GNU's Bulletin, vol. 1 no. 18
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GNU's Bulletin, vol. 1 no. 18, January, 1995
Table of Contents
GNU's Who
Administrivia and Copyright
What Is the FSF?
What Is Copyleft?
What Is the Hurd?
Free Software Redistributors Donate
Help from Free Software Companies
Zimmermann Legal Defense Fund Appeal
Free Software Support
News from the LPF
What Is the LPF?
End of Apple Boycott
Third Annual GNU Seminars in Japan
GNU and Other Free Software in Japan
Free Unix for Romania
GNUs Flashes
Guile
Help the GNU Locale Project
Forthcoming GNUs
Freely Available Texts
GNU Software
Program/Package Cross Reference
Tapes
Languages Tape
Lisps and Emacs Tape
Utilities Tape
Scheme Tape
X11 Tapes
Berkeley 4.4BSD--Lite Tape
VMS Emacs and VMS Compiler Tapes
CD-ROMs
Pricing of the GNU CD-ROMs
MS-DOS CD-ROM
Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROM
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
Source Code CD-ROMs
December 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
May 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
November 1993 Source Code CD-ROM
MS-DOS Diskettes
DJGPP Diskettes
Emacs Diskettes
Selected Utilities Diskettes
Windows Diskette
Tape & CD-ROM Subscription Service
The Deluxe Distribution
GNU Documentation
How to Get GNU Software
Other GPLed Software
Free Software for Microcomputers
FSF T-shirt
Project GNU Wish List
Thank GNUs
Donations Translate Into Free Software
Cygnus Matches Donations!
Free Software Foundation Order Form
Address Page
The GNU's Bulletin is the semi-annual newsletter of the
Free Software Foundation, bringing you
news about the GNU Project.
Free Software Foundation, Inc. Telephone: +1--617--876--3296
675 Massachusetts Avenue Fax: (including Japan) +1--617--492--9057
Cambridge, MA 02139-3309 Free Dial Fax (in Japan):
USA 0031--13--2473 (KDD)
Electronic mail:
gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
0066--3382--0158 (IDC)
GNU's Who
Ian Murdock
joins us to do Debian GNU/Linux releases
and other programming tasks.
Michael Bushnell
and
Roland McGrath
work together on the Hurd.
Roland
also maintains
make
and the GNU C library.
Karl Heuer
enhances GNU Emacs.
Dan Hagerty
has been hired as our system obfuscator and release
coordinator.
Charles Hannum
works on typesetting and many other jobs.
Robert J. Chassell
is our Secretary/Treasurer.
Lisa Bloch
is our Executive Director.
Carl Hoffman
is our Japan fundraiser and conference organizer.
Recent hire
Mike Drain
is our distribution manager and
Bryttan Bradley
manages many of the functions of the Business Office.
Mark Ashton
worked on OCR software for us this summer and has now
gone back to finish college.
Noah Friedman
Jan Brittenson
Larissa Carlson
and
Len Kagelmacher
have left the FSF. We thank them all for doing excellent work
and for continuing to volunteer their time.
Noah
was one of the
most dedicated and hardest working employees we have had and
is particularly missed.
Richard Stallman
continues as a volunteer who does countless tasks,
such as Emacs maintenance. Thanks to volunteers
Scott Ewing
and
Raja Daoud
for helping to coordinate all the volunteers in the GNU
Project.
Thanks to volunteer
Tami Friedman
for handling much administrivia
here at the FSF.
Volunteer
Len Tower
remains our online JOAT
(jack-of-all-trades), handling mailing lists and gnUSENET, information
requests, etc.
Administrivia and Copyright
Written and Edited by: Karl Heuer, Daniel Hagerty,
Robert J. Chassell and Leonard H. Tower Jr.
Illustrations by: Etienne Suvasa
Japanese Edition by: Mieko Hikichi and Nobuyuki Hikichi
ISSN (International Standard Serial Number): 1075-7813
The GNU's Bulletin is published at the end of January and the end of June
of each
year. Please note that there is no postal mailing list. To get a copy,
send your name and address with your request to the address on
page 1. Enclosing a business sized self-addressed stamped envelope ($0.52)
and/or a donation of a few dollars is appreciated but not required.
If you're from outside the USA, sending a mailing label and enough
International Reply Coupons for a package of about 100 grams is appreciated
but not required. (Including a few extra International Reply Coupons for
copying costs is also appreciated.)
Copyright (C) 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This page is licensed under a
Creative
Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...imagine how little used calculus would have been if a court had
decided that no one could study, use or do research on it without
paying a royalty to Newton's designated heirs.
- The Independent, October 5, 1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What Is the FSF?
The Free Software Foundation is dedicated to eliminating restrictions on
people's right to use, copy, modify and redistribute computer programs.
We do this by promoting the development and use of free software.
Specifically, we are putting together a complete, integrated software
system named "GNU" (pronounced "guh-new", "GNU's Not Unix") that
will be upwardly compatible with Unix. Most parts of this system are
already being used and distributed.
The word "free" in our name refers to freedom, not price. You may or may
not pay money to get GNU software, but either way you have two specific
freedoms once you get it: first, the freedom to copy a program and give it
away to your friends and co-workers; and second, the freedom to change a
program as you wish, by having full access to source code. You can study
the source and learn how such programs are written. You may then be able
to port it, improve it and share your changes with others. If you
redistribute GNU software you may charge a distribution fee or give it
away, so long as you include the source code and the GPL; see section
What Is Copyleft?
, for details.
Other organizations distribute whatever free software happens to be
available. By contrast, the Free Software Foundation concentrates on the
development of new free software, working towards a GNU system complete
enough to eliminate the need to use a proprietary system.
Besides developing GNU, the FSF distributes GNU software and manuals for a
distribution fee and accepts gifts (tax-deductible in the U.S.) to support
GNU development. Most of the FSF's funds come from its distribution
service.
The Board of the Foundation is: Richard M. Stallman, President;
Robert J. Chassell, Secretary/Treasurer; Gerald J. Sussman,
Harold Abelson, and Leonard H. Tower Jr., Directors.
What Is Copyleft?
The simplest way to make a program free is to put it in the public domain,
uncopyrighted. But this permits proprietary modified versions, which deny
others the freedom to redistribute and modify; such versions undermine the
goal of giving freedom to
all
users. To prevent this,
copyleft
uses copyrights in a novel manner. Typically copyrights
take away freedoms; copyleft preserves them. It is a legal instrument that
requires those who pass on a program to include the rights to use, modify,
and redistribute the code; the code and the freedoms become legally
inseparable.
The copyleft used by the GNU Project is made from the combination of a
regular copyright notice and the
GNU General Public License
(GPL).
The GPL is a copying license which basically says that you have the
aforementioned freedoms. An alternate form, the
GNU Library General
Public License
(LGPL), applies to a few GNU libraries. This license
permits linking the libraries into proprietary executables under certain
conditions. The appropriate license is included in each GNU source code
distribution and in many manuals. Printed copies are available upon request.
We strongly encourage you to copyleft your programs and documentation,
and we have made it as simple as possible for you to do so. The details
on how to apply either form of public license appear at the end of each
license.
What Is the Hurd?
The Hurd will be the foundation of the whole GNU system. It is is a
collection of server processes that run on top of Mach, a
free message-passing kernel developed by CMU. Mach's virtual memory
management and message-passing facilities are extensively used by the Hurd.
The GNU C Library will provide the Unix system call interface, using the
Hurd servers for those services it can't provide itself.
One goal of the Hurd is to establish a framework for shared development and
maintenance. The Hurd is like GNU Emacs in that it will allow users to
create and share useful projects without knowing much about the internal
workings of the system--projects that might never have been attempted
without freely available source, a well-designed interface, and a
multiple server design.
Currently there are free ports of the Mach kernel to the 386 PC, the DEC
PMAX workstation, and several other machines, with more in progress,
including the Amiga, PA-RISC HP 700 & DEC Alpha-3000. Contact us if
you want to help with one of these or start your own. Porting the GNU Hurd
& GNU C Library is easy (easier than porting GNU Emacs, certainly easier
than porting GCC) once a Mach port to a particular platform exists. Right
now we are using the University of Utah's Mach distribution, but we
hope that will be unified with the distribution produced by the Open
Software Foundation.
Important progress has been made recently; see section
GNUs Flashes
There are significant projects relating to the Hurd for which we need
volunteers. Experienced system programmers who are interested should send
mail to
gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
. Porting the Mach kernel or the
GNU C Library to new systems is another way to help development of the
Hurd.
Free Software Redistributors Donate
by Richard Stallman
The
Sun Users Group Deutschland
has agreed to add a donation to the
FSF to the price of their next CD-ROM of GNU software. Potential purchasers
will know precisely how much of the price is for the FSF and how much is for SUGD.
Austin Code Works
, a redistributor of free software, is supporting
free software development by giving the FSF 20% of the selling price for
the GNU software packages they produce and sell.
Walnut Creek CD-ROM, Inc.
and
Info
Magic
, two more free software redistributors, are also giving us a
percentage of their selling price.
CQ Publishing
made a large donation from the sales of their book
about GAWK in Japanese.
In the long run, the success of free software depends on how much new free
software people develop. Free software distribution offers an opportunity
to raise funds for such development in an ethical way. These
redistributors have made use of the opportunity. Many others let it go to
waste.
You can help promote free software development by convincing for-a-fee
redistributors to contribute--either by doing development themselves,
or by donating to development organizations (the FSF and others).
The way to convince distributors to contribute is to demand and expect
this of them. This means choosing among distributors partly by how
much they give to free software development. Then you can show
distributors they must compete to be the one who gives the most.
To make this work, you must insist on numbers that you can compare, such
as, "We will give ten dollars to the Foobar project for each disk sold."
A vague commitment, such as "A portion of the profits are donated",
doesn't give you a basis for comparison. Even a precise fraction "of the
profits from this disk" is not very meaningful, since creative accounting
and unrelated business decisions can greatly alter what fraction of the
sales price counts as profit.
Also, press developers for firm information about what kind of development
they do or support. Some kinds make much more long-term difference than
others. For example, maintaining a separate version of a GNU program
contributes very little; maintaining a program on behalf of the GNU Project
contributes much. Easy new ports contribute little, since someone else
would surely do them; difficult ports such as adding a new CPU to the GNU
compiler contribute more; major new features and programs contribute the
most.
By establishing the idea that supporting further development is "the
proper thing to do" when distributing free software for a fee, we can
assure a steady flow of resources for making more free software.
Help from Free Software Companies
When choosing a free software business, ask those you are considering
how much they do to assist free software development, e.g., by
contributing money to free software development or by writing free
software improvements themselves for general use. By basing your
decision partially on this factor, you can help encourage those who
profit from free software to contribute to its growth.
These free software support companies regularly donate a part of their
income to the Free Software Foundation to support the development of new
GNU programs. Listing them here is our way of thanking them.
Wingnut has made a pledge to donate 10% of their income to the FSF, and
have also purchased several Deluxe Distribution packages in Japan.
(Wingnut is SRA's special GNU support group).
Also see section
Cygnus Matches Donations!
Wingnut Project
Software Research Associates, Inc.
1-1-1 Hirakawa-cho, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 102, Japan
Phone: (+81-3)3234-2611
Fax: (+81-3)3942-5174
E-mail:
info-wingnut@sra.co.jp
Contributed Software GbR
Graefestr. 76
D-10967 Berlin
Germany
Telephone: (+49-30) 694-69-07
Fax: (+49-30) 694-68-09
Electronic-Mail:
info@contrib.de
BBS & no-charge free software archive:
Dialins: (+49-30) 693-40-51 (eight USR DS's)
(+49-30) 694-60-55 (five ZyXELs)
Telnet:
uropax.contrib.de
[192.109.39.2]
FTP:
ftp.contrib.de
WWW: `http://www.contrib.de/'
Zimmermann Legal Defense Fund Appeal
Phil Zimmermann, who wrote the public-key encryption program known as
Pretty Good Privacy ("PGP") and released it on the Internet, is now
facing prosecution for "exporting" it out of the United States.
There is a law prohibiting the export of encryption software from the
US. Zimmermann did not do this, but the US government hopes to
establish the proposition that posting an encryption program on a BBS
or on the Internet constitutes exporting it--in effect, stretching
export control into domestic censorship.
If the government wins, that will have a chilling effect on the free
flow of information on the global network, as well as on everyone's
privacy from government snooping.
Estimates are that Zimmermann's defense will cost over $100,000--and
that doesn't even count lawyers' fees. To help pay this, a legal
trust fund, the Philip Zimmermann Defense Fund (PZDF), has been
established. Donations are accepted in any reliable form, check,
money order, or wire transfer, and in any currency, as well as by
credit card.
To send a check or money order by mail, make it payable,
not
to
Phil Zimmermann, but to "Philip L. Dubois, Attorney Trust Account."
Mail the check or money order to the following address:
Philip Dubois
2305 Broadway
Boulder, CO 80304
USA
Telephone: +1-303-444-3885
To send a wire transfer, your bank will need the following information:
Bank: VectraBank
Routing #: 107004365
Account #: 0113830
Account Name: ``Philip L. Dubois, Attorney Trust Account''
Free Software Support
The Free Software Foundation does not provide technical support. Our
mission is developing software, because that is the most time-efficient way
to increase what free software can do. We leave it to others to earn a
living providing support. We see programmers as providing a service, much
as doctors and lawyers now do; both medical and legal knowledge are freely
redistributable, but their practitioners charge for service.
The GNU Service Directory is a list of people who offer support and other
consulting services. It is in the file `etc/SERVICE' in the GNU Emacs
distribution, `SERVICE' in the GCC distribution and
`/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/SERVICE' on a GNU FTP host (see section
How to Get GNU Software
for a list).
Contact us if you would like a copy or wish to be listed in it.
Those service providers who share their income with the FSF are
listed in section
Help from Free Software Companies
If you find a deficiency in any GNU software, we want to know. We have
many Internet mailing lists for bug reports, announcements and questions.
They are also gatewayed into USENET news as the
gnu.*
newsgroups.
You can request a list of the mailing lists from either address on
the top menu.
When we receive a bug report, we usually try to fix the problem. While our
bug fixes may seem like individual assistance, they are not; they are part
of preparing a new improved version. We may send you a patch for a bug so
that you can help us test the fix and ensure its quality. If your bug
report does not evoke a solution from us, you may still get one from
another user who reads our bug report mailing lists. Otherwise, use the
Service Directory.
Please do not ask us to help you install software or figure out how to use
it--but do tell us how an installation script fails or where
documentation is unclear.
If you have no Internet access, you can get mail and USENET news via
UUCP. Contact a local UUCP site, or a commercial UUCP site such as:
UUNET Communications Services
3110 Fairview Park Drive -- Suite 570
Falls Church, VA 22042
USA
Telephone: +1-800-4UUNET4
+1-703-204-8000
Fax: +1-703-204-8001
Electronic-Mail:
info@uunet.uu.net
A list of commercial UUCP and Internet service providers is posted
periodically to USENET in the newsgroup
news.announce.newusers
with
`Subject: How to become a USENET site'. You can also get it via
anonymous FTP from the host
rtfm.mit.edu
in the file
`How_to_become_a_USENET_site', in the directory
`/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers'.
When choosing a service provider, ask those you are considering how
much they do to assist free software development, e.g., by contributing
money to free software development or by writing free software
improvements themselves for general use. By basing your decision partially
on this factor, you can encourage those who profit from free software
to contribute to its growth.
News from the LPF
Changing Tactics:
The LPF has recently been placing less emphasis on communicating its position
to individual programmers, and more on communicating with government and
industry.
During 1994, the LPF testified at two patent office hearings and filed papers
in two court cases (the Lotus v. Borland appeal and another look and feel
case in Texas). These activities are less visible to the public, but directly
relate to the goals of the LPF.
The LPF has also decided to drop the boycott against look and feel plaintiffs
as a tactic.
The LPF has been attempting to establish relationships with companies within
the software industry. Adobe, Autodesk, Oracle, Synopsis, and Wind River
Systems have all publically issued statements opposed to software patents.
It is a slow process, but real progress is being made.
Web Site:
The LPF now has a World Wide Web server. It contains general information
relating to the LPF, various documents the LPF has published, and any other
related information the LPF is able to assemble. The Web site is available
at URL: `http://www.lpf.org/'. Please suggest improvements to:
webmasters@lpf.org
What Is the LPF?
