Does not apply to ffmpeg
variant_query
: Passthrough the master m3u8 URL query to its variant playlist URLs if no value is provided, or else apply the query string given as
variant_query=VALUE
key_query
: Passthrough the master m3u8 URL query to its HLS AES-128 decryption key URI if no value is provided, or else apply the query string given as
key_query=VALUE
. Note that this will have no effect if the key URI is provided via the
hls_key
extractor-arg. Does not apply to ffmpeg
hls_key
: An HLS AES-128 key URI
or
key (as hex), and optionally the IV (as hex), in the form of
(URI|KEY)[,IV]
; e.g.
generic:hls_key=ABCDEF1234567980,0xFEDCBA0987654321
. Passing any of these values will force usage of the native HLS downloader and override the corresponding values found in the m3u8 playlist
is_live
: Bypass live HLS detection and manually set
live_status
- a value of
false
will set
not_live
, any other value (or no value) will set
is_live
impersonate
: Target(s) to try and impersonate with the initial webpage request; e.g.
generic:impersonate=safari,chrome-110
. Use
generic:impersonate
to impersonate any available target, and use
generic:impersonate=false
to disable impersonation (default)
vikichannel
video_types
: Types of videos to download - one or more of
episodes
movies
clips
trailers
youtubewebarchive
check_all
: Try to check more at the cost of more requests. One or more of
thumbnails
captures
gamejolt
comment_sort
hot
(default),
you
(cookies needed),
top
new
- choose comment sorting mode (on GameJolt's side)
hotstar
res
: resolution to ignore - one or more of
sd
hd
fhd
vcodec
: vcodec to ignore - one or more of
h264
h265
dvh265
dr
: dynamic range to ignore - one or more of
sdr
hdr10
dv
app_id
: The value of the
X-IG-App-ID
header used for API requests. Default is the web app ID,
936619743392459
niconicochannelplus
max_comments
: Maximum number of comments to extract - default is
120
api_hostname
: Hostname to use for mobile API calls, e.g.
api22-normal-c-alisg.tiktokv.com
app_name
: Default app name to use with mobile API calls, e.g.
trill
app_version
: Default app version to use with mobile API calls - should be set along with
manifest_app_version
, e.g.
34.1.2
manifest_app_version
: Default numeric app version to use with mobile API calls, e.g.
2023401020
aid
: Default app ID to use with mobile API calls, e.g.
1180
app_info
: Enable mobile API extraction with one or more app info strings in the format of
/[app_name]/[app_version]/[manifest_app_version]/[aid]
, where
iid
is the unique app install ID.
iid
is the only required value; all other values and their
separators can be omitted, e.g.
tiktok:app_info=1234567890123456789
or
tiktok:app_info=123,456/trill///1180,789//34.0.1/340001
device_id
: Enable mobile API extraction with a genuine device ID to be used with mobile API calls. Default is a random 19-digit string
rokfinchannel
tab
: Which tab to download - one of
new
top
videos
podcasts
streams
stacks
api
: Select one of
graphql
(default),
legacy
or
syndication
as the API for tweet extraction. Has no effect if logged in
stacommu, wrestleuniverse
device_id
: UUID value assigned by the website and used to enforce device limits for paid livestream content. Can be found in browser local storage
twitch
client_id
: Client ID value to be sent with GraphQL requests, e.g.
twitch:client_id=kimne78kx3ncx6brgo4mv6wki5h1ko
nhkradirulive (NHK らじる★らじる LIVE)
area
: Which regional variation to extract. Valid areas are:
sapporo
sendai
tokyo
nagoya
osaka
hiroshima
matsuyama
fukuoka
. Defaults to
tokyo
nflplusreplay
type
: Type(s) of game replays to extract. Valid types are:
full_game
full_game_spanish
condensed_game
and
all_22
. You can use
all
to extract all available replay types, which is the default
jiocinema
refresh_token
: The
refreshToken
UUID from browser local storage can be passed to extend the life of your login session when logging in with
token
as username and the
accessToken
from browser local storage as password
jiosaavn
bitrate
: Audio bitrates to request. One or more of
16
32
64
128
320
. Default is
128,320
afreecatvlive
cdn
: One or more CDN IDs to use with the API call for stream URLs, e.g.
gcp_cdn
gs_cdn_pc_app
gs_cdn_mobile_web
gs_cdn_pc_web
soundcloud
formats
: Formats to request from the API. Requested values should be in the format of
{protocol}_{codec}
, e.g.
hls_opus,http_aac
. The
character functions as a wildcard, e.g.