The League for Programming Freedom (LPF) aims to protect the freedom
to write software. This freedom is threatened by "look-and-feel"
interface copyright lawsuits and by software patents.
The League for Programming Freedom is a grass-roots organization of
professors, students, business people, programmers, users, and and even
software companies dedicated to bringing back the freedom to write
programs. The League is not opposed to the legal system that Congress
intended--copyright on individual programs. Our aim is to reverse the
recent changes made by judges in response to special interests.
Membership dues in the League are $42 per year for programmers, managers
and professionals; $10.50 for students; $21 for others.
To join, please send a check and the following information:
Your name and phone numbers (home, work, or both).
The address to use for League mailings, a few each year (please indicate
whether it is your home address or your work address).
The company you work for, and your position.
Your email address, so the League can contact you for political action.
(If you don't want to be contacted for this, please say so, but please
provide your email address anyway.)
Please mention anything about you which would enable your
endorsement of the LPF to impress the public.
Please say whether you would like to help with LPF activities.
The League is not connected with the Free Software Foundation and is not
concerned with the issue of free software. The FSF supports the LPF because,
like any software developer smaller than IBM, it is endangered by
software patents and interface copyrights.
You are in danger, too! It would be easy to ignore
the problem until you or your employer is sued, but it is more prudent
to organize before that happens.
If you haven't made up your mind yet, write to LPF for more information:
League for Programming Freedom
1 Kendall Square - #143
P.O. Box 9171
Cambridge, MA 02139
USA
Telephone: +1-617-243-4091
Electronic-Mail:
lpf@uunet.uu.net
WWW: `http://www.lpf.org/'
FTP:
ftp.uu.net:/doc/lpf
End of Apple Boycott
For several years, the Free Software Foundation has participated in a
boycott of Apple, Lotus & Xerox sponsored by the League for Programming
Freedom.
The League for Programming Freedom has decided to end the boycott
(see section
News from the LPF
). So the FSF will now treat
Apple operating systems like other non-free operating systems. This means
we will accept patches for Apple systems when that is easy and painless,
and usually not otherwise.
The aim of the GNU Project is developing the GNU operating system.
Supporting other operating systems is something we do as a sideline
when it seems good to do. If changes to support some other system are
likely to take substantial maintenance time, it is better for us to
reject them, and spend that time on tasks that contribute directly to
the GNU system.
Third Annual GNU Seminars in Japan
The FSF sponsored the third annual GNU Technical Seminar on December 5,
1994 in Tokyo. Richard Stallman spoke on the GNU Project and the GNU
extension language plans. Gavin T. Nicol then spoke on the World
Wide Web and compared the existing free operating systems. Finally,
Michael Bushnell spoke on the Hurd. Bob Myers and David
Littleboy translated the English lectures into Japanese. Over 140 people
attended the seminar, and some Japanese publications interviewed Richard
Stallman. The FSF also premiered the latest editions of our Source Code
and Compiler Tool Binaries CD-ROMs. The seminar was supported by several
organizations who did all the behind-scene work: LS-JP, NSUG,
JUS, SEA, and CSRL-Aoyama Gakuin; and was supervised by
Masayuki Ida, Carl Hoffman and Nobuyuki Hikichi.
The Lisp Society of Japan, Computer Science
Research Lab at Aoyama Gakuin University, and
Software Research Associates, Inc. (SRA), and their staff
provided help in countless ways for this seminar and the entire trip to
Japan.
Seminars were also held at Aoyama Gakuin on December 7th, where Richard
Stallman spoke on GNU Emacs Lisp as an Extension Language, and at The
University of Aizu where both Richard Stallman & Michael Bushnell
spoke.
The Japan Unix Society gave the FSF a booth at Unix Fair '94 in Yokohama.
We thank all the volunteers and organizations who helped run this booth.
Our success at the seminars and trade show exceeded our expectations. We
received many unsolicited donations from individual supporters and users'
groups, and are thankful for the number of enthusiastic volunteers who
helped us. In the future we hope to appear at even more Unix events both
in Japan and elsewhere. If you would like to host a seminar, or need a
speaker for a conference, please contact either address on
the top menu.
GNU and Other Free Software in Japan
Mieko (
h-mieko@sra.co.jp
) and Nobuyuki Hikichi
hikichi@sra.co.jp
) continue to volunteer for the GNU
Project in Japan. They translate each issue of this Bulletin into
Japanese and distribute it widely, along with their translation of the
GNU General Public License Version 2. This translation of the GPL is
authorized by the FSF and is available by anonymous FTP from
ftp.sra.co.jp
in `/pub/gnu/local-fix/GPL2-j'.
They are working on a formal translation of the GNU Library General
Public License. They also solicit donations and offer GNU software
consulting.
nepoch
(the Japanese version of Epoch) and MULE are available and
widely used in Japan. MULE (the MULtilingual Enhancement of GNU Emacs) can
handle many character sets at once. Its features are being merged
into the FSF's version of Emacs. The FSF does not distribute
nepoch
, but MULE is available (see section
December 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
and the section
Emacs Diskettes
). You
can FTP it from
sh.wide.ad.jp
in
/JAPAN/mule
or
etlport.etl.go.jp
in
/pub/mule
. See section
GNU Software
for more information about MULE.
The Village Center, Inc. prints a Japanese translation of the
GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
and uploads the Texinfo source to
various bulletin boards. They have also published a copylefted book,
Nobuyuki's and Mieko's
Think GNU
. This appears to be the first
non-FSF copylefted publication in Japan. Part of their profits are
donated to the FSF. Their address is:
Village Center, Inc.
3-2 Kanda Jinbo-cho, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 101, Japan
Telephone: 03-3221-3520
Addison-Wesley Publishers Japan Ltd. has printed a Japanese translation of
the
GNU Make Manual
and the
GAWK Manual
Their address is:
Addison-Wesley Publishers Japan Ltd.
Nichibou Bldg. 2F
1-2-2 Sarugaku-cho, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 101, Japan
Telephone: 03-3291-4581
The Institute for New Generation Computer Technology, ICOT, has
released the "ICOT Free Software (IFS)" distribution. The famous
Fifth Generation Computing System project produced this distribution,
which includes 100 systems for symbol processing, knowledge
processing, problem solving, inference, and natural language
processing. Many of them are based on parallel logic programming.
Nearly half of the software can run on Unix workstations. For details,
contact
ifs@icot.or.jp
There is a mailing list in Japan to discuss both hardware and software
which is under the GNU General Public License. This list provides
information about making your own computer system. The main language used
on the list is Japanese. If you are interested in getting information or
having discussions in English, contact
mka@apricot.juice.or.jp
or
ishiz@muraoka.info.waseda.ac.jp
Many groups in Japan now distribute GNU software. They include JUG, a PC
user group; ASCII, a periodical and book publisher; the Fujitsu FM
Towns users group; and SRA's special GNU support group, called Wingnut, who
also purchased the first Deluxe package in Japan. (Since then, there have
been several other purchases of the Deluxe package in Japan.)
It is easy to place an order directly with the FSF from Japan, thus funding
new code. To get an FSF Order Form written in Japanese, ask
japan-fsf-orders@prep.ai.mit.edu
We encourage you to buy
software on tapes or CDs: for example, every 160 tape orders allows FSF to
hire a programmer for a year to write more free software.
Free Unix for Romania
In 1992, Marius Hancu,
hancu@crim.ca
, began a project to send
freely distributable software to Romania, called "Free Unix for Romania."
At that time, little such software was available in Romania. Recently, Ted
Lungu,
lungu@thak.jpl.nasa.gov
, took over project coordination.
The main focus has been on sending editors, debuggers, compilers, and
operating system distributions using GNU/Linux and Free/NetBSD--all
freely redistributable and able to run on inexpensive 80386 and 80486
PCs.
In addition, they have sought donations, sent equipment and computer
science books to Romania, and created a list of volunteer technical
consultants.
GNUs Flashes
Hurd
(Also see section
What Is the Hurd?
The GNU Hurd now runs many programs native.
It can run GCC,
make
, Emacs,
and most other GNU utilities. Progress is being made so rapidly that by the
time you read this it probably does much more. It is right on the verge of
being self-hosting (able to run on its own well enough to compile its own
source code and be used for its own development).
For a complete system we still have much more work to do, but we will make
an alpha release as soon as the network software is finished and shared
libraries have been implemented. We have a mailing list to distribute
announcements about progress; to be added to it, send mail to
hurd-announce-request@prep.ai.mit.edu
Mach and 4.4BSD--Lite for PA-RISC HP 700
An almost complete snapshot of a Mach/4.4BSD--Lite based single-server for
the PA-RISC HP 700 is available from
`jaguar.cs.utah.edu:/flexmach' by anonymous FTP.
The snapshot provides binaries for the "Lites" BSD-based
single-server, freely redistributable sources for a complete Mach
kernel with integrated support for the PA-RISC 1.1 (HP 700)
platform, a complete GNU tool chain for the ELF object format, and
other software. (Sources for the floating point emulation library are
not available.)
The developers caution that this (December 1994) snapshot is for
hard-core operating system hackers only. This is not a formal release
and is not yet robust. Check
`http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/flexmach/' for more
information.
GNU Software Now Works on MS-DOS
(Also see section
GNU Software
GNU Emacs 19 and many other GNU programs have been ported to MS-DOS
for 386 and 486 based machines. We ship binaries & sources on the
section
DJGPP Diskettes
, section
Emacs Diskettes
, & the section
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
, & soon on the
section
MS-DOS CD-ROM
GAS merged with Binutils
(Also see section
GNU Software
Due to large amounts of shared code, GAS, the GNU Assembler, has been
merged with GNU Binutils.
Two calculators in one
(Also see section
GNU Software
The RPN calculator
dc
, once packaged alone, is now packaged with
bc
. Unlike the traditional Unix implementation, GNU
bc
is not
just a front end for
dc
The Dictionary Project
The FSF has a copy of the
Century Dictionary
, an unabridged
dictionary now in the public domain, and we are planning to put it online.
We tried OCR, but it wasn't reliable enough.
We're now waiting for the results from the first batch of
dictionary volunteers. We've decided to see how well the process
works with the first batch before we ask anyone else to do work.
4.4BSD--Lite
(Also see section
Berkeley 4.4BSD--Lite Tape
The FSF is distributing 4.4BSD--Lite (instead of the old
Berkeley Networking 2 tape). The "Lite" refers to the omitting of some
proprietary files that still remain in the full 4.4BSD distribution.
However, 4.4BSD--Lite is considerably more complete than the previous
Networking 2 release.
Common Lisp Freed!
(Also see section
GNU Software
We now distribute GNU Common Lisp (GCL). Previously, GCL had distribution
terms under which each user had to have a signed paper contract on file.
However, the authors recently decided to switch to the LGPL.
New Packages on the Languages Tape
(Also
see section
GNU Software
OBST, the GNU Objective-C Library and Perl 5 have been added.
New Program on the Utilities Tape
(Also
see section
GNU Software
netfax
has been replaced by
FlexFAX
New Programs on the Source Code CD-ROM
This CD-ROM has all the new programs and changes on the tapes.
See section
December 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
, for details.
GNU Column in Linux Magazine
Arnold Robbins,
arnold@gnu.ai.mit.edu
, a long-time volunteer
for the GNU Project, is the author of "What's GNU?", a semi-regular column in
the monthly magazine
Linux Journal
. The column discusses the
GNU Project, its software and other interesting free software. Authors
of significant GNU software packages occasionally write columns as
guest authors. For subscription information, contact
subs@ssc.com
Experimental Tape Takes a Recess
(Also
see section
Tapes
We are not currently distributing the Experimental Tape because most of the
programs that were on it are now stable and have moved to other tapes.
The FSF now takes American Express
We now accept the American Express credit card in addition to Visa,
Mastercard, JCB, Diner's Club, and Carte Blanche. Please note that we are
charged about 5% of an order's total amount in credit card processing fees.
Please consider paying by check instead, or adding on a 5% donation to make
up the difference.
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
We have a new edition of the Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM with updated
versions of all the software on it.
It contains executables of the GNU compiler tools
for some systems that don't normally come with a compiler. This allows
users of those systems to compile their own software without
having to buy a proprietary compiler. See section
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
, for details,
including which platforms are supported.
We hope to include more systems with each update of this CD. If you
can help build binaries for new systems, or have one to suggest,
please contact us at either address on
the top menu.
Source CD-ROM Subscriptions
We offer a subscription service for the Source Code CD-ROM in
addition to our tape subscription service. For the price of 3 CD-ROMs
(plus any shipping costs) you get the next 4 that we make. We make between
two and four updates a year. See section
Tape & CD-ROM Subscription Service
FSF Accepts Orders and Donations via Fax
You can now send orders and donations to the FSF by fax. Please fax us a
completed
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
including credit card information, since orders must
be prepaid. We do
not
accept purchase orders. The number is
+1--617--492--9057.
Individuals in Japan who are unable to place international calls may use
the "free dial" numbers: 0031--13--2473 (KDD) and
0066--3382--0158 (IDC).
A new FSF T-shirt!
There is a new version of our T-shirt.
The previous version of the T-shirt will remain available while
supplies last, but please contact the office to see if we have
what you would like before ordering. See section
FSF T-shirt
Guile
If a software system includes several programs that are extensible, they
should all use the same extension language implementation. This means less
for extension writers to learn, and that libraries of extensions may
be useful with more than one program. A common language enables programs
to exchange complex data structures or source code. A common
implementation conserves both system and maintainer resources.
The GNU Project has started to build Guile: GNUs' Ubiquitous Extension
Language. We will produce a library which programmers can use to make
any ordinary C program extensible. We expect to use this library in
many GNU programs and hope to see wide use elsewhere.
We are basing Guile on SCM, a version of Scheme written by Aubrey Jaffer
(see the JACAL item in section
GNU Software
). A number of cosmetic changes
are being made, so the interpreter will be more useful as a C library.
Volunteers are working on a complete Posix interface, an SCSH-like library,
and a module system.
Releases with only some of the features mentioned will begin early in 1995.
SCM is already available.
The copyright terms for Guile will permit the use of the library even in
proprietary programs. We plan to use terms similar to those used for X11.
Choosing Scheme helps to put aside controversy over "which extension
language is best". It is a convenient target language, into which other
languages may be translated. Even though maintainers must choose one
extension language implementation, users can choose from any number of
extension languages.
Anyone can make Guile applications programmable in their favorite
language simply by writing a new translator. We intend to have a
language that is like simplified C and one that is like an interactive
command processor syntax. Guile will be able to run Emacs Lisp programs.
Help the GNU Locale Project
The GNU locale package (glocale) is a set of tools that provides a
framework to help other GNU packages produce multilingual messages.
glocale is currently undergoing alpha testing.
A handful of GNU packages have already been adapted and provided with
message translations for several languages. Translation teams have begun
to organize, using these packages as a starting point. But there are many
more packages and many languages for which we have no volunteer
translators. If you'd like to volunteer to work at translating messages,
please send mail to
gnu-locale@prep.ai.mit.edu
indicating what
language(s) you can work on.
Forthcoming GNUs
Information about the current status of released GNU programs can be found
in section
GNU Software
. Here is some news of future plans.
New CD-ROMs from the FSF
(see section
CD-ROMs
We will release the sixth edition of its Source Code CD-ROM in March
1995. We will also be releasing two new CDs: the MS-DOS CD-ROM in
February 1995; & the Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROM in Spring 1995; both of
them will come in a book describing their contents. Contact either address
on
the top menu,
for more information then.
Programming in Emacs Lisp, An Intro.
(see section
GNU Documentation
In February, the FSF will publish the first edition of
Programming in
Emacs Lisp, An Introduction
by Robert J. Chassell (who, in another guise,
is the FSF's Secretary/Treasurer). This book is an elementary
introduction, written for people who are not programmers & who do
not necessarily wish to be, but who do want to extend Emacs. The
book walks though code used in GNU Emacs & has many sample programs
that you can run in Emacs.
GNU Objective-C Class Library
(Also see section
GNU Software
Future versions, of the GNU Objective-C Class Library (
libobjects
),
will have String objects that are integrated into the
Collection object hierarchy, a better allocation/deallocation
mechanism, improved features for distributed objects (including a
back-end using Mach ports instead of sockets), more extensive
random number generator facilities, and ports to more machines.