*_mp3
, and can be passed by itself to request all formats. Known protocols include
http
hls
and
hls-aes
; known codecs include
aac
opus
and
mp3
. Original
formats are always extracted. Default is
http_aac,hls_aac,http_opus,hls_opus,http_mp3,hls_mp3
orfon (orf:on)
prefer_segments_playlist
: Prefer a playlist of program segments instead of a single complete video when available. If individual segments are desired, use
--concat-playlist never --extractor-args "orfon:prefer_segments_playlist"
bilibili
prefer_multi_flv
: Prefer extracting flv formats over mp4 for older videos that still provide legacy formats
sonylivseries
sort_order
: Episode sort order for series extraction - one of
asc
(ascending, oldest first) or
desc
(descending, newest first). Default is
asc
tver
backend
: Backend API to use for extraction - one of
streaks
(default) or
brightcove
(deprecated)
vimeo
client
: Client to extract video data from. The currently available clients are
android
ios
macos
and
web
. Only one client can be used. The
macos
client is used by default, but the
web
client is used when logged-in. The
web
client only works with account cookies or login credentials. The
android
and
ios
clients only work with previously cached OAuth tokens
original_format_policy
: Policy for when to try extracting original formats. One of
always
never
, or
auto
. The default
auto
policy tries to avoid exceeding the web client's API rate-limit by only making an extra request when Vimeo publicizes the video's downloadability
Note
: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility
PLUGINS
Note that
all
plugins are imported even if not invoked, and that
there are no checks
performed on plugin code.
Use plugins at your own risk and only if you trust the code!
Plugins can be of

extractor
or
postprocessor
Extractor plugins do not need to be enabled from the CLI and are automatically invoked when the input URL is suitable for it.
Extractor plugins take priority over built-in extractors.
Postprocessor plugins can be invoked using
--use-postprocessor NAME
Plugins are loaded from the namespace packages
yt_dlp_plugins.extractor
and
yt_dlp_plugins.postprocessor
In other words, the file structure on the disk looks something like:
yt_dlp_plugins/
extractor/
myplugin.py
postprocessor/
myplugin.py
yt-dlp looks for these
yt_dlp_plugins
namespace folders in many locations (see below) and loads in plugins from
all
of them.
Set the environment variable
YTDLP_NO_PLUGINS
to something nonempty to disable loading plugins entirely.
See the
wiki for some known plugins
Installing Plugins
Plugins can be installed using various methods and locations.
Configuration directories
Plugin packages (containing a
yt_dlp_plugins
namespace folder) can be dropped into the following standard
configuration locations
User Plugins
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
(recommended on Linux/macOS)
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp-plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
(recommended on Windows)
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp-plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
~/.yt-dlp/plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
~/yt-dlp-plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
System Plugins
/etc/yt-dlp/plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
/etc/yt-dlp-plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
Executable location
: Plugin packages can similarly be installed in a
yt-dlp-plugins
directory under the executable location (recommended for portable installations):
Binary: where
/yt-dlp.exe
/yt-dlp-plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
Source: where
/yt_dlp/__main__.py
/yt-dlp-plugins//yt_dlp_plugins/
pip and other locations in
PYTHONPATH
Plugin packages can be installed and managed using
pip
. See
yt-dlp-sample-plugins
for an example.
Note: plugin files between plugin packages installed with pip must have unique filenames.
Any path in
PYTHONPATH
is searched in for the
yt_dlp_plugins
namespace folder.
Note: This does not apply for Pyinstaller builds.
.zip
.egg
and
.whl
archives containing a
yt_dlp_plugins
namespace folder in their root are also supported as plugin packages.
e.g.
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/plugins/mypluginpkg.zip
where
mypluginpkg.zip
contains
yt_dlp_plugins//myplugin.py
Run yt-dlp with
--verbose
to check if the plugin has been loaded.
Developing Plugins
See the
yt-dlp-sample-plugins
repo for a template plugin package and the
Plugin Development
section of the wiki for a plugin development guide.
All public classes with a name ending in
IE
PP
are imported from each file for extractors and postprocessors respectively. This respects underscore prefix (e.g.
_MyBasePluginIE
is private) and
__all__
. Modules can similarly be excluded by prefixing the module name with an underscore (e.g.
_myplugin.py
).
To replace an existing extractor with a subclass of one, set the
plugin_name
class keyword argument (e.g.
class MyPluginIE(ABuiltInIE, plugin_name='myplugin')
will replace
ABuiltInIE
with
MyPluginIE
). Since the extractor replaces the parent, you should exclude the subclass extractor from being imported separately by making it private using one of the methods described above.
If you are a plugin author, add
yt-dlp-plugins
as a topic to your repository for discoverability.
See the
Developer Instructions
on how to write and test an extractor.
EMBEDDING YT-DLP
yt-dlp makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be callable from any programming language.
Your program should avoid parsing the normal stdout since they may change in future versions. Instead, they should use options such as
-J
--print
--progress-template
--exec
etc to create console output that you can reliably reproduce and parse.
From a Python program, you can embed yt-dlp in a more powerful fashion, like this:
from
yt_dlp
import
YoutubeDL
URLS
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
with
YoutubeDL
()
as
ydl
ydl
URLS
Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at
yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
or
help(yt_dlp.YoutubeDL)
in a Python shell. If you are already familiar with the CLI, you can use
devscripts/cli_to_api.py
to translate any CLI switches to
YoutubeDL
params.
Tip
: If you are porting your code from youtube-dl to yt-dlp, one important point to look out for is that we do not guarantee the return value of
YoutubeDL.extract_info
to be json serializable, or even be a dictionary. It will be dictionary-like, but if you want to ensure it is a serializable dictionary, pass it through
YoutubeDL.sanitize_info
as shown in the
example below
Embedding examples
Extracting information
import
json
import
yt_dlp
URL
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
# ℹ️ See help(yt_dlp.YoutubeDL) for a list of available options and public functions
ydl_opts
{}
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
ydl_opts
as
ydl
info
ydl
extract_info
URL
False
# ℹ️ ydl.sanitize_info makes the info json-serializable
json
dumps
ydl
sanitize_info
info
)))
Download using an info-json
import
yt_dlp
INFO_FILE
'path/to/video.info.json'
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
()
as
ydl
error_code
ydl
download_with_info_file
INFO_FILE
'Some videos failed to download'
if
error_code
else
'All videos successfully downloaded'
Extract audio
import
yt_dlp
URLS
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
ydl_opts
'format'
'm4a/bestaudio/best'
# ℹ️ See help(yt_dlp.postprocessor) for a list of available Postprocessors and their arguments
'postprocessors'
: [{
# Extract audio using ffmpeg
'key'
'FFmpegExtractAudio'
'preferredcodec'
'm4a'
}]
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
ydl_opts
as
ydl
error_code
ydl
URLS
Filter videos
import
yt_dlp
URLS
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
def
longer_than_a_minute
info
incomplete
):
"""Download only videos longer than a minute (or with unknown duration)"""
duration
info
get
'duration'
if
duration
and
duration
60
return
'The video is too short'
ydl_opts
'match_filter'
longer_than_a_minute
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
ydl_opts
as
ydl
error_code
ydl
URLS
Adding logger and progress hook
import
yt_dlp
URLS
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
class
MyLogger
def
debug
self
msg
):
# For compatibility with youtube-dl, both debug and info are passed into debug
# You can distinguish them by the prefix '[debug] '
if
msg
startswith
'[debug] '
):
pass
else
self
info
msg
def
info
self
msg
):
pass
def
warning
self
msg
):
pass
def
error
self
msg
):
msg
# ℹ️ See "progress_hooks" in help(yt_dlp.YoutubeDL)
def
my_hook
):
if
'status'
==
'finished'
'Done downloading, now post-processing ...'
ydl_opts
'logger'
MyLogger
(),
'progress_hooks'
: [
my_hook
],
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
ydl_opts
as
ydl
ydl
URLS
Add a custom PostProcessor
import
yt_dlp
URLS
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
# ℹ️ See help(yt_dlp.postprocessor.PostProcessor)
class
MyCustomPP
yt_dlp
postprocessor
PostProcessor
):
def
run
self
info
):
self
to_screen
'Doing stuff'
return
[],
info
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
()
as
ydl
# ℹ️ "when" can take any value in yt_dlp.utils.POSTPROCESS_WHEN
ydl
add_post_processor
MyCustomPP
(),
when
'pre_process'
ydl
URLS
Use a custom format selector
import
yt_dlp
URLS
'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
def
format_selector
ctx
):
""" Select the best video and the best audio that won't result in an mkv.