Volunteers are needed for additional projects; contact
mccallum@gnu.ai.mit.edu
GNUStep: GNU OpenStep
OpenStep is an object-oriented application programming interface
specification being proposed as an open object standard. Since its
announcement over a year ago, there has been much interest in a GNU
implementation, which is named GNUStep. Work has started on an
implementation using an existing library written in Objective-C as a
starting point. Much work remains to be done to bring this library close to
the OpenStep specifications. Volunteers should contact
Paul_Kunz@slac.stanford.edu
makeinfo
and the World Wide Web
(Also see section
GNU Software
makeinfo
is being modified to translate Texinfo source files into
HTML documents that can be displayed from the Internet's World Wide Web.
GNU Common Lisp
(For current status, see section
GNU Software
Version 1.1 of GNU Common Lisp (GCL) was released in November.
Development is now concentrating on a TK based graphical window
interface; a beta version will be available by time you read this Bulletin.
Both GCL specific documentation, and a Texinfo version of the proposed ANSI
standard have been written. Work on conditions, installing the new
compiler, and internals is underway. Volunteers for parts of the move to
the ANSI standard and to convert the current GCL specific documentation to
Texinfo are most welcome; contact
schelter@math.utexas.edu
GNU Emacs
(For current status, see section
GNU Software
Emacs is the extensible, customizable, self-documenting real-time display
editor & computing environment. The next release will have support for
Windows NT, be able to communicate with multiple X displays at once & be
able to save text properties in files for editing formatted text. Future
releases will include: different visibility conditions for regions & for
multiple windows showing the same buffer, incrementally saving the undo
history in a file, so that you can undo older changes in the history,
support for both variable-width fonts & wide character sets
including
all the world's major languages.
C Interpreter
We hope to add interpreter facilities to the GNU compiler and debugger.
This task is partly finished. GCC now generates byte code (for all
supported languages: C, C++ and Objective-C) and another package
interprets it.
To make this work usable, we need to add features to GDB to load the byte
code dynamically. We also would like C compiler support for compiling just
a specified few functions in a file. Due to limited resources, the FSF
cannot fund this. Interested volunteers should contact
gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
GCC
(For current status, see section
GNU Software
New front ends for GCC are being developed for Pascal and Chill. See the
GNU Fortran and GNAT items in this article for news on those front ends.
GNAT: The GNU Ada Translator
Not yet available from the FSF
A front end for much of Ada 9X (GNAT: The GNU Ada Translator) is available
via anonymous FTP from
cs.nyu.edu
in `/pub/gnat'. News about
GNAT is posted to the USENET newsgroup
comp.lang.ada
GNU Fortran
(For info on
f2c
& GCC, see section
GNU Software
We have released GNU Fortran (
g77
), developed by Craig Burley,
for public beta testing. For the time being,
g77
produces code
that is generally object-compatible with
f2c
, and they use the
same run-time library (
libf2c
).
The
g77
front end is stable, but work is needed to bring its
overall packaging, feature set, and performance up to the levels the
Fortran community expects. Tasks to be done include: writing
documentation; improving diagnostics; speeding up compilation
especially for large initialized data tables; implementing
INTEGER*2
INTEGER*8
, and similar features; and
arranging to build and install
libf2c
automatically.
We don't know when these things will be done, but we hope some will be
finished in the coming months. You can speed progress by working on
some of them or by offering funding.
A mailing list exists for announcements about
g77
. To
subscribe, ask
info-gnu-fortran-request@prep.ai.mit.edu
To contact the developer of
g77
, write to
fortran@prep.ai.mit.edu
Ghostscript
(For current status, see section
GNU Software
Ghostscript 3.0 will be released and distributed by the FSF late in 1995; a
future GNU's Bulletin will have a more definite date. It will implement
the full Postscript Level 2 language except for LZW compression, which
can't be freely implemented because of software patents.
(Prohibitions on programming like this are what the
League for Programming Freedom is
fighting. See section
What Is the LPF?
, for details.)
Oleo
(For current status, see section
GNU Software
Volunteers are writing an Oleo manual and extensions to the Oleo interface.
rx
, a faster regular expression library
Tom Lord has written
rx
, a new regular expression library which is
faster than the current library we use. Currently it is only being
distributed with
sed
; eventually we will distribute it as a separate
package as well.
This new library is nearly a drop-in replacement for the current
regex
library used by the GNU Project, but it needs a few more features to
be used in Emacs.
Smalltalk
(For current status, see section
GNU Software
The next release, version 1.2, will use the
GNU Autoconf configuration system, and will have significant performance
improvements and memory requirement reductions, more control over the
memory allocation, ability to use the Smalltalk interpreter as a subroutine
(i.e., callable from C), better interfaces to the X Window System, ability
to represent and manipulate C data structures in Smalltalk, conditional
compilation facilities, large integer support, a complete GUI based class
browsing system, better (more complete/usable) TCP/IP interfaces, exception
support, and weak references & finalization support.
Freely Available Texts
Freely redistributable information isn't just software. We have a list
of groups providing various books, historical documents, and more. You can
FTP the list in file `/pub/gnu/FreelyAvailableTexts' from
prep.ai.mit.edu
. Please let either address on
the top menu
know of additional entries.
GNU Software
All our software is available via
FTP; see section
How to Get GNU Software
. In addition, we offer software on
various media and printed documentation:
section
CD-ROMs
section
Tapes
section
MS-DOS Diskettes
section
GNU Documentation
, which includes manuals and reference cards.
We welcome all bug reports sent to the appropriate electronic mailing list
(see section
Free Software Support
).
In the articles describing the contents of each medium, the version number
listed after each program name was current when we published this Bulletin.
When you order a distribution tape, diskette or newer CD-ROM, some of the
programs may be newer, and therefore the version number higher.
Key to cross reference:
BinCD
Binaries CD-ROM
DjgppD
Djgpp Diskettes
DosCD
MS-DOS CD-ROM
EmcsD
Emacs Diskettes
LspEmcT
Lisps/Emacs Tape
LangT
Languages Tape
LiteT
4.4BSD-Lite Tape
SchmT
Scheme Tape
SrcCD
Source CD-ROM
UtilD
Selected Utilities Diskettes
UtilT
Utilities Tape
VMSCompT
VMS Compiler Tape
VMSEmcsT
VMS Emacs Tape
WdwsD
Windows Diskette
X11OptT
X11 Optional Tape
X11ReqT
X11 Required Tape
Configuring GNU Software:
We are using a uniform scheme for configuring GNU software packages in
order to compile them. It uses the
autoconf
program (see item
below). The goal is to have all GNU software support the same
alternatives for naming machine and system types.
When the GNU system is complete it will be possible to configure and build
the entire system at once, eliminating the need to separately configure
each individual package.
The configuration scheme can also specify both the host and target system,
so you can easily configure and build cross-compilation tools.
GNU software currently available:
(For new features and coming programs, see section
Forthcoming GNUs
.)
acm
(SrcCD, UtilT)
acm
is a LAN-oriented, multiplayer aerial combat simulation that
runs under the X Window System. Players engage in air to air combat
against one another using heat seeking missiles and cannons.
We are working on more accurate simulation of real airplane flight
characteristics.
Autoconf
(SrcCD, UtilT)
Autoconf produces shell scripts which automatically configure source code
packages. These scripts adapt the packages to many kinds of Unix-like
systems without manual user intervention. Autoconf creates a script for a
package from a template file which lists the operating system features
which the package can use, in the form of
m4
macro calls. Autoconf
requires GNU
m4
to operate, but the resulting configure scripts it
generates do not.
Most GNU programs now use Autoconf-generated configure scripts.
BASH
(SrcCD, UtilT)
The GNU shell, BASH (
ourne
gain
SH
ell), is compatible with
the Unix
sh
and offers many extensions found in
csh
and
ksh
. BASH has job control,
csh
-style command history, and
command-line editing (with Emacs and
vi
modes built-in, and the
ability to rebind keys) via the
readline
library. BASH conforms to
the POSIX 1003.2 shell specification.
bc
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
bc
is an interactive algebraic language with arbitrary precision
numbers. GNU
bc
follows the POSIX.2-1992
standard, with several extensions including multi-character variable names,
an
else
statement, and full Boolean expressions.
The RPN calculator
dc
is now distributed as part of the same
package, but GNU
bc
is not implemented as a
dc
preprocessor.
BFD
(BinCD, DjggpD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD)
The
inary
ile
escriptor library allows a program which
operates on object files (e.g.,
ld
or GDB) to support many
different formats in a clean way. BFD provides a portable interface, so
that only BFD needs to know the details of a particular format. One result
is that all programs using BFD will support formats such as a.out, COFF,
and ELF. BFD comes with source for Texinfo documentation (not yet
published on paper).
Presently BFD is not distributed separately; it is included with
packages that use it.
Binutils
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD)
Binutils includes the programs:
ar
c++filt
demangle
gas
gprof
ld
nlmconv
nm
objcopy
objdump
ranlib
size
strings
and
strip
Binutils Version 2 uses the BFD library. The GNU
linker
ld
emits source-line numbered error messages for
multiply-defined symbols and undefined references. It interprets a
superset of the AT&T Linker Command Language, which gives general control
over where segments are placed in memory.
nlmconv
converts object
files into Novell NetWare Loadable Modules.
objdump
can
disassemble code for a29k, ALPHA, H8/300, H8/500, HP-PA, i386, i960, m68k,
m88k, MIPS, SH, SPARC, & Z8000 processors, and can display other data
(e.g., symbols & relocations) from any file format understood by BFD.
Bison
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD, VMSCompT)
Bison is an upwardly compatible replacement for the parser generator
yacc
. Texinfo source for the
Bison Manual
and reference card are included. See section
GNU Documentation
GNU C Library
(BinCD, LangT, SrcCD)
The GNU C library supports ANSI C-1989, POSIX 1003.1-1990 and most of the
functions in POSIX 1003.2-1992. It is upwardly compatible with 4.4BSD and
includes many System V functions, plus GNU extensions.
The C Library will perform many functions of the Unix system calls in
the Hurd. Mike Haertel has written a fast
malloc
which
wastes less memory than the old GNU version. The GNU regular-expression
functions (
regex
and
rx
) now nearly conform to the POSIX 1003.2
standard.
GNU
stdio
lets you define new kinds of streams, just by writing a
few C functions. The
fmemopen
function uses this to open a
stream on a string, which can grow as necessary. You can define your
own
printf
formats to use a C function you have written. For
example, you can safely use format strings from user input to implement
printf
-like function for another programming language.
Extended
getopt
functions are already used to parse options,
including long options, in many GNU utilities.
The C Library runs on Sun-3 (SunOS 4.1), Sun-4 (SunOS 4.1 or Solaris 2),
HP 9000/300 (4.3BSD), SONY News 800 (NewsOS 3 or 4), MIPS DECstation
(Ultrix 4), DEC Alpha (OSF/1), i386/i486 (System V, SVR4, BSD, SCO 3.2 &
SCO ODT 2.0), Sequent Symmetry i386 (Dynix 3) & SGI (Irix 4). Texinfo
source for the
GNU C Library Reference Manual
is included
(see section
GNU Documentation
); the manual is now being updated.
GNU C++ Library
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD)
The GNU C++ library (libg++) is an extensive collection of C++
forest
classes, an IOStream library for input/output routines,
and support tools for use with G++. Supported classes include:
Obstacks, multiple-precision Integers and Rationals, Complex numbers,
arbitrary length Strings, BitSets and BitStrings.
Version 2.6.2 includes the initial release of the libstdc++ library.
This implements library facilities defined by the forthcoming
ANSI/ISO C++ standard, including the Standard Template Library.
Calc
(LspEmcT, SrcCD)
Calc (written by Dave Gillespie in Emacs Lisp) is an extensible, advanced
desk calculator & mathematical tool that runs as part of GNU Emacs. You
can use Calc just as a simple four-function calculator, but it has many more
features including: choice of algebraic or RPN (stack-based)
entry; logarithmic, trigonometric & financial functions; arbitrary
precision; complex numbers; vectors; matrices;
dates;
times; infinities; sets; algebraic simplification; differentiation &
integration. It outputs to
gnuplot
& comes with source for a
reference card & a Manual. See section
GNU Documentation
GNU Chess
(SrcCD, UtilT, WdwsD)
GNU Chess lets the computer play a full game of chess with you. It
runs on most platforms & has dumb terminal, "curses" & X terminal
interfaces.
GNU Chess implements many specialized features including the null move
heuristic, a hash table with aging, the history heuristic (another form of
the earlier killer heuristic), caching of static evaluations, & a
database which lets it play the first several moves of the game quickly.
Recent improvements include better heuristics, faster evaluation, thinking
on opponent's time, Swedish & German language support, support for more
book formats, a rudimentary Bobby Fischer clock, & bug fixes.
It is primarily supported by Stuart Cracraft, Mike McGann, Chua Kong
Sian, & Tim Mann on behalf of the FSF.
CLISP
(LspEmcT, SrcCD)
CLISP is a Common Lisp implementation (CLtL1 + parts of CLtL2) by Bruno
Haible and Michael Stoll. It mostly supports the Lisp described by
Common LISP: The Language (2nd edition)
. CLISP includes an
interpreter, a byte-compiler, a subset of CLOS and, for some machines, a
screen editor. The user interface language (English, German, French) is
chooseable at run time. Major packages that run in CLISP include
CLX & Garnet. CLISP needs only 2 MB of memory &
runs on many microcomputers (including MS-DOS systems, OS/2, the Atari ST,
Amiga 500--4000) & Unix-like systems
(GNU/Linux, Sun4, SVR4, SGI, HP-UX, DEC Alpha, NeXTstep & others).
GNU Common Lisp
(LspEmcT, SrcCD)
GNU Common Lisp (GCL) has a compiler and interpreter for Common Lisp.
It is very portable and extremely efficient on a wide class of
applications. It compares favorably in performance with commercial Lisps
on several large theorem--prover and symbolic algebra systems. It
supports the CLtL1 specification but is moving towards the proposed ANSI
definition. It was formerly know as Kyoto Common Lisp.
GCL compiles to C and then uses the native optimizing C compilers (e.g.,
GCC). A function with a fixed number of args and one value turns into a
C function of the same number of args and returning one value, so GCL
is maximally efficient on such calls. It has a
conservative garbage collector which allows great freedom for the C
compiler to put Lisp values in arbitrary registers. It has a source
level Lisp debugger for interpreted code, with display of source code in
an Emacs window. It has profiling tools based on the C profiling tools,
which count function calls and percentage of time spent in each
function.
CLX works with GCL.
There is an Xlib interface via C (xgcl-2). PCL runs with GCL (see PCL
item later in this article). See section
Forthcoming GNUs
, for plans for
about GCL.
GCL version 1.1 is released under the GNU Library General Public
License.
cpio
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
cpio
is an alternative archive program with all the features of SVR4
cpio
, including support for the final POSIX 1003.1
ustar
standard.
mt
, a program to position magnetic tapes, is included with
cpio
CVS
(SrcCD, UtilT)
CVS, the Concurrent Version System, manages software revision and release
control in a multi-developer, multi-directory, multi-group environment. It
works best in conjunction with RCS versions 4 and above, but will parse
older RCS formats with the loss of CVS's fancier features. See Berliner,
Brian, "CVS-II: Parallelizing Software Development,"
Proceedings of
the Winter 1990 USENIX Association Conference
. To find out how to get a
copy of this report, ask
office@usenix.org
DejaGnu
(LangT, SrcCD)
DejaGnu is a framework for testing other programs that provides a single
front end for all tests. The framework's flexibility and consistency makes
it easy to write tests for any program. DejaGnu comes with
expect
which runs scripts to conduct dialogs with programs.
Diffutils
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
GNU
diff
compares files showing line-by-line changes in several
flexible formats. It is much faster than traditional Unix versions. The
Diffutils package contains
diff
diff3
sdiff
and
cmp
Recent Diffutils improvements include:
a new
diff
option to do all input/output in binary;
this is useful on some non-Posix hosts, and more consistent handling of
character sets.
Plans for the Diffutils package include support for
internationalization (e.g., error messages in Chinese), and for some
non-Unix PC environments.
DJGPP
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD)
DJ Delorie has ported GCC/G++ 2.6.0 (see the GCC item in this section)
to the i386 MS-DOS platform. The DJGPP package also contains a 32-bit
80386 DOS extender with symbolic debugger; development libraries; and ports
of Bison,
flex
, GAS, and the GNU Binutils. Full source code is
provided.