NOTE: This is just an example and does not handle all cases """
# formats are already sorted worst to best
formats
ctx
get
'formats'
)[::
# acodec='none' means there is no audio
best_video
next
for
in
formats
if
'vcodec'
!=
'none'
and
'acodec'
==
'none'
# find compatible audio extension
audio_ext
'mp4'
'm4a'
'webm'
'webm'
}[
best_video
'ext'
]]
# vcodec='none' means there is no video
best_audio
next
for
in
formats
if
'acodec'
!=
'none'
and
'vcodec'
==
'none'
and
'ext'
==
audio_ext
))
# These are the minimum required fields for a merged format
yield
'format_id'
f'
best_video
"format_id"
best_audio
"format_id"
'ext'
best_video
'ext'
],
'requested_formats'
: [
best_video
best_audio
],
# Must be + separated list of protocols
'protocol'
f'
best_video
"protocol"
best_audio
"protocol"
ydl_opts
'format'
format_selector
with
yt_dlp
YoutubeDL
ydl_opts
as
ydl
ydl
URLS
CHANGES FROM YOUTUBE-DL
New features
Forked from
yt-dlc@f9401f2
and merged with
youtube-dl@a08f2b7
exceptions
SponsorBlock Integration
: You can mark/remove sponsor sections in YouTube videos by utilizing the
SponsorBlock
API
Format Sorting
: The default format sorting options have been changed so that higher resolution and better codecs will be now preferred instead of simply using larger bitrate. Furthermore, you can now specify the sort order using
-S
. This allows for much easier format selection than what is possible by simply using
--format
examples
Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl
: You get most of the features and improvements from
animelover1984/youtube-dl
including
--write-comments
BiliBiliSearch
BilibiliChannel
, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. See
#31
for details.
YouTube improvements
Supports Clips, Stories (
ytstories:
), Search (including filters)
, YouTube Music Search, Channel-specific search, Search prefix (
ytsearch:
, Mixes, and Feeds (
:ytfav
:ytwatchlater
:ytsubs
:ythistory
:ytrec
:ytnotif
Fix for
n-sig based throttling
Download livestreams from the start using
--live-from-start
experimental
Channel URLs download all uploads of the channel, including shorts and live
Cookies from browser
: Cookies can be automatically extracted from all major web browsers using
--cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE][::CONTAINER]
Download time range
: Videos can be downloaded partially based on either timestamps or chapters using
--download-sections
Split video by chapters
: Videos can be split into multiple files based on chapters using
--split-chapters
Multi-threaded fragment downloads
: Download multiple fragments of m3u8/mpd videos in parallel. Use
--concurrent-fragments
-N
) option to set the number of threads used
Aria2c with HLS/DASH
: You can use
aria2c
as the external downloader for DASH(mpd) and HLS(m3u8) formats
New and fixed extractors
: Many new extractors have been added and a lot of existing ones have been fixed. See the
changelog
or the
list of supported sites
New MSOs
: Philo, Spectrum, SlingTV, Cablevision, RCN etc.
Subtitle extraction from manifests
: Subtitles can be extracted from streaming media manifests. See
commit/be6202f
for details
Multiple paths and output templates
: You can give different
output templates
and download paths for different types of files. You can also set a temporary path where intermediary files are downloaded to using
--paths
-P
Portable Configuration
: Configuration files are automatically loaded from the home and root directories. See
CONFIGURATION
for details
Output template improvements
: Output templates can now have date-time formatting, numeric offsets, object traversal etc. See
output template
for details. Even more advanced operations can also be done with the help of
--parse-metadata
and
--replace-in-metadata
Other new options
: Many new options have been added such as
--alias
--print
--concat-playlist
--wait-for-video
--retry-sleep
--sleep-requests
--convert-thumbnails
--force-download-archive
--force-overwrites
--break-match-filters
etc
Improvements
: Regex and other operators in
--format
--match-filters
, multiple
--postprocessor-args
and
--downloader-args
, faster archive checking, more
format selection options
, merge multi-video/audio, multiple
--config-locations
--exec
at different stages, etc
Plugins
: Extractors and PostProcessors can be loaded from an external file. See
plugins
for details
Self updater
: The releases can be updated using
yt-dlp -U
, and downgraded using
--update-to
if required
Automated builds
Nightly/master builds
can be used with
--update-to nightly
and
--update-to master
See
changelog
or
commits
for the full list of changes
Features marked with a
have been back-ported to youtube-dl
Differences in default behavior
Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:
yt-dlp supports only
Python 3.10+
, and will remove support for more versions as they
become EOL
; while
youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+
The options
--auto-number
-A
),
--title
-t
) and
--literal
-l
), no longer work. See
removed options
for details
avconv
is not supported as an alternative to
ffmpeg
yt-dlp stores config files in slightly different locations to youtube-dl. See
CONFIGURATION
for a list of correct locations
The default
output template
is
%(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s
. There is no real reason for this change. This was changed before yt-dlp was ever made public and now there are no plans to change it back to
%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s
. Instead, you may use
--compat-options filename
The default
format sorting
is different from youtube-dl and prefers higher resolution and better codecs rather than higher bitrates. You can use the
--format-sort
option to change this to any order you prefer, or use
--compat-options format-sort
to use youtube-dl's sorting order. Older versions of yt-dlp preferred VP9 due to its broader compatibility; you can use
--compat-options prefer-vp9-sort
to revert to that format sorting preference. These two compat options cannot be used together
The default format selector is
bv*+ba/b
. This means that if a combined video + audio format that is better than the best video-only format is found, the former will be preferred. Use
-f bv+ba/b
or
--compat-options format-spec
to revert this
Unlike youtube-dlc, yt-dlp does not allow merging multiple audio/video streams into one file by default (since this conflicts with the use of
-f bv*+ba
). If needed, this feature must be enabled using
--audio-multistreams
and
--video-multistreams
. You can also use
--compat-options multistreams
to enable both
--no-abort-on-error
is enabled by default. Use
--abort-on-error
or
--compat-options abort-on-error
to abort on errors instead
When writing metadata files such as thumbnails, description or infojson, the same information (if available) is also written for playlists. Use
--no-write-playlist-metafiles
or
--compat-options no-playlist-metafiles
to not write these files
--add-metadata
attaches the
infojson
to
mkv
files in addition to writing the metadata when used with
--write-info-json
. Use
--no-embed-info-json
or
--compat-options no-attach-info-json
to revert this
Some metadata are embedded into different fields when using
--add-metadata
as compared to youtube-dl. Most notably,
comment
field contains the
webpage_url
and
synopsis
contains the
description
. You can
use
--parse-metadata
to modify this to your liking or use
--compat-options embed-metadata
to revert this
playlist_index
behaves differently when used with options like
--playlist-reverse
and
--playlist-items
. See
#302
for details. You can use
--compat-options playlist-index
if you want to keep the earlier behavior
The output of
-F
is listed in a new format. Use
--compat-options list-formats
to revert this
Live chats (if available) are considered as subtitles. Use
--sub-langs all,-live_chat
to download all subtitles except live chat. You can also use
--compat-options no-live-chat
to prevent any live chat/danmaku from downloading
YouTube channel URLs download all uploads of the channel. To download only the videos in a specific tab, pass the tab's URL. If the channel does not show the requested tab, an error will be raised. Also,
/live
URLs raise an error if there are no live videos instead of silently downloading the entire channel. You may use
--compat-options no-youtube-channel-redirect
to revert all these redirections
Unavailable videos are also listed for YouTube playlists. Use
--compat-options no-youtube-unavailable-videos
to remove this
The upload dates extracted from YouTube are in UTC.
If
ffmpeg
is used as the downloader, the downloading and merging of formats happen in a single step when possible. Use
--compat-options no-direct-merge
to revert this
Thumbnail embedding in
mp4
is done with mutagen if possible. Use
--compat-options embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley
to force the use of AtomicParsley instead
Some internal metadata such as filenames are removed by default from the infojson. Use
--no-clean-infojson
or
--compat-options no-clean-infojson
to revert this
When
--embed-subs
and
--write-subs
are used together, the subtitles are written to disk and also embedded in the media file. You can use just
--embed-subs
to embed the subs and automatically delete the separate file. See
#630 (comment)
for more info.