It requires at least 5MB of hard disk space to install and 512K
of RAM to use.
It supports SVGA (up to 1024x768),
XMS & VDISK memory allocation,
himem.sys
VCPI (e.g., QEMM, DESQview, & 386MAX), and
DPMI (e.g., Windows 3.x, OS/2, QEMM, & QDPMI).
Ask
djgpp-request@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
to join a DJGPP users
mailing list.
dld
(LangT, SrcCD)
dld
is a dynamic linker written by W. Wilson Ho. Linking your
program with the
dld
library allows you to dynamically load object
files into the running binary. Currently supported are VAX (Ultrix), Sun 3
(SunOS 3.4 & 4.0), SPARC (SunOS 4.0), Sequent Symmetry (Dynix), & Atari ST.
doschk
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
This program is intended as a utility to help software developers ensure
that their source file names are distinguishable on System V platforms with
14-character filenames and on MS-DOS with 8+3 character filenames.
ecc
(SrcCD, UtilT)
ecc
is a Reed-Solomon error correction checking program, which can
correct three byte errors in a block of 255 bytes and detect more severe
errors. Contact
paulf@Stanford.EDU
for more information.
ed
(SrcCD, UtilT)
Ed is the standard text editor.
Elib
(LspEmcT, SrcCD)
Elib is a small library of Emacs Lisp functions, including routines for
using AVL trees and doubly-linked lists.
GNU Emacs
In 1975, Richard Stallman developed the first Emacs, an
extensible, customizable real-time display editor and computing
environment. GNU Emacs is his
second implementation. It offers true Lisp--smoothly integrated into
the editor--for writing extensions, and provides an interface to the
X Window System. In addition to its powerful native command set,
extensions which emulate other popular editors are distributed: vi and
EDT (DEC's VMS editor). It has many other features which make it a
full computing support environment. Source for the
GNU Emacs
Manual
the
GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
, and a reference
card come with the software. See section
GNU Documentation
GNU Emacs 18
(EmcsD, LspEmcT, SrcCD, VMSEmcsT)
GNU Emacs 18.59 is the last release of version 18 from the FSF. We are
no longer maintaining it. It runs on many Unix systems.
In hardware
order: Alliant FX/80 & FX/2800, Altos 3068, Amdahl (UTS), Apollo, AT&T
(3Bs & 7300 PC), DG Aviion, Bull DPX/2 (2nn & 3nn) CCI 5/32 & 6/32,
Celerity, Convex, Digital (DECstation 3100 & 5000 (PMAXes), Mips, VAX
(BSD, SysV & VMS)), Motorola Delta 147 & 187, Dual, Elxsi 6400, Encore
(DPC, APC & XPC), Gould, HP (9000 series 200, 300, 700 & 800, but not
500), HLH Orion (original & 1/05), IBM (RS/6000 (AIX), RT/PC (4.2 & AIX)
& PS/2 (AIX (386 only))), ISI (Optimum V, 80386), Intel 860 & 80386
(BSD, Esix, SVR3, SVR4,
SCO, ISC, IX, AIX & others), Iris (2500, 2500 Turbo & 4D), Masscomp,
MIPS, National Semiconductor 32000, NeXT (Mach), NCR Tower 32 (SVR2 &
SVR3), Nixdorf Targon 31, Nu (TI & LMI), pfa50, Plexus, Prime EXL, Pyramid
(original & MIPS), Sequent (Balance & Symmetry), SONY News (m68k & MIPS),
Stride (system release 2), all Suns including 386i (all SunOS & some
Solaris vers.), Tadpole, Tahoe, Tandem Integrity S2, Tektronix (16000 &
4300), Triton 88, Ustation E30 (SS5E), Whitechapel (MG1) & Wicat.
In operating system order: AIX (RS/6000, RT/PC, 386-PS/2), BSD (vers. 4.1,
4.2, 4.3), DomainOS, Esix (386), HP-UX (HP 9000 series 200, 300, 700, 800
but not 500), ISC (386), IX (386), Mach, Microport, NewsOS (Sony m68k &
MIPS) SCO (386), SVR0 (Vax, AT&T 3Bs), SVR2, SVR3, SVR4, Solaris 2.0,
SunOS, UTS (Amdahl), Ultrix (vers. 3.0, 4,1), Uniplus 5.2 (Dual machines),
VMS (vers. 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 5.5) & Xenix (386).
GNU Emacs 19
(DosCD, EmacsD, LspEmcT, SrcCD)
Emacs 19 works with character-only terminals as well as with the X
Window System.
New features in Emacs 19 include: multiple X windows ("frames" to
Emacs), with either a separate X window for the minibuffer or a
minibuffer attached to each X window;
property lists associated with regions of text in a buffer;
multiple fonts and colors defined by those properties;
simplified and improved processing of function keys, mouse clicks and
mouse movement;
X selection processing, including clipboard selections;
hooks to be run if point or mouse moves outside a certain range;
menu bars and popup menus defined by keymaps;
scrollbars;
before and after change hooks;
source-level debugging of Emacs Lisp programs;
European character sets support;
floating point numbers;
improved buffer allocation, including returning
storage to the system when a buffer is killed;
interfacing with the X resource manager;
GNU configuration scheme support;
good RCS support;
many updated libraries.
Recent features include
X toolkit support,
dialog boxes,
operation on MS-DOS,
much faster text properties,
keyboard equivalents shown automatically in menus,
text that highlights when you move the mouse over it.
Emacs 19.28 is known to work on, in hardware order:
Alliant FX/2800 (BSD);
Bull DPX/2 2nn & 3nn (SVR3) & sps7 (SVR2);
Clipper;
Convex (BSD);
Cubix QBx (SysV);
Data General Aviion (DGUX);
DEC MIPS (Ultrix 4.2 & OSF/1, not VMS);
Elxsi 6400 (SysV);
Gould Power Node & NP1 (4.2 & 4.3BSD);
Harris Night Hawk 1200 and 3000, 4000 and 5000 (cxux);
Honeywell XPS100 (SysV);
HP 9000 series 200, 300, 700, 800 (but not 500) (4.3BSD or HP-UX 7, 8, 9);
Intel i386 & i486 (386BSD, AIX, BSDI/386, FreeBSD, Esix, GNU/Linux, ISC,
MS-DOS (see section
MS-DOS Diskettes
& section
MS-DOS CD-ROM
),
NetBSD, SCO3.2v4, SysV, Xenix);
IBM RS6000 (AIX 3.2);
IBM RT/PC (AIX or BSD);
Motorola Delta 147 & 187 (SVR3, SVR4, & m88kbcs);
National Semiconductor 32K (Genix);
NeXT (BSD or Mach 2 w/ NeXTStep 3.0);
Prime EXL (SysV);
Pyramid (BSD);
Sequent Symmetry (BSD);
SGI Iris 4D (Irix 4.x & 5.x);
Sony News/RISC (NewsOS);
Starrdent i860 (SysV);
Sun 3 & 4, SPARC 1, 1+, 2, 10 & Classic (SunOS 4.0, 4.1, Solaris 2.0--2.3);
Tadpole 68k (SysV);
Tektronix XD88 (SVR3) & 4300 (BSD); &
Titan P2 & P3 (SysV).
In operating system order:
AIX (i386, RS6000, RT/PC);
4.1, 4.2, 4.3BSD (i386, i860, Convex, Gould Power Node & NP1, HP9000 series 300, NeXT, Pyramid, Symmetry, Tektronix 4300, RT/PC);
DG/UX (Aviion);
Esix (i386);
FreeBSD (i386);
Genix (ns32k);
GNU/Linux (i386);
HP-UX 7, 8, 9 (HP 9000 series 200, 300, 700, 800, but not 500);
Irix 4 & 5 (Iris 4D);
ISC (i386);
Mach 2 & 3 (i386, NeXT);
MS-DOS (see section
MS-DOS Diskettes
& section
MS-DOS CD-ROM
);
NetBSD (i386, HP9000 series 300);
SCO 3.2v4 (i386);
SVR2 (Bull sps7);
SVR3 (Bull DPX/2 2nn & 3nn, Motorola Delta 147 & 187, Tektronix XD88);
SVR4 (Motorola Delta 147 & 187, Stardent i860);
Solaris 2 (SPARC 1, 1+, 2, 10, Classic);
SunOS 4.0, 4.1 (Sun 3 & 4, SPARC 1, 1+, 2, 10 & Classic);
Ultrix 4.2 (DEC MIPS);
Windows NT;
Xenix (i386).
Other configurations supported by Emacs 18 should work with few changes in
Emacs 19; as users tell us more about their experiences with different
systems, we will augment the list. Also see section
Forthcoming GNUs
es
(SrcCD, UtilT)
es
is an extensible shell based on
rc
with
first class functions, lexical scope, exceptions, and
rich return values (i.e., functions can return values other than just
numbers). Like
rc
, it is great for both interactive use and for
scripting, particularly since its quoting rules are much less baroque
than the C or Bourne shells.
f2c
(LangT, SrcCD)
f2c
converts Fortran-77 source files into C or C++, which can be
compiled with GCC. You can get bug fixes by FTP from site
netlib.att.com
or by email from
netlib@research.att.com
The fixes are summarized in the file `/netlib/f2c/changes.Z'.
See section
Forthcoming GNUs
, for information about GNU Fortran.
Fileutils
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
The fileutils work on files:
chgrp
chmod
chown
cp
dd
df
dir
du
install
ln
ls
mkdir
mkfifo
mknod
mv
mvdir
rm
rmdir
sync
touch
vdir
Only some of these are on the section
Selected Utilities Diskettes
Findutils
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
find
is frequently used both interactively and in shell scripts to
find files which match certain criteria and perform arbitrary operations on
them. Also included are
xargs
, which applies a command to a
list of files, and
locate
, which scans a database for file
names that match a pattern.
Finger
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GNU Finger has more features than other finger programs. For sites with
many hosts, a single host may be designated as the finger
server
host, and other hosts at that site configured as finger
clients
The server host collects information about who is logged in to the
clients. To finger a user on any host at a GNU Finger site, a single
query gets useful information. GNU Finger supports many
customization features, including per--user customization.
flex
(DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD, UtilD)
flex
is a replacement for the
lex
scanner generator.
flex
was written by Vern Paxson of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
and generates far more efficient scanners than
lex
does.
Source for the
Flex Manual
and reference card are included.
See section
GNU Documentation
FlexFAX
(UtilT)
FlexFAX is a facsimile system for Unix systems. It supports sending,
receiving, and polled retrieval of facsimile, as well as transparent
shared data use of the modem.
Information is also available on the World Wide Web at URL:
`http://www.vix.com/flexfax/'.
Fontutils
(SrcCD, UtilT)
The fontutils create fonts for use with Ghostscript or TeX, starting
with a scanned type image and converting the bitmaps to outlines. They
also contain general conversion programs and other utilities.
Fontutils programs include:
bpltobzr
bzrto
charspace
fontconvert
gsrenderfont
imageto
imgrotate
limn
and
xbfe
GAWK
(DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD)
GAWK is upwardly compatible with the latest POSIX versions
of
awk
. It also provides several useful extensions not found in
other
awk
implementations. Texinfo source for the
GAWK
Manual
comes with the software. See section
GNU Documentation
GCC
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD, VMSCompT)
Version 2 of the GNU C Compiler supports multiple languages; the source
file name suffix or a compiler option selects the language. The GNU C
Compiler distribution includes support for C, C++ and Objective-C.
Support for Objective-C was donated by NeXT. The runtime support needed to
run Objective-C programs is now distributed with GCC (this does not include
any Objective-C classes aside from
object
). As much as possible,
G++ is kept compatible with the evolving draft ANSI standard, but not
with
cfront
(AT&T's compiler), which has been diverging from ANSI.
The GNU C Compiler is a fairly portable optimizing compiler which
performs automatic register allocation, common sub-expression
elimination, invariant code motion from loops, induction variable
optimizations, constant propagation and copy propagation, delayed
popping of function call arguments, tail recursion elimination,
integration of inline functions and frame pointer elimination,
instruction scheduling, loop unrolling, filling of delay slots, leaf
function optimization, optimized multiplication by constants, a certain
amount of common subexpression elimination (CSE) between basic blocks
(though not all of the supported machine descriptions provide for
scheduling or delay slots), a feature for assigning attributes to
instructions, and many local optimizations that are automatically
deduced from the machine description. Position-independent code is
supported on the 68k, i386, i486, Pentium, Hitachi Slt, Hitachi H8/300,
Clipper, 88k, SPARC & SPARClite.
GCC can open-code most arithmetic on 64-bit values (type
long long
int
). It supports extended floating point (type
long double
) on
the 68k; other machines will follow.
GCC supports full ANSI C, traditional C & GNU C extensions (including:
nested functions support, nonlocal gotos & taking the address of a label).
GCC can generate a.out, COFF, ELF & OSF-Rose files when used with a
suitable assembler. It can produce debugging information in these
formats: BSD stabs, COFF, ECOFF, ECOFF with stabs & DWARF.
GCC generates code for many CPUs, including: a29k, Alpha, ARM, AT&T
DSP1610, Convex cN, Clipper, Elxsi, Fujitsu Gmicro, H8/300, HP--PA (1.0 and
1.1) i370, i386, i486, Pentium, i860, i960, m68k, m68020, m68030, m68040,
m88k, MIPS, ns32k, PDP-11, Pyramid, ROMP, RS6000, SH, SPARC, SPARClite,
VAX, & we32k.
Operating systems supported include: AIX, ACIS, AOS, BSD, Clix, Ctix,
DG/UX, Dynix, Genix, GNU/Linux, HP-UX, ISC, Irix, Luna, LynxOS, Mach, Minix,
NewsOS, OSF, OSF-Rose, RISCOS, SCO, Solaris 2, SunOS 4, SysV, Ultrix, Unos,
VMS & Windows/NT.
The old (version 1) machine descriptions for the Alliant, Tahoe and Spur
(as well as a new port for the Tron) do not work, but are still included in
the distribution in case someone wants to work on them.
Using the configuration scheme for GCC, building a cross-compiler is as
easy as building a compiler for the same target machine.
We no longer maintain version 1 of GCC, G++, or libg++.
Texinfo source for the
Using and Porting GNU CC
manual,
is included with GCC.
See section
Forthcoming GNUs
, for plans for later releases of GCC.
GDB
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, SrcCD)
In GDB (
NU
ugger), object files and symbol tables are
read via the BFD library,
which allows a single copy of GDB to debug programs with multiple object file
formats (e.g., a.out & COFF). Other features include a rich command
language, remote debugging over serial lines or TCP/IP, and
watchpoints (breakpoints triggered when the value of an expression
changes). Exception handling, SunOS shared libraries and C++ multiple
inheritance are only supported when used with GCC version 2.
GDB has a command line user interface; GNU Emacs comes with
a GDB mode, and
xxgdb
provides an X interface (but it is not
distributed or maintained by the FSF; FTP it
from
ftp.x.org
in the `/contrib' directory).
GDB uses a standard remote interface to a simulator library which (so far)
has simulators for the
Zilog Z8001/2, Hitachi H8/300, H8/500 & Super-H.
GDB can perform cross-debugging. To say that GDB
targets
a platform
means that it can perform native or cross-debugging for it. To say that
GDB can
host
a given platform means that it can be built on it, but
cannot necessarily debug native programs. GDB can:
target
host
Amiga 3000 (Amix),
DEC Alpha (OSF/1),
DECstation 3100 & 5000 (Ultrix),
HP 9000/300 (BSD, HP-UX),
HP 9000/700 (HP-UX),
i386 (BSD, FreeBSD, GNU/Linux, LynxOS, NetBSD, SCO),
IBM RS/6000 (AIX, LynxOS),
Motorola Delta m88k (System V, CX/UX), PC532 (NetBSD),
Motorola m68k MVME-167 (LynxOS),
NCR 3000 (SVR4),
SGI (Irix V3, V4, V5),
SONY News (NewsOS 3.x),
SPARC (SunOS 4.1, Solaris, NetBSD, LynxOS)
Sun-3 (SunOS 4.1),
Ultracomputer (a29k running Sym1).
target
, but not
host
AMD 29000 (COFF & a.out),
Fujitsu SPARClite,
Hitachi H8/300,
Hitachi SH,
i960 (Nindy, VxWorks),
m68k/m68332 (a.out, COFF, VxWorks),
MIPS (IDT ecoff),
Z8000.
host
, but not
target
IBM RT/PC (AIX),
and
HP/Apollo 68k (BSD).