--compat-options no-keep-subs
can be used to revert this
certifi
will be used for SSL root certificates, if installed. If you want to use system certificates (e.g. self-signed), use
--compat-options no-certifi
yt-dlp's sanitization of invalid characters in filenames is different/smarter than in youtube-dl. You can use
--compat-options filename-sanitization
to revert to youtube-dl's behavior
yt-dlp tries to parse the external downloader outputs into the standard progress output if possible (Currently implemented:
aria2c
). You can use
--compat-options no-external-downloader-progress
to get the downloader output as-is
yt-dlp versions between 2021.09.01 and 2023.01.02 applies
--match-filters
to nested playlists. This was an unintentional side-effect of
8f18ac
and is fixed in
d7b460
. Use
--compat-options playlist-match-filter
to revert this
yt-dlp versions between 2021.11.10 and 2023.06.21 estimated
filesize_approx
values for fragmented/manifest formats. This was added for convenience in
f2fe69
, but was reverted in
0dff8e
due to the potentially extreme inaccuracy of the estimated values. Use
--compat-options manifest-filesize-approx
to keep extracting the estimated values
yt-dlp uses modern http client backends such as
requests
. Use
--compat-options prefer-legacy-http-handler
to prefer the legacy http handler (
urllib
) to be used for standard http requests.
The sub-modules
swfinterp
casefold
are removed.
Passing
--simulate
(or calling
extract_info
with
download=False
) no longer alters the default format selection. See
#9843
for details.
yt-dlp no longer applies the server modified time to downloaded files by default. Use
--mtime
or
--compat-options mtime-by-default
to revert this.
For convenience, there are some compat option aliases available to use:
--compat-options all
: Use all compat options (
Do NOT use this!
--compat-options youtube-dl
: Same as
--compat-options all,-multistreams,-playlist-match-filter,-manifest-filesize-approx,-allow-unsafe-ext,-prefer-vp9-sort
--compat-options youtube-dlc
: Same as
--compat-options all,-no-live-chat,-no-youtube-channel-redirect,-playlist-match-filter,-manifest-filesize-approx,-allow-unsafe-ext,-prefer-vp9-sort
--compat-options 2021
: Same as
--compat-options 2022,no-certifi,filename-sanitization
--compat-options 2022
: Same as
--compat-options 2023,playlist-match-filter,no-external-downloader-progress,prefer-legacy-http-handler,manifest-filesize-approx
--compat-options 2023
: Same as
--compat-options 2024,prefer-vp9-sort
--compat-options 2024
: Same as
--compat-options 2025,mtime-by-default
--compat-options 2025
: Currently does nothing. Use this to enable all future compat options
Using one of the yearly compat option aliases will pin yt-dlp's default behavior to what it was at the
end
of that calendar year.
The following compat options restore vulnerable behavior from before security patches:
--compat-options allow-unsafe-ext
: Allow files with any extension (including unsafe ones) to be downloaded (
GHSA-79w7-vh3h-8g4j
⚠️
Only use if a valid file download is rejected because its extension is detected as uncommon
This option can enable remote code execution! Consider
opening an issue
instead!