GDB can use the symbol tables emitted by the vendor supplied compilers of
most MIPS-based machines, including DEC. (These tables are in a
format which almost nobody else uses.) Source for the manual
Debugging with GDB
and a reference card are included.
See section
GNU Documentation
gdbm
(LangT, SrcCD, UtilD)
gdbm
is the GNU replacement for the traditional
dbm
and
ndbm
libraries. It implements a database using quick
lookup by hashing.
gdbm
does not ordinarily need sparse file formats
(unlike its Unix and BSD counterparts).
Ghostscript
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
GNU Ghostscript is the GNU release of Ghostscript, which is an interpreter
for the Postscript graphics language (see section
Forthcoming GNUs
, for news on
future plans).
The current version of GNU Ghostscript is 2.6.2. Features include the ability
to use the fonts provided by the platform on which Ghostscript runs (X
Window System and Microsoft Windows), resulting in much better-looking
screen displays; improved text file printing (like
enscript
); a
utility to extract the text from a Postscript language document; a much more
reliable (and faster) Microsoft Windows implementation; support for
Microsoft C/C++ 7.0; drivers for many new printers, including the
SPARCprinter, and for TIFF/F (fax) file format; many more Postscript Level
2 facilities, including most of the color space facilities (but not
patterns), and the ability to switch between Level 1 and Level 2
dynamically. Version 2.6.2 adds a LaserJet 4 driver and several
important bug fixes to version 2.6.1.
Ghostscript executes commands in the Postscript language
by writing
directly to a printer, drawing on an X window, or writing to a file for
later printing (or to a bitmap file that you can manipulate with other
graphics programs).
Ghostscript includes a C-callable graphics library (for client programs
that do not want to deal with the Postscript language). It also supports
IBM PCs and compatibles with EGA, VGA, or SuperVGA graphics (but please do
not
ask the FSF staff any questions about this; we do not use PCs).
Ghostview
(SrcCD, UtilT)
Tim Theisen,
ghostview@cs.wisc.edu
, has created Ghostview, a
previewer for multi-page files with an X11 user interface. Ghostview
and Ghostscript function as two cooperating programs; Ghostview creates a
viewing window and Ghostscript draws in it.
gmp
(LangT, SrcCD)
GNU mp is a library for arbitrary precision arithmetic on signed integers
and rational numbers. It has a rich set of functions with a regular
interface.
GNATS
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GNATS (
GN
ats:
racking
ystem, not to be confused with
GNAT, The GNU Ada Translator) is a bug-tracking system. It is based upon
the paradigm of a central site or organization which receives problem
reports and negotiates their resolution by electronic mail. Although it has
been used primarily as a software bug-tracking system so far, it is
sufficiently generalized so that it could be used for handling system
administration issues, project management or any number of other
applications.
gnuplot
(SrcCD, UtilT, WdwsD)
gnuplot
is an interactive program for plotting mathematical
expressions and data. It handles both curves (2 dimensions) and surfaces
(3 dimensions). Curiously, the program was neither written nor named for
the GNU Project; the name is a coincidence. GNU Emacs' Calc mode uses
gnuplot
smoothly.
GnuGo
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GnuGo plays the game of Go (Wei-Chi); it is not yet very sophisticated.
gperf
(LangT, SrcCD)
gperf
generates perfect hash tables. There are two
implementations of
gperf
, written in C and C++. Both produce
hash functions in either C or C++.
GNU Graphics
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GNU Graphics is a system which produces x-y plots from ASCII or binary data.
It supports traditional Unix device independent plot files, Postscript and
Tektronix 4010 compatible output devices and plot previewing under the X
Window System. Features include output support in TekniCAD TDA and ln03
file formats; a
spline
program replacement; examples of shell
scripts using
graph
and
plot
; and a statistics toolkit. Ask
Rich Murphey,
Rich@rice.edu
, to help test/port it to
anything beyond a SPARCstation.
grep
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
This package has GNU
grep
egrep
, and
fgrep
which
output lines that match inputed patterns.
They are much faster than the traditional Unix versions.
Groff
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
Groff is a document formatting system, which includes
drivers for Postscript, TeX
dvi
format, and typewriter-like
devices, as well as implementations of
eqn
nroff
pic
refer
tbl
troff
and the
man
ms
and
mm
macros.
Groff's
mm
macro package is almost
compatible with the DWB
mm
macros and has several extensions.
Also included is a modified version of the Berkeley
me
macros and an
enhanced version of the X11
xditview
previewer.
Written in C++, these programs can be compiled with GNU
C++ Version 2.5 or later.
A driver for the LaserJet 4 series of printers is currently in test.
Groff users are encouraged to contribute enhancements. Most needed
are complete Texinfo documentation, a
grap
emulation (a
pic
preprocessor for typesetting graphs), a page-makeup postprocessor similar
to
pm
(see
Computing Systems
, Vol. 2, No. 2; ask
office@usenix.org
how to get a copy) and an ASCII
output class for
pic
so that
pic
can be integrated with
Texinfo. Questions and bug reports from users who have read the
documentation provided with Groff can be sent to
bug-groff@prep.ai.mit.edu
gzip
(DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, LspEmcT, SrcCD, UtilT)
Some of the contents of our tape and FTP distributions are compressed. We
have software on our tapes and FTP sites to uncompress these files. Due to
patent troubles with
compress
, we have switched to another
compression program,
gzip
. (Prohibitions on programming like this
are fought by the League for Programming Freedom, see section
What Is the LPF?
, for details.)
gzip
can expand LZW-compressed files but uses
another, unpatented algorithm for compression which generally produces
better results. It also expands files compressed with System V's
pack
program.
hello
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
The GNU
hello
program produces a familiar, friendly greeting. It
allows non-programmers to use a classic computer science tool which would
otherwise be unavailable to them. Because it is protected by the GNU
General Public License, users are free to share and change it.
Like any truly useful program,
hello
contains a built-in mail
reader.
hp2xx
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GNU
hp2xx
reads HP-GL files, decomposes all drawing commands into
elementary vectors, and converts them into a variety of vector and raster
output formats. It is also an HP-GL previewer. Currently supported vector
formats include encapsulated Postscript, Uniplex RGIP, Metafont and various
special TeX-related formats, and simplified HP-GL (line drawing only)
for imports. Raster formats supported include IMG, PBM, PCX, & HP-PCL
(including Deskjet & DJ5xxC support). Previewers work under X11 (Unix),
OS/2 (PM & full screen), MS-DOS (SVGA, VGA, & HGC).
indent
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
GNU
indent
is a revision of the BSD version. By default, it formats
C source according to the GNU coding standards. The BSD default, K&R and
other formats are available as options. It is also possible to define your
own format.
GNU
indent
is more robust and provides more functionality than other
versions, e.g., it handles C++ comments.
Ispell
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
Ispell is an interactive spell checker that suggests "near misses" as
replacements for unrecognized words. System & user-maintained
dictionaries for multiple languages can be used. Standalone & GNU Emacs
interfaces are available.
Previously, the GNU Project had its own version of ispell ("Ispell 4.0"),
but has dropped it for a parallel branch that has had more
development ("Ispell 3.1"). The version numbers do not accurately
reflect the lineage of these two branches; version 3 is more
sophisticated.
JACAL
Not available from the FSF
JACAL is a symbolic mathematics system for the manipulation and
simplification of equations and single and multiple-valued algebraic
expressions constructed of numbers, variables, radicals,
differential operators, and algebraic and holonomic functions. Vectors,
matrices, and tensors of these objects are also included.
JACAL was written in Scheme by Aubrey Jaffer. It comes with SCM, an IEEE
P1178 and R4RS compliant version of Scheme written in C. SCM runs on
Amiga, Atari-ST, MS-DOS, OS/2, NOS/VE, Unicos, VMS, Unix, and similar
systems. SLIB is a portable Scheme library used by JACAL.
The FSF is not distributing JACAL on any media. To receive an IBM PC
floppy disk with the source and executable files, send $99.00 to:
Aubrey Jaffer
84 Pleasant Street
Wakefield, MA 01880-1846
USA
less
(SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
less
is a display paginator similar to
more
and
pg
but
with various features (such as the ability to scroll backwards) that most
pagers lack.
m4
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
GNU
m4
is an implementation of the traditional Unix macro processor.
It is mostly SVR4 compatible, although it has some extensions (for example,
handling more than 9 positional parameters to macros).
m4
also has
built-in functions for including files, running shell commands, doing
arithmetic, etc.
make
(BinCD, DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, LspEmcT, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
GNU
make
supports POSIX 1003.2 and has all but a few obscure
features of the BSD and System V versions of
make
, as well as many
of our own extensions. GNU extensions include long options, parallel
compilation, flexible implicit pattern rules, conditional execution and
powerful text manipulation functions. Recent versions have improved error
reporting and added support for the popular
`+='
syntax to append
more text to a variable's definition. Texinfo source for the
Make
Manual
comes with the program. See section
GNU Documentation
GNU
make
is on several of our tapes because some system vendors
supply no
make
utility at all, and some native
make
programs
lack the
VPATH
feature essential for using the GNU configure system
to its full extent. The GNU
make
sources have a shell script to
build
make
itself on such systems.
DJ Delorie has ported GNU
make
to MS-DOS using the GO32 extender.
MS-DOS binaries for
make
are available with the DJGPP
distribution.
MandelSpawn
(SrcCD, UtilT)
A parallel Mandelbrot generation program for the X Window System.
mtools
(SrcCD, UtilT)
mtools is a set of public domain programs to allow Unix systems to read,
write and manipulate files on an MS-DOS file system (usually a diskette).
MULE
(EmcsD, DosCD, SrcCD)
MULE is a MULtilingual Enhancement to GNU Emacs. It can handle many
character sets at once including Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese,
Thai, Greek, the ISO Latin-1 through Latin-5 character sets, Ukrainian,
Arabic, Hebrew, Russian, and other Cyrillic alphabets. A text buffer in
MULE can contain a mixture of characters from these languages. To input
any of these characters, you can use various input methods provided by MULE
itself. In addition, if you use MULE under some terminal emulators (kterm,
cxterm, or exterm), you can use its input methods. MULE is being merged
into GNU Emacs. See section
GNU and Other Free Software in Japan
, for more
information about MULE.
NetHack
(SrcCD, UtilT)
NetHack is a display-oriented adventure game similar to Rogue. Both ASCII
and X displays are supported.
NIH Class Library
(LangT, SrcCD)
The NIH Class Library (formerly known as "OOPS", Object-Oriented Program
Support) is a portable collection of C++ classes, similar to those in
Smalltalk-80, which has been developed by Keith Gorlen of the National
Institutes of Health (NIH), using the C++ programming language.
nvi
(SrcCD, UtilT)
nvi
is a free implementation of the
vi
ex
Unix editor.
It has most of the functionality of the original
vi
ex
except "open" mode & the
lisp
option, which will be added.
Enhancements over
vi
ex
include split screens with multiple
buffers, handling 8-bit data, infinite file & line lengths, tag stacks,
infinite undo & extended regular expressions. It runs under GNU/Linux,
BSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD, BSDI, AIX, HP-UX, DGUX, IRIX, PSF, PTX, Solaris,
SunOS, Ultrix, Unixware & should port easily to many other systems.
GNU Objective-C Library
(LangT, SrcCD)
The GNU Objective-C Class Library (
libobjects
) is a library of
general-purpose, non-graphical Objective-C objects written by R.
Andrew McCallum. It includes collection objects for maintaining groups
of objects and C types, streams for I/O to various destinations, coders
for formatting objects and C types to streams, ports for network packet
transmission, distributed objects (remote object messaging),
pseudo-random number generators, and time handling facilities. It is
known to work on i386, i486, Pentium. m68k, SPARC, MIPS, & RS6000.
Contact the author at
`mccallum@gnu.ai.mit.edu'
OBST
(LangT, SrcCD)
OBST
is a persistent object management system with bindings to C++.
OBST
supports incremental loading of methods. Its graphical tools
require the X Window System.
It features a hands-on tutorial including sample programs. It compiles
with g++ and should install easily on most Unix platforms.
Octave
(LangT, SrcCD)
Octave is a high-level language that is primarily intended for numerical
computations. It provides a convenient command line interface for solving
linear and nonlinear problems numerically.
Octave does arithmetic for real and complex scalars and matrices,
solves sets of nonlinear algebraic equations,
integrates systems of ordinary differential and differential-algebraic
equations,
and integrates functions over finite and infinite intervals.
Send queries and bug reports to:
bug-octave@che.utexas.edu
Source is included for a 150+ page Texinfo manual, which is not yet
published by the FSF.
Oleo
(SrcCD, UtilT)
Oleo is a spreadsheet program (better for you than the more expensive
spreadsheets). It supports the X Window System and character-based
terminals, and can output Embedded Postscript renditions of spreadsheets.
Keybindings should be familiar to Emacs users and are configurable. Under
X and in Postscript output, Oleo supports multiple, variable width fonts.
See section
Forthcoming GNUs
, for the plans for later releases of Oleo.
p2c
(LangT, SrcCD)
p2c
is a Pascal-to-C translator written by Dave Gillespie. It
recognizes many Pascal dialects including Turbo, HP, VAX, and ISO, and
produces readable, maintainable, portable C.
patch
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
patch
is our version of Larry Wall's program to take
diff
's
output and apply those differences to an original file to generate the
modified version.
PCL
(LspEmcT, SrcCD)
PCL is a free implementation of a large subset of CLOS, the Common Lisp
Object System. It runs under both GCL and CLISP, mentioned above.
perl
(LangT, SrcCD)
Larry Wall's
perl
combines the features and capabilities of
sed
awk
sh
and C, as well as interfaces to the Unix
system calls and many C library routines.
ptx
(SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
GNU
ptx
is our version of the traditional permuted index
generator. It handles multiple input files at once, produces TeX
compatible output, & outputs readable
KWIC
(KeyWords In Context)
indexes.
It does not yet handle input files that do not fit in memory all at
once.
rc
(SrcCD, UtilT)
rc
is a shell that features a C-like syntax (much more so than
csh
) and far cleaner quoting rules than the C or Bourne shells.
It's intended to be used interactively, but is also great for writing
scripts. It inspired the shell
es
RCS
(SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
RCS, the Revision Control System, is used for version control &
management of software projects. When used with GNU
diff
, RCS can
handle binary files (executables, object files, 8-bit data, etc).
Also see the item about CVS in this section.
recode
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GNU
recode
converts files between character sets and usages.
When exact transliterations are not possible, it may get rid of the
offending characters or fall back on approximations. This program
recognizes or produces nearly 150 different character sets and is able to
transliterate files between almost any pair. Most RFC 1345 character
sets are supported.
regex
(LangT, SrcCD)
The GNU regular expression library supports POSIX.2, except for
internationalization features. In the past, it has been included in
many GNU programs which do regular expression matching. Now it is
available separately. An alternative regular expression package,
rx
comes with
sed
; it has the potential to be faster than
regex
in most cases, but still needs work.
Scheme
(SchmT, SrcCD)
For information about Scheme, see section
Scheme Tape
screen
(SrcCD, UtilT)
screen
is a terminal multiplexer that runs several separate
"screens" (ttys) on a single physical character-based terminal. Each
virtual terminal emulates a DEC VT100 plus several ANSI X3.64 and ISO 2022
functions. Arbitrary keyboard input translation is also supported.
screen
sessions can be detached and resumed later on a
different terminal type.
sed
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
sed
is a stream-oriented version of
ed
. GNU
sed
comes with the
rx
library, a faster version of
regex
(see section
Forthcoming GNUs
).
Sharutils
(SrcCD, UtilT)
shar
makes so-called shell archives out of many files, preparing
them for transmission by electronic mail services, while
unshar
helps unpack these shell archives after reception.
uuencode
prepares a
file for transmission over an electronic channel which ignores or otherwise
mangles the high order bit of bytes, while
uudecode
does the
converse transformation.
Shellutils
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
Use shellutils interactively or in shell scripts:
basename
date
dirname
echo
env
expr
false
groups
hostname
id
logname
nice
nohup
pathchk
printenv
printf
pwd
sleep
stty
su
tee
test
true
tty
uname
users
who
whoami
and
yes
GNU Shogi
(SrcCD, UtilT)
Shogi is a Japanese game similar to Chess; a major difference is that
captured pieces can be returned into play.
GNU Shogi has been created by modifying GNU Chess; GNU Shogi implements the
same features as GNU Chess and uses similar heuristics. As a new feature,
sequences of partial board patterns can be introduced in order to help the
program play toward specific opening patterns.
There are both character and X display interfaces.
GNU Shogi is primarily supported by Matthias Mutz on behalf of the FSF.
Smalltalk
(LangT, SrcCD)
GNU Smalltalk is an interpreted object-oriented programming language system
written in highly portable C. It has been successfully ported to many Unix
and some other platforms, including DOS (but these non-Unix ports are not
available from the FSF). Current features include a binary image save
capability, the ability to invoke user-written C code and pass parameters
to it, a GNU Emacs editing mode, a version of the X protocol invocable from
Smalltalk, optional byte-code compilation tracing and byte-code execution
tracing, and automatically loaded per-user initialization files. It
implements all of the classes and protocol in the Smalltalk-80 book
"Smalltalk-80: The Language", except for the graphic user
interface (`GUI') related classes.
See section
Forthcoming GNUs
, for plans for later releases of Smalltalk.
Superopt
(LangT, SrcCD)
Superopt is a function sequence generator that uses an exhaustive
generate-and-test approach to find the shortest instruction sequence for a
given function. You provide the GNU superoptimizer,
gso
, a
function, a CPU to generate code for, and how many instructions you can
accept. Its application in GCC is described in the
ACM SIGPLAN
PLDI'92
proceedings.
Superopt supports: SPARC, m68k, m68020, m88k, IBM
RS/6000, AMD 29000, Intel 80x86, Pyramid, DEC Alpha, & HP--PA.
tar
(SrcCD, UtilT)
GNU
tar
includes multivolume support, the ability to archive sparse
files, automatic archive compression/decompression, remote archives and
special features that allow
tar
to be used for incremental and full
backups. Unfortunately, GNU
tar
implements an early draft of the
POSIX 1003.1
ustar
standard which is different from the final
standard. Adding support for the new changes in a backward-compatible
fashion is not trivial.
Termcap Library
(SrcCD, UtilT)
The GNU Termcap library is a drop-in replacement for `libtermcap.a' on
any system. It does not place an arbitrary limit on the size of Termcap
entries, unlike most other Termcap libraries. Included is source for the
Termcap Manual
in Texinfo format. See section
GNU Documentation
TeX
(SrcCD)
TeX is a document formatting system that handles complicated
typesetting, including mathematics. It is GNU's standard text formatter.
You can obtain TeX from the University of Washington, which maintains and
supports a tape distribution of TeX for Unix systems. The core material
consists of Karl Berry's
web2c
TeX package, the sources for which
are available via anonymous ftp; retrieval instructions are in
`pub/tex/unixtex.ftp' on
ftp.cs.umb.edu
. If you receive any
installation support from the University of Washington, please consider
sending them a donation.
To order a full distribution written in
tar
on either a
1/4inch 4-track QIC-24 cartridge or a 4mm DAT cartridge, send
$210.00 to:
Pierre A. MacKay
Department of Classics
DH-10, Denny Hall 218
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195
USA
Electronic-Mail:
mackay@cs.washington.edu
Telephone: +1-206-543-2268
Please make checks payable to the University of Washington.
Do not specify any other payee. That causes accounting difficulties.
Checks must be in U.S. dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank.
Prepaid orders are the only orders that can now be handled.
Overseas sites: please add to the base cost $20.00 for shipment via
air parcel post, or $30.00 for shipment via courier.
Please check with the above for current prices and formats.
Texinfo
(DjgppD, DosCD, LangT, LspEmcT, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
Texinfo is a set of utilities which generate both printed manuals and
online hypertext documentation (called "Info"). There are also
programs for reading online Info documents. Version 3 has both GNU Emacs
Lisp and standalone programs written in C or shell script. Texinfo mode
for GNU Emacs enables easy editing and updating of Texinfo files.
Programs provided include
makeinfo
info
texi2dvi
texindex
tex2patch
and
fixfonts
Source for the
Texinfo Manual
is included. See section
GNU Documentation
Textutils
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
The Textutils programs manipulate textual data. They include:
cat
cksum
comm
csplit
cut
expand
fmt
fold
head
join
nl
od
paste
pr
sort
split
sum
tac
tail
tr
unexpand
uniq
and
wc
Tile Forth
(LangT, SrcCD)
Tile Forth is a 32-bit implementation of the Forth--83 standard written
in C, allowing it to be easily ported to new systems,
and extended with "any" C-function (graphics, windowing, etc).
Many Forth libraries with full documentation are available including
ones for top-down parsing, multi-threads, and object oriented
programming.
time
(SrcCD, UtilT)
time
is used to report statistics (usually from a shell) about the
amount of user, system and real time used by a process. On some
systems it also reports memory usage, page faults, and other statistics.
tput
(SrcCD, UtilT)
tput
is a portable way for shell scripts to use special terminal
capabilities. Our
tput
uses the Termcap database, instead of
Terminfo as most others do.
UUCP
(SrcCD, UtilT)
This version of UUCP was written by Ian Lance Taylor, and is GNU's standard
UUCP system. It supports the
and
(in all window and packet sizes),
Zmodem and two new bidirectional
and
) protocols. If you have a
Berkeley sockets library, it can make TCP connections. If you have TLI
libraries, it can make TLI connections. Source is included for a Texinfo
manual, which is not yet published by the FSF.
wdiff
(DjgppD, DosCD, SrcCD, UtilT)
wdiff
is a front-end to GNU
diff
. It compares two files,
finding the words deleted or added to the first to make the
second. It has many output formats and works well with terminals and pagers.
wdiff
is very useful when two texts differ only by a few words and
paragraphs have been refilled.
Ygl
(SrcCD, UtilT)
Ygl
emulates SGI's GL (Graphics Language) library under X11. It
runs under GNU/Linux with XFree, AIX 3.2, ConvexOS, HP-UX 7.0/8.0/9.0, SunOS
and many others.
Program/Package Cross Reference
Here is a list of what package each GNU program or library is in.
You can anonymously FTP a full list in the file
`/pub/gnu/ProgramIndex' from a GNU FTP host (see section
How to Get GNU Software
for a list).
* a2p perl
* a2x xopt
* ac bsd44
* accton bsd44
* acl bsd44
* acm acm
* acms acm
* addftinfo Groff
* adventure bsd44
* afm2tfm TeX
* amd bsd44
* ansitape bsd44
* AnswerGarden xopt
* apply bsd44
* appres xreq
* apropos bsd44
* ar Binutils
* arithmetic bsd44
* arp bsd44
* atc bsd44
* autoconf Autoconf
* autoheader Autoconf
* autoreconf Autoconf
* autoscan Autoconf
* autoupdate Autoconf
* auto_box xopt
* auto_box xreq
* b2m Emacs
* backgammon bsd44
* bad144 bsd44
* badsect bsd44
* banner bsd44
* basename Shellutils
* bash BASH
* battlestar bsd44
* bc bc
* bcd bsd44
* bdes bsd44
* bdftops Ghostscript
* beach_ball xopt
* beach_ball xreq
* beach_ball2 xopt
* bibtex TeX
* biff bsd44
* bison Bison
* bitmap xreq
* boggle bsd44
* bpltobzr Fontutils
* bugfiler bsd44
* build ispell
* bzrto Fontutils
* c++ GCC
* c++filt Binutils
* c2ph perl
* ca100 xopt
* caeser bsd44
* cal bsd44
* calendar bsd44
* canfield bsd44
* cat Textutils
* cbars wdiff
* cc GCC
* cc1 GCC
* cc1obj GCC
* cc1plus GCC
* cccp GCC
* charspace Fontutils
* checknr bsd44
* chess bsd44
* chflags bsd44
* chgrp Fileutils
* ching bsd44
* chmod Fileutils
* chown Fileutils
* chpass bsd44
* chroot bsd44
* ci RCS
* cksum Textutils
* clisp CLISP
* clri bsd44
* cmail xboard
* cmmf TeX
* cmodext xopt
* cmp Diffutils
* co RCS
* col bsd44
* colcrt bsd44
* colrm bsd44
* column bsd44
* comm Textutils
* compress bsd44
* comsat bsd44
* connectd bsd44
* cp Fileutils
* cpicker xopt
* cpio cpio
* cpp GCC
* cppstdin perl
* cribbage bsd44
* crock xopt
* csh bsd44
* csplit Textutils
* ctags Emacs
* ctwm xopt
* cu UUCP
* cut Textutils
* cvs CVS
* cvscheck CVS
* cvtmail Emacs
* cxterm xopt
* d Fileutils
* date Shellutils
* dc bc
* dd Fileutils
* delatex TeX
* demangle Binutils
* descend CVS
* detex TeX
* df Fileutils
* diff Diffutils
* diff3 Diffutils
* digest-doc Emacs
* dipress bsd44
* dir Fileutils
* dirname Shellutils
* dish xopt
* disklabel bsd44
* diskpart bsd44
* dld dld
* dm bsd44
* dmesg bsd44
* doschk doschk
* dox xopt
* du Fileutils
* dump bsd44
* dumpfs bsd44
* dvi2tty TeX
* dvicopy TeX
* dvips TeX
* dvitype TeX
* ecc ecc
* echo Shellutils
* ed ed
* edit-pr GNATS
* editres xreq
* edquota bsd44
* eeprom bsd44
* egrep grep
* emacs Emacs
* emacsclient Emacs
* emacsserver Emacs
* emacstool Emacs
* emu xopt
* env Shellutils
* eqn Groff
* error bsd44
* es es
* esdebug es
* etags Emacs
* ex nvi
* expand Textutils
* expect DejaGnu
* expr Shellutils
* exterm xopt
* f2c f2c
* factor bsd44
* fakemail Emacs
* false Shellutils
* fastboot bsd44
* fax2ps FlexFAX
* faxalter FlexFAX
* faxanswer FlexFAX
* faxcover FlexFAX
* faxd FlexFAX
* faxd.recv FlexFAX
* faxmail FlexFAX
* faxquit FlexFAX
* faxrcvd FlexFAX
* faxrm FlexFAX
* faxstat FlexFAX
* fc f2c
* fdraw xopt
* fgrep grep
* file bsd44
* find Findutils
* find2perl perl
* finger finger
* fingerd finger
* fish bsd44
* fixfonts Texinfo
* fixinc.svr4 GCC
* fixincludes GCC
* flex flex
* fmt bsd44
* fold Textutils
* font2c Ghostscript
* fontconvert Fontutils
* forth Tile Forth
* forthicon Tile Forth
* forthtool Tile Forth
* fortune bsd44
* fpr bsd44
* freq ispell
* freqtbl ispell
* from bsd44
* fsck bsd44
* fsplit bsd44
* fstat bsd44
* ftp bsd44
* ftpd bsd44
* g++ GCC
* gas Binutils
* gawk Gawk
* gcc GCC
* gcore bsd44
* gdb GDB
* genclass libg++
* getty bsd44
* gftodvi TeX
* gftopk TeX
* gftype TeX
* ghostview Ghostview
* gnats GNATS
* gnuchess Chess
* gnuchessc Chess
* gnuchessn Chess
* gnuchessr Chess
* gnuchessx Chess
* gnupdisp Shogi
* gnuplot gnuplot
* gnuplot_x11 gnuplot
* gnushogi Shogi
* gnushogir Shogi
* gnushogix Shogi
* go GnuGo
* gpc xopt
* gpc xreq
* gperf gperf
* gperf libg++
* gprof Binutils
* graph Graphics
* grep grep
* grodvi Groff
* groff Groff
* grops Groff
* grotty Groff
* groups Shellutils
* gs Ghostscript
* gsbj Ghostscript
* gsdj Ghostscript
* gslj Ghostscript
* gslp Ghostscript
* gsnd Ghostscript
* gsrenderfont Fontutils
* gunzip gzip
* gwm xopt
* gzexe gzip
* gzip gzip
* h2ph perl
* h2pl perl
* hack bsd44
* hangman bsd44
* head Textutils
* hello hello
* hexdump bsd44
* hexl Emacs
* hostname Shellutils
* hp2xx hp2xx
* hterm xopt
* i18nOlwmV2 xopt
* i2mif xopt
* ico xopt
* ico xreq
* id Shellutils
* ident RCS
* ifconfig bsd44
* ifnames Autoconf
* ImageMagick xopt
* imageto Fontutils
* iman xopt
* imgrotate Fontutils
* indent indent
* indxbib Groff
* inetd bsd44
* info Texinfo
* inimf TeX
* init bsd44
* initex TeX
* inn bsd44
* install Fileutils
* iostat bsd44
* ispell ispell
* ixterm xopt
* ixx xopt
* join Textutils
* jot bsd44
* jove bsd44
* kdestroy bsd44
* kdump bsd44
* kermit bsd44
* kgames xopt
* kgmon bsd44
* kill bsd44
* kinit bsd44
* kinput2 xopt
* klist bsd44
* kpasswdd bsd44
* ksrvtgt bsd44
* kterm xopt
* ktrace bsd44
* lam bsd44
* larn bsd44
* lasergnu gnuplot
* last bsd44
* lastcomm bsd44
* latex TeX
* lclock xopt
* ld Binutils
* leave bsd44
* less less
* lesskey less
* libbfd.a Binutils
* libbfd.a GAS
* libbfd.a GDB
* libbzr.a Fontutils
* libc.a C Library
* libcompat.a bsd44
* libcurses.a bsd44
* libcurses.a nvi
* libedit.a bsd44
* libF77.a f2c
* libg++.a libg++
* libgdbm.a gdbm
* libgf.a Fontutils
* libgmp.a gmp
* libI77.a f2c
* libkvm.a bsd44
* libm.a bsd44
* libnihcl.a NIHCL
* libnihclmi.a NIHCL
* libnihclvec.a NIHCL
* libnls.a xreq
* liboctave.a Octave
* liboldX.a xreq
* libpbm.a Fontutils
* libPEXt.a xopt
* libpk.a Fontutils
* libresolv.a bsd44
* librpc.a bsd44
* libtcl.a DejaGnu
* libtelnet.a bsd44
* libterm.a bsd44
* libtermcap.a Termcap
* libtfm.a Fontutils
* libutil.a bsd44
* libWc.a xopt
* libwidgets.a Fontutils
* libX.a xreq
* libXau.a xreq
* libXaw.a xreq
* libXcp.a xopt
* libXcu.a xopt
* libXdmcp.a xreq
* libXmp.a xopt
* libXmu.a xreq
* libXO.a xopt
* libXop.a xopt
* libXp.a xopt
* libXpex.a xopt
* libXt.a xopt
* libXt.a xreq
* libXwchar.a xopt
* liby.a bsd44
* libYgl.a Ygl
* limn Fontutils
* listres xopt
* listres xreq
* lkbib Groff
* ln Fileutils
* locate Findutils
* lock bsd44
* logger bsd44
* login bsd44
* logname Shellutils
* look ispell
* lookbib Groff
* lorder bsd44
* lpr bsd44
* ls Fileutils
* m4 m4
* mail bsd44
* make Make
* make-docfile Emacs
* make-path Emacs
* makeindex TeX
* makeinfo Texinfo
* MakeTeXPK TeX
* man bsd44
* man-macros Groff
* mattrib mtools
* maze xopt
* maze xreq
* mazewar xopt
* mcd mtools
* mcopy mtools