Deprecated options
These are all the deprecated options and the current alternative to achieve the same effect
Almost redundant options
While these options are almost the same as their new counterparts, there are some differences that prevents them being redundant
-j, --dump-json --print "%()j"
-F, --list-formats --print formats_table
--list-thumbnails --print thumbnails_table --print playlist:thumbnails_table
--list-subs --print automatic_captions_table --print subtitles_table
Redundant options
While these options are redundant, they are still expected to be used due to their ease of use
--get-description --print description
--get-duration --print duration_string
--get-filename --print filename
--get-format --print format
--get-id --print id
--get-thumbnail --print thumbnail
-e, --get-title --print title
-g, --get-url --print urls
--match-title REGEX --match-filters "title ~= (?i)REGEX"
--reject-title REGEX --match-filters "title !~= (?i)REGEX"
--min-views COUNT --match-filters "view_count >=? COUNT"
--max-views COUNT --match-filters "view_count <=? COUNT"
--break-on-reject Use --break-match-filters
--user-agent UA --add-headers "User-Agent:UA"
--referer URL --add-headers "Referer:URL"
--playlist-start NUMBER -I NUMBER:
--playlist-end NUMBER -I :NUMBER
--playlist-reverse -I ::-1
--no-playlist-reverse Default
--no-colors --color no_color
Not recommended
While these options still work, their use is not recommended since there are other alternatives to achieve the same
--force-generic-extractor --ies generic,default
--exec-before-download CMD --exec "before_dl:CMD"
--no-exec-before-download --no-exec
--all-formats -f all
--all-subs --sub-langs all --write-subs
--print-json -j --no-simulate
--autonumber-size NUMBER Use string formatting, e.g. %(autonumber)03d
--autonumber-start NUMBER Use internal field formatting like %(autonumber+NUMBER)s
--id -o "%(id)s.%(ext)s"
--metadata-from-title FORMAT --parse-metadata "%(title)s:FORMAT"
--hls-prefer-native --downloader "m3u8:native"
--hls-prefer-ffmpeg --downloader "m3u8:ffmpeg"
--list-formats-old --compat-options list-formats (Alias: --no-list-formats-as-table)
--list-formats-as-table --compat-options -list-formats [Default]
--geo-bypass --xff "default"
--no-geo-bypass --xff "never"
--geo-bypass-country CODE --xff CODE
--geo-bypass-ip-block IP_BLOCK --xff IP_BLOCK
Developer options
These options are not intended to be used by the end-user
--test Download only part of video for testing extractors
--load-pages Load pages dumped by --write-pages
--allow-unplayable-formats List unplayable formats also
--no-allow-unplayable-formats Default
Old aliases
These are aliases that are no longer documented for various reasons
--clean-infojson --clean-info-json
--force-write-download-archive --force-write-archive
--no-clean-infojson --no-clean-info-json
--no-split-tracks --no-split-chapters
--no-write-srt --no-write-subs
--prefer-unsecure --prefer-insecure
--rate-limit RATE --limit-rate RATE
--split-tracks --split-chapters
--srt-lang LANGS --sub-langs LANGS
--trim-file-names LENGTH --trim-filenames LENGTH
--write-srt --write-subs
--yes-overwrites --force-overwrites
Sponskrub Options
Support for
SponSkrub
has been removed in favor of the
--sponsorblock
options
--sponskrub --sponsorblock-mark all
--no-sponskrub --no-sponsorblock
--sponskrub-cut --sponsorblock-remove all
--no-sponskrub-cut --sponsorblock-remove -all
--sponskrub-force Not applicable
--no-sponskrub-force Not applicable
--sponskrub-location Not applicable
--sponskrub-args Not applicable
No longer supported
These options may no longer work as intended
--prefer-avconv avconv is not officially supported by yt-dlp (Alias: --no-prefer-ffmpeg)
--prefer-ffmpeg Default (Alias: --no-prefer-avconv)
-C, --call-home Not implemented
--no-call-home Default
--include-ads No longer supported
--no-include-ads Default
--write-annotations No supported site has annotations now
--no-write-annotations Default
--avconv-location Removed alias for --ffmpeg-location
--cn-verification-proxy URL Removed alias for --geo-verification-proxy URL
--dump-headers Removed alias for --print-traffic
--dump-intermediate-pages Removed alias for --dump-pages
--youtube-skip-dash-manifest Removed alias for --extractor-args "youtube:skip=dash" (Alias: --no-youtube-include-dash-manifest)
--youtube-skip-hls-manifest Removed alias for --extractor-args "youtube:skip=hls" (Alias: --no-youtube-include-hls-manifest)
--youtube-include-dash-manifest Default (Alias: --no-youtube-skip-dash-manifest)
--youtube-include-hls-manifest Default (Alias: --no-youtube-skip-hls-manifest)
--youtube-print-sig-code Removed testing functionality
--dump-user-agent No longer supported
--xattr-set-filesize No longer supported
--compat-options seperate-video-versions No longer needed
--compat-options no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date No longer supported
Removed
These options were deprecated since 2014 and have now been entirely removed
-A, --auto-number -o "%(autonumber)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"
-t, -l, --title, --literal -o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"
CONTRIBUTING
See
CONTRIBUTING.md
for instructions on
Opening an Issue
and
Contributing code to the project
WIKI
See the
Wiki
for more information
About
A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader
discord.gg/H5MNcFW63r
Topics
python
cli
downloader
youtube-dl
youtube-downloader
sponsorblock
yt-dlp
Resources
Readme
License
Unlicense license
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yt-dlp 2026.03.17
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