* mdel mtools
* mdir mtools
* me-macros Groff
* merge RCS
* mesg bsd44
* mf TeX
* mformat mtools
* mft TeX
* mgdiff xopt
* mh bsd44
* mille bsd44
* mkdep bsd44
* mkdir Fileutils
* mkfifo Fileutils
* mklocale bsd44
* mkmanifest mtools
* mkmf bsd44
* mkmodules CVS
* mknod Fileutils
* mkstr bsd44
* mlabel mtools
* mm-macros Groff
* mmd mtools
* monop bsd44
* more bsd44
* morse bsd44
* mount bsd44
* mountd bsd44
* movemail Emacs
* mprof bsd44
* mrd mtools
* mread mtools
* mren mtools
* ms-macros Groff
* msgs bsd44
* mt cpio
* mterm xopt
* mtree bsd44
* mtype mtools
* mule MULE
* muncher xopt
* mv Fileutils
* mvdir Fileutils
* mwrite mtools
* nethack Nethack
* netstat bsd44
* newfs bsd44
* nfsd bsd44
* nfsiod bsd44
* nfsstat bsd44
* nice Shellutils
* nl Textutils
* nlmconv Binutils
* nm Binutils
* nohup Shellutils
* notify FlexFAX
* nroff Groff
* number bsd44
* objc GCC
* objcopy Binutils
* objdump Binutils
* objective-c GCC
* obst-boot OBST
* obst-CC OBST
* obst-cct OBST
* obst-cgc OBST
* obst-cmp OBST
* obst-cnt OBST
* obst-cpcnt OBST
* obst-csz OBST
* obst-dir OBST
* obst-dmp OBST
* obst-gen OBST
* obst-gsh OBST
* obst-init OBST
* obst-scp OBST
* obst-sil OBST
* obst-stf OBST
* oclock xreq
* octave Octave
* od Textutils
* oleo Oleo
* ora-examples xopt
* p2c p2c
* pagesize bsd44
* palette xopt
* pascal bsd44
* passwd bsd44
* paste Textutils
* patch patch
* patgen TeX
* pathalias bsd44
* pathchk Shellutils
* pax bsd44
* pbmplus xopt
* perl perl
* pfbtops Groff
* phantasia bsd44
* pic Groff
* pig bsd44
* ping bsd44
* pixedit xopt
* pixmap xopt
* pktogf TeX
* pktype TeX
* plaid xopt
* plot2fig Graphics
* plot2plot Graphics
* plot2ps Graphics
* plot2tek Graphics
* pltotf TeX
* pollrcvd FlexFAX
* pom bsd44
* pooltype TeX
* portmap bsd44
* ppt bsd44
* pr Textutils
* pr-addr GNATS
* pr-edit GNATS
* primes bsd44
* printenv Shellutils
* printf Shellutils
* protoize GCC
* ps bsd44
* ps2ascii Ghostscript
* ps2epsi Ghostscript
* ps2fax FlexFAX
* psbb Groff
* pstat bsd44
* psycho xopt
* ptx ptx
* pubdic+ xopt
* puzzle xopt
* puzzle xreq
* pwd Shellutils
* pyramid xopt
* query-pr GNATS
* quiz bsd44
* quot bsd44
* quota bsd44
* quotacheck bsd44
* quotaon bsd44
* rain bsd44
* random bsd44
* ranlib Binutils
* rbootd bsd44
* rc rc
* rcp bsd44
* rcs RCS
* rcs-to-cvs CVS
* rcs2log Emacs
* rcsdiff RCS
* rcsfreeze RCS
* rcsmerge RCS
* rdist bsd44
* reboot bsd44
* recode recode
* recvstats FlexFAX
* refer Groff
* renice bsd44
* repquota bsd44
* restore bsd44
* rev bsd44
* rexecd bsd44
* rlog RCS
* rlogin bsd44
* rlogind bsd44
* rm Fileutils
* rmail bsd44
* rmdir Fileutils
* rmt cpio
* rmt tar
* robots bsd44
* rogue bsd44
* route bsd44
* routed bsd44
* rr xopt
* rs bsd44
* rsh bsd44
* rshd bsd44
* runtest DejaGnu
* runtest.exp DejaGnu
* ruptime bsd44
* rwho bsd44
* rwhod bsd44
* s2p perl
* sail bsd44
* savecore bsd44
* sc bsd44
* sccs bsd44
* sccs2rcs CVS
* scdisp xopt
* screen screen
* script bsd44
* scsiformat bsd44
* sctext xopt
* sdiff Diffutils
* sed sed
* send-pr GNATS
* sendfax FlexFAX
* sendmail bsd44
* sgi2fax FlexFAX
* sh bsd44
* shar Sharutils
* shinbun xopt
* shogi Shogi
* showfont xopt
* showmount bsd44
* shutdown bsd44
* size Binutils
* sj3 xopt
* sjxa xopt
* slattach bsd44
* sleep Shellutils
* sliplogin bsd44
* snake bsd44
* snftobdf xopt
* soelim Groff
* sort Textutils
* sos2obst OBST
* spider xopt
* split Textutils
* startslip bsd44
* stf OBST
* strings Binutils
* strip Binutils
* stty Shellutils
* su Shellutils
* sum Textutils
* superopt Superopt
* swapon bsd44
* sync bsd44
* sysctl bsd44
* syslogd bsd44
* systat bsd44
* tac Textutils
* tail Textutils
* taintperl perl
* talk bsd44
* talkd bsd44
* tangle TeX
* tar tar
* tbl Groff
* tcl DejaGnu
* tclsh DejaGnu
* tcopy bsd44
* tcp Emacs
* tee Shellutils
* tek2plot Graphics
* telnet bsd44
* telnetd bsd44
* test Shellutils
* test-g++ DejaGnu
* test-tool DejaGnu
* tetris bsd44
* tex TeX
* tex3patch Texinfo
* texi2dvi Texinfo
* texindex Texinfo
* texspell TeX
* textfmt FlexFAX
* tfmtodit Groff
* tftopl TeX
* tftp bsd44
* tftpd bsd44
* tgrind TeX
* time time
* timed bsd44
* timer Emacs
* timex xopt
* tip bsd44
* tkpostage xopt
* tn3270 bsd44
* touch Fileutils
* tput tput
* tr Textutils
* traceroute bsd44
* transcript FlexFAX
* transfig xopt
* trek bsd44
* trn3 bsd44
* troff Groff
* trpt bsd44
* trsp bsd44
* true Shellutils
* tset bsd44
* tsort bsd44
* tty Shellutils
* tunefs bsd44
* tvtwm xopt
* twm xreq
* ul bsd44
* umount bsd44
* uname Shellutils
* uncompress gzip
* unexpand Textutils
* unifdef bsd44
* uniq Textutils
* unprotoize GCC
* unshar Sharutils
* unvis bsd44
* update bsd44
* updatedb Findutils
* users Shellutils
* uuchk UUCP
* uucico UUCP
* uuconv UUCP
* uucp UUCP
* uucpd bsd44
* uudecode Sharutils
* uudir UUCP
* uuencode Sharutils
* uulog UUCP
* uuname UUCP
* uupick UUCP
* uurate UUCP
* uusched UUCP
* uustat UUCP
* uuto UUCP
* uux UUCP
* uuxqt UUCP
* v Fileutils
* vacation bsd44
* vandal xopt
* vcdiff Emacs
* vdir Fileutils
* vftovp TeX
* vgrind bsd44
* vi nvi
* viewres xopt
* viewres xreq
* vine xopt
* vipw bsd44
* virmf TeX
* virtex TeX
* vis bsd44
* vmstat bsd44
* vptovf TeX
* w bsd44
* wakeup Emacs
* wall bsd44
* wargames bsd44
* wc Textutils
* wdiff wdiff
* weave TeX
* what bsd44
* whatis bsd44
* whereis bsd44
* who Shellutils
* whoami Shellutils
* whois bsd44
* window bsd44
* winterp xopt
* wish DejaGnu
* worm bsd44
* worms bsd44
* write bsd44
* wump bsd44
* x11perf xreq
* x2p perl
* xalarm xopt
* xancur xopt
* xargs Findutils
* xauth xreq
* xbfe Fontutils
* xbiff xopt
* xbiff xreq
* xboard xboard
* xboing xopt
* xbuffy3 xopt
* xcalc xopt
* xcalc xreq
* xcalendar xopt
* xcdplayer xopt
* xcell xopt
* xclipboard xreq
* xclock xreq
* xcmdmenu xopt
* xcms xopt
* xcmsdb xreq
* xcmstest xreq
* xco xopt
* xcolorize xopt
* xcolors xopt
* xconsole xreq
* xcrtca xopt
* xdaliclock xopt
* xdiary xopt
* xditview Groff
* xditview xopt
* xditview xreq
* xdm xreq
* xdpyinfo xreq
* xdu xopt
* xdvi TeX
* xdvi xopt
* xdvorak xopt
* xearth xopt
* xed xopt
* xedit xopt
* xedit xreq
* xev xopt
* xev xreq
* xexit xopt
* xeyes xopt
* xeyes xreq
* xfd xreq
* xfed xopt
* xfedor xopt
* xfeoak xopt
* xferstats FlexFAX
* xfig xopt
* xfontsel xopt
* xfontsel xreq
* xforecast xopt
* xgas xopt
* xgas xreq
* xgc xopt
* xgc xreq
* xhearts xopt
* xhelp xopt
* xhost xreq
* xinit xreq
* xkeycaps xopt
* xkill xreq
* xlax xopt
* xlayout xopt
* xlbiff xopt
* xless xopt
* xload xopt
* xload xreq
* xlogin xopt
* xlogo xreq
* xlsatoms xreq
* xlsclients xreq
* xlsfonts xreq
* xmag xreq
* xmail xopt
* xmailbox xopt
* xmailwatcher xopt
* xman xopt
* xman xreq
* xmandel xopt
* xmessage xopt
* xmeter xopt
* xmh xreq
* xmh-icons xopt
* xmh.editor xopt
* xmodmap xreq
* xmon xopt
* xmove xopt
* xmphone xopt
* xpd xopt
* xphoon xopt
* xpipeman xopt
* xplot Graphics
* xpostit xopt
* xpr xopt
* xpr xreq
* xprompt xopt
* xproof xopt
* xprop xreq
* xpserv xopt
* xrdb xreq
* xrefresh xreq
* xrsh xopt
* xrubik xopt
* xrunclient xopt
* xscope xopt
* xscreensaver xopt
* xsession xopt
* xset xreq
* xsetroot xreq
* xshogi xshogi
* xstdcmap xreq
* xstr bsd44
* xtalk xopt
* xterm xreq
* xterm_color xopt
* xtetris xopt
* xTeXcad.13 xopt
* xtiff xopt
* xtree xopt
* xtv xopt
* xwd xreq
* xwininfo xreq
* xwud xreq
* yacc bsd44
* yes Shellutils
* youbin xopt
* yow Emacs
* zcat gzip
* zcmp gzip
* zdiff gzip
* zforce gzip
* zgrep gzip
* zmore gzip
* znew gzip
* [ Shellutils
Tapes
We offer Unix
source code on tapes in
tar
format on these media:
4mm DAT cartridges
8mm Exabyte cartridges
Sun DC300XLP QIC-24 1/4in cartridges (readable on some other systems)
Hewlett-Packard 16-track DC600HC 1/4in cartridges
IBM RS/6000 QIC-150 1/4in cartridges (readable on some other systems)
1600bpi 9-track 1/2in reel tape
The contents of the reel and various cartridge tapes for Unix systems are
the same (except for the RS/6000 Emacs tape, which also has executables for
Emacs); only the media are different. For pricing information, see the
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
Source code for the manuals and reference cards is included
(see section
GNU Documentation
).
Some of the files on the tapes may be compressed with
gzip
to
make them fit. Refer to the top-level `README' file at the
beginning of each tape for instructions on uncompressing them.
uncompress
and
unpack
do not work
Languages Tape
This tape contains programming tools: compilers, interpreters, and related
programs (parsers, conversion programs, debuggers, etc.).
* Binutils 2.5.2
* Bison 1.22
* C Library 1.09
* DejaGnu 1.2
* dld 3.2.3
* ecc 1.2.1
* f2c 1994.11.03
* flex 2.4.7
* Gawk 2.15.5
* GCC/G++/Objective-C 2.6.3
* GDB 4.13
* gdbm 1.7.3
* gmp 1.3.2
* gperf 2.1a
* gzip 1.2.4
* indent 1.9.1
* libg++ 2.6.1
* libobjects 0.1.0
* Make 3.72.1
* NIHCL 3.0
* OBST 3.4
* Octave 1.0
* p2c 1.20
* perl 4.036
* perl 5.000
* regex 0.12
* rx 0.05
* Smalltalk 1.1.1
* Superopt 2.3
* Texinfo 3.1
* Tile Forth 2.1
Lisps and Emacs Tape
This tape has Common Lisp systems and libraries, GNU Emacs, assorted
extensions that work with GNU Emacs, and a few other important utilities.
* Calc 2.02c
* CLISP 1994.10.26
* Common Lisp 1.1
* elib 0.06
* Emacs 18.59
* Emacs 19.28
* GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manaul, Ed. 2.3
* gzip 1.2.4
* Make 3.72.1
* MULE 2.1
* PCL 1993.03.18
* Texinfo 3.1
Utilities Tape
This tape consists mostly of smaller utilities and miscellaneous
applications.
* acm 4.6
* Autoconf 1.11
* Autoconf 2.1
* BASH 1.14.2
* bc 1.03
* Chess 4.0.73
* cpio 2.3
* CVS 1.3
* dc 0.2
* Diffutils 2.7
* doschk 1.1
* ed 0.2
* es 0.84
* Fileutils 3.12
* Findutils 4.1
* finger 1.37
* FlexFAX 2.2.2.1
* Fontutils 0.6
* Ghostscript 2.6.1
* Ghostview 1.5
* GNATS 3.2
* GnuGo 1.1
* gnuplot 3.5
* Graphics 0.17
* grep 2.0
* Groff 1.09
* gzip 1.2.4
* hello 1.3
* hp2xx 3.1.4
* ispell 3.1.13
* m4 1.3
* Make 3.72.1
* mkisofs 1.01
* mm 1.07
* mtools 2.0.7
* Nethack 3.1.3
* nvi 1.34
* Oleo 1.6
* patch 2.1
* ptx 0.4
* rc 1.4
* RCS 5.6.0.1
* recode 3.4
* saoimage 1.08
* screen 3.5.2
* screen 3.6.0
* sed 1.18 & 2.05
* Sharutils 4.1
* Shellutils 1.12
* Shogi 1.2.02
* tar 1.11.2
* Termcap 1.2
* Texinfo 3.1
* Textutils 1.11
* time 1.6
* tput 1.0
* UUCP 1.05
* wdiff 0.04
* xboard 3.1.1
* xshogi 1.2.02
* Ygl 2.9
Scheme Tape
Scheme is a simplified, lexically-scoped dialect of Lisp. It was designed
at MIT and other universities to teach students the art of programming, and
to research new parallel programming constructs and compilation techniques.
This tape contains MIT Scheme 7.1, which conforms to the
"Revised^4 Report On the Algorithmic Language Scheme"
(MIT AI Lab Memo 848b), for which TeX source is included.
It is written partly in C, but is presently hard to bootstrap.
Binaries that can be used to bootstrap Scheme are available for:
HP 9000 series 300, 400, 700 & 800 running HP-UX 7.0 or 8.0
NeXT running NeXT OS 1.0 or 2.0
Sun-3 or Sun-4 running SunOS 4.1
DECstation 3100/5100 running Ultrix 4.0
Sony NeWS-3250 running NEWS OS 5.01
Vax running 4.3BSD
If your system is not on this list and you don't enjoy the bootstrap
challenge, see the JACAL item in section
GNU Software
X11 Tapes
The two X11 tapes contain Version 11, Release 6 of the X Window System.
The first tape contains all of the core software, documentation and
some contributed clients. We call this the "required" X tape since it is
necessary for running X or running GNU Emacs under X. The second,
"optional" tape contains contributed libraries and other toolkits, the
Andrew User Interface System, games, and other programs.
The X11 Required tape also contains all fixes and patches released to date.
We update this tape as new fixes and patches are released for programs on
both tapes. See section
Tape & CD-ROM Subscription Service
We will distribute X11R5 on tape until X11R6 is stable, and on the
section
November 1993 Source Code CD-ROM
, while supplies last.
Berkeley 4.4BSD--Lite Tape
The "4.4BSD--Lite" release is the latest from the Computer Systems
Research Group at the University of California at Berkeley. It has most of
the BSD software system except for a few proprietary files that are in the
full 4.4BSD distribution. It is much more complete than the previous
"Net2" release.
VMS Emacs and VMS Compiler Tapes
We offer two VMS tapes. One has just GNU Emacs 18.59 (none of the other
software on the section
Lisps and Emacs Tape
, is included). The other has GCC
2.3.3, Bison 1.19 (to compile GCC), GAS 1.38 (to assemble GCC's output) and
some library and include files (none of the other software on the
section
Languages Tape
, is included). We are not aware of a GDB port for
VMS. Both VMS tapes have DEC VAX executables from which you can bootstrap,
as the DEC VMS C compiler cannot compile GCC. We are not yet distributing
executables for DEC Alpha VMS systems. Please do not ask us to devote
effort to VMS support, because it is peripheral to the GNU Project.
CD-ROMs
We offer these CD-ROMs:
section
MS-DOS CD-ROM
, expected in February 1995.
section
Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROM
, expected in spring 1995.
section
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
section
December 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
section
May 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
section
November 1993 Source Code CD-ROM
Our CD-ROMs are in ISO 9660 format & can be mounted as a read-only file
system on most computers. If your driver supports it you can mount each
CD-ROM with "Rock Ridge" extensions (the MS-DOS CD-ROM is only in ISO
9660 format) & it will look just like an ordinary Unix file system, rather
than one full of truncated & otherwise mangled names that fit vanilla ISO
9660.
You can build most of the software without copying the sources off the CD.
You only need enough disk space for object files and intermediate build
targets.
Pricing of the GNU CD-ROMs
If a business or organization is ultimately paying, the December 1994
Source CD costs $240. It costs $60 if you, an individual, are paying out
of your own pocket. The December 1994 Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM costs
$220 for a business or organization, and $55 for an individual.
What do the individual and company prices mean?
The software on our disk is free; anyone can copy it and anyone can run it.
What we charge for is the physical disk and the service of distribution.
We charge two different prices depending on who is buying. When a company
or other organization buys the December 1994 Source CD-ROM, we charge $240.
When an individual buys the same disk, we charge just $60.
This distinction is not a matter of who is allowed to use the software. In
either case, once you have a copy, you can distribute as many copies as you
wish, and there's no restriction on who can have or run them. The price
distinction is entirely a matter of what kind of entity pays for the CD.
You, the reader, are certainly an individual, not a company. If you are
buying a disk "in person", then you are probably doing so as an
individual. But if you expect to be reimbursed by your employer, then the
disk is really for the company; so please pay the company price and get
reimbursed for it. We won't try to check up on you--we use the honor
system--so please cooperate.
Buying CDs at the company price is very helpful for GNU; just 140 Source
CDs at that price supports an FSF programmer or tech writer for a year.
Why is there an individual price?
In the past, our distribution tapes have been ordered mainly by companies.
The CD at the price of $240 provides them with all of our software for a
much lower price than they would previously have paid for six different
tapes. To lower the price more would cut into the FSF's funds very
badly, and decrease the software development we can do.
However, for individuals, $240 is
too high a price;
hardly anyone could afford that. So we decided to make CDs available to
individuals at the lower price of $60.
Is there a maximum price?
Our stated prices are minima. Feel free to pay a higher price if you
wish to support GNU development more. The sky's the limit; we will accept
as high a price as you can offer. Or simply give a donation
(tax-deductible in the U.S.) to the Free Software Foundation, a tax-exempt
public charity.
MS-DOS CD-ROM
We are releasing our first CD-ROM for MS-DOS in February 1995. Contact
either address on
the top menu
for more information at that time.
The MS-DOS CD will be packaged inside a book describing its contents.
It will have all the sources and executables on the MS-DOS
Diskettes. For details and version numbers, see section
MS-DOS Diskettes
Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROM
Starting this spring, the FSF will be shipping a CD-ROM with Debian
GNU/Linux on it. This CD will be packaged inside a book describing
its contents.
Debian GNU/Linux is a complete operating system for x86 machines,
available in both source code and binary form. It is a GNU/Linux
system--that is to say, a variant GNU system which uses Linux as the
kernel. (All the systems now available which use the Linux kernel
are GNU/Linux systems.)
Debian is being developed by Ian Murdock and the Debian Association in
conjunction with the Free Software Foundation. We are distributing it
as an interim measure until the GNU kernel (the Hurd) is ready for
users.
Debian GNU/Linux is available
in `/pub/Linux/distributions/debian'
on the ftp site
sunsite.unc.edu
For more information
about the Debian Project and how to get involved, see
`/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/DEBIAN' on a GNU FTP host (see section
How to Get GNU Software
for a list).
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
We are now offering a CD-ROM that contains executables for GNU compiler
tools for some systems which lack a compiler.
This enables the people who use these systems
to compile GNU and other free software without having to buy
a proprietary compiler.
You can also use the GNU compilation system to compile your own
C/C++/Objective-C programs.
We hope to have more systems on each update of this CD. If you can
help build binaries for new systems (especially those that don't come with
a C compiler), or have one to suggest, please contact us at the addresses
on
the top menu.
These packages
* DJGPP 1.12.m2 from GCC 2.6.0
* GCC/G++/Objective-C 2.6.2
* GNU C Library 1.09
* GDB 4.13
* Binutils 2.5.2
* Bison 1.22
* Emacs 19.26 (MS-DOS only)
* Flex 2.4.7
* Make 3.72.1
* libg++ 2.6.1
On these platforms:
i386-msdos
hppa1.1-hp-hpux9
sparc-sun-solaris2
sparc-sun-sunos4.1
Source Code CD-ROMs
We have several versions of our Source Code CD-ROMs available:
section
December 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
section
May 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
section
November 1993 Source Code CD-ROM
The older Source Code CDs will be available while supplies last at a
reduced price; see the
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
All of the Source Code CDs also contain Texinfo source for the
GNU Emacs Lisp
Reference Manual
, and other manuals listed in
section
GNU Documentation
as well as a snapshot of the Emacs Lisp Archive at Ohio State University.
(You can get the libraries in this archive by
anonymous FTP from
archive.cis.ohio-state.edu
in
`/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive'.)
The VMS tapes' contents are
not
included. Many programs that are
only on MS-DOS diskettes and not on the tapes are also
not
included.
The contents of the MIT Scheme & X11 Optional tapes are
not
on the
November 1993 & May 1994 Source CDs. See section
Tapes
& section
MS-DOS Diskettes
There are no precompiled programs on these Source CDs. You will need a C
compiler (programs which need some other interpreter or compiler normally
provide the C source for a bootstrapping program). We ship C compiler
binaries for some systems on the section
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
December 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
This is the fifth edition of our Source Code CD-ROM. It has Edition 2.3
for version 19.25 of the
GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
& some
additional software; not all FSF distributed software is included
(see section
Source Code CD-ROMs
). It contains the following packages:
* acm 4.6
* Autoconf 1.11
* Autoconf 2.1
* BASH 1.14.2
* bc 1.02
* Binutils 2.5.2
* Bison 1.22
* C Library 1.09
* Calc 2.02c
* Chess 4.0.73
* CLISP 1994.10.26
* Common Lisp 1.0
* cpio 2.3
* CVS 1.3
* dc 0.2
* DejaGnu 1.2
* Diffutils 2.7
* dld 3.2.3
* doschk 1.1
* ecc 1.2.1
* ed 0.1
* elib 0.06
* elisp archive
* Emacs 18.59
* Emacs 19.28
* es 0.84
* f2c 1994.11.03
* Fileutils 3.12
* findutils 4.1
* finger 1.37
* flex 2.4.7
* Fontutils 0.6
* Gawk 2.15.5
* GCC 2.6.1
* GDB 4.13
* gdbm 1.7.3
* Ghostscript 2.6.1
* Ghostview 1.5
* Ghostview for Windows 1.0
* gmp 1.3.2
* GNATS 3.2
* GnuGo 1.1
* gnuplot 3.5
* gperf 2.1a
* Graphics 0.17
* grep 2.0
* Groff 1.09
* gzip 1.2.4
* hello 1.3
* hp2xx 3.1.4
* indent 1.9.1
* ispell 3.1.12
* libg++ 2.6.1
* libobjects 0.1.0
* m4 1.4
* MandelSpawn 0.07
* Make 3.72.1
* MIT Scheme 7.2 (for MS-DOS only)
* mkisofs 1.01
* mtools 2.0.7
* MULE 2.1
* Nethack 3.1.3
* NIHCL 3.0
* nvi 1.34
* Octave 1.0
* Oleo 1.6
* p2c 1.20
* patch 2.1
* perl 4.036
* perl 5.000
* ptx 0.4
* rc 1.4
* RCS 5.6.0.1
* recode 3.4
* regex 0.12
* rx 0.05
* screen 3.5.2
* sed 1.18
* sed 2.05
* sharutils 4.1
* Shellutils 1.12
* Shogi 1.2.02
* Smalltalk 1.1.1
* Superopt 2.3
* tar 1.11.2
* Termcap 1.2
* TeX 3.1
* Texinfo 3.1
* Textutils 1.11
* Tile Forth 2.1
* time 1.6
* tput 1.0
* UUCP 1.05
* wdiff 0.5
* X11R6
* xboard 3.1.1
* xshogi 1.2.02
* ygl 2.9
May 1994 Source Code CD-ROM
We still have the fourth edition of our Source CD, at a reduced price.
This CD has Edition 2.3 for version 19 of the
GNU Emacs Lisp
Reference Manual
& some additional software; not all FSF distributed
software is included (see section
Source Code CD-ROMs
). It contains the
following packages:
* acm 4.5
* Autoconf 1.10
* BASH 1.13.5
* bc 1.02
* Binutils 2.3
* Bison 1.22
* C Library 1.08
* Calc 2.02c
* Chess 4.0.69
* CLISP 1994.01.08
* Common Lisp 1.0
* cpio 2.3
* CVS 1.3
* dc 0.2
* DejaGnu 1.2
* Diffutils 2.6
* dld 3.2.3
* doschk 1.1
* ecc 1.2.1
* ed 0.1
* elib 0.06
* Emacs 18.59
* Emacs 19.23
* es 0.84
* f2c 1994.04.14
* Fileutils 3.9
* find 3.8
* finger 1.37
* flex 2.4.6
* Fontutils 0.6
* GAS 1.36.utah
* GAS 2.2
* Gawk 2.15.4
* GCC 2.5.8
* GDB 4.12
* gdbm 1.7.1
* Ghostscript 2.6.1
* Ghostview 1.5
* Ghostview for Windows 1.0
* gmp 1.3.2
* GNATS 3.2
* GnuGo 1.1
* gnuplot 3.5
* gperf 2.1a
* Graphics 0.17
* grep 2.0
* Groff 1.09
* gzip 1.2.4
* hello 1.3
* hp2xx 3.1.4
* indent 1.9.1
* ispell 4.0
* libg++ 2.5.3
* m4 1.1
* Make 3.71
* MandelSpawn 0.07
* mtools 2.0.7
* MULE 1.0
* NetFax 3.2.1
* Nethack 3.1.3
* NIHCL 3.0
* nvi 1.11
* Octave 1.0
* Oleo 1.5
* p2c 1.20
* patch 2.1
* PCL 1993.03.18
* perl 4.036
* ptx 0.3
* rc 1.4
* RCS 5.6.0.1
* recode 3.3
* regex 0.12
* screen 3.5.2
* sed 2.05
* shellutils 1.9.4
* Shogi 1.1.02
* Smalltalk 1.1.1
* Superopt 2.3
* tar 1.11.2
* Termcap 1.2
* TeX 3.1
* Texinfo 3.1
* Textutils 1.9.1
* Tile Forth 2.1
* time 1.6
* tput 1.0
* UUCP 1.05
* uuencode 1.0
* wdiff 0.04
* X11R6
* xboard 3.0.9
* xshogi 1.2.02
November 1993 Source Code CD-ROM
We still have the third edition of our Source CD, at a reduced price. It
contains X11R5, as we feel that people should have a choice between X11R5
and X11R6 until the latter is stable.
This CD has Edition 2.2 for version 19 of the
GNU Emacs Lisp
Reference Manual
& some additional software; not all FSF distributed
software is included (see section
Source Code CD-ROMs
). It contains the
following packages:
* acm 3.1
* Autoconf 1.7
* BASH 1.13.4
* bc 1.02
* Binutils 1.9 2.3
* Bison 1.22
* C Library 1.06.7
* Calc 2.02b
* Chess 4.0p62
* CLISP 93.11.08
* cpio 2.3
* CVS 1.3
* dc 0.2
* DejaGnu 1.0.1
* Diffutils 2.6
* dld 3.2.3
* doschk 1.1
* ecc 1.2.1
* elib 0.06
* Emacs 18.59
* Emacs 19.21
* es 0.84
* f2c 1993.04.28
* Fileutils 3.9
* find 3.8
* finger 1.37
* flex 2.3.8
* Fontutils 0.6
* GAS 1.36.utah
* GAS 1.38.1
* GAS 2.2
* Gawk 2.15.3
* GCC 2.5.4
* GDB 4.11
* gdbm 1.7.1
* Ghostscript 2.6.1
* Ghostview 1.5
* Ghostview for Windows 1.0
* gmp 1.3.2
* GNATS 3.01
* GnuGo 1.1
* gnuplot 3.5
* gperf 2.1a
* Graphics 0.17
* grep 2.0
* Groff 1.08
* gzip 1.2.4
* hello 1.3
* hp2xx 3.1.3a
* indent 1.8
* Ispell 4.0
* less 177
* libg++ 2.5.1
* m4 1.1
* Make 3.69.1
* MandelSpawn 0.06
* mtools 2.0.7
* MULE 1.0
* NetFax 3.2.1
* Nethack 3.1.3
* NIHCL 3.0
* Oleo 1.5
* p2c 1.20
* patch 2.1
* PCL 93.03.18
* perl 4.036
* ptx 0.3
* rc 1.4
* RCS 5.6.0.1
* recode 3.2.4
* regex 0.12
* screen 3.5.2
* sed 1.18 2.03
* Shellutils 1.9.1
* Shogi 1.1p02
* Smalltalk 1.1.1
* Superopt 2.3
* tar 1.11.2
* Termcap 1.2
* TeX 3.1
* Texinfo 3.1
* Tile Forth 2.1
* time 1.6
* time 1.6
* tput 1.0
* UUCP 1.04
* uuencode 1.0
* wdiff 0.04
* X11R5
MS-DOS Diskettes
The FSF distributes some of the GNU software ported to MS-DOS, on
3.5inch 1.44MB diskettes. These disks have both sources and
executables.
DJGPP Diskettes
We offer DJGPP on 30 diskettes. For further details, see section
GNU Software
The DJGPP diskettes contain the following:
* bc 1.03
* Binutils 2.4
* Bison 1.22
* cpio 2.3
* Diffutils 2.6
* doschk 1.1
* Fileutils 3.9
* Findutils 3.8
* GAS 2.4
* Gawk 2.15.5
* GCC 2.6.0
* GDB 4.12
* Ghostscript 2.6.1
* Ghostview for Windows 1.0
* Groff 1.09
* gzip 1.24
* hello 1.3
* indent 1.9
* ispell 4.0
* m4 1.2
* Make 3.71
* patch 2.1
* sed 1.18
* shellutils 1.9
* Texinfo 3.1
* texutils 1.9
* wdiff 0.04
Emacs Diskettes
Two versions of GNU Emacs are included on the Emacs diskettes we
distribute: GNU Emacs version 19.26 handles 8-bit character sets; the
other, MULE version 2.1, handles 16-bit character sets including Kanji.
Selected Utilities Diskettes
The GNUish MS-DOS Project ported GNU software to PC compatibles. Though
the GNUish Project is no longer active, users still ask for these ports
that were done several years ago. You can anonymous FTP files
`/pub/gnu/MicrosPorts/MSDOS*' from
prep.ai.mit.edu
to
find out how to access these ports over the Internet. We offer these
programs on five diskettes. In general, this software will run on 8086 and
80286--based 16-bit machines; an 80386 is not required. Some of these
utilities are necessarily missing features.
Included are:
cpio
diff
find
flex
gdbm
grep
indent
less
m4
make
ptx
RCS,
sed
shar
sort
Texinfo.
Windows Diskette
We offer GNU Chess and
gnuplot
for Microsoft Windows on a single
diskette.
Tape & CD-ROM Subscription Service
If you do not have net access, our subscription service enables you to stay
current with the latest GNU developments. For a one-time cost equivalent
to three tapes or CD-ROMs (plus shipping in some cases), we will ship you
four new versions of the tape of your choice or the Source Code CD-ROM.
The tapes are sent each quarter; the CD-ROMs are sent as they are issued
(which is between two and four times a year.)
Regularly, we will send you a new version of an
Lisps/Emacs, Languages, Utilities, or X Window System (X11R6) Required tape
or the Source CD-ROM. The MIT Scheme and X Window System Optional
tapes are not changed often enough to warrant quarterly updates. We do not
yet know if we will be offering subscriptions to the Compiler Tools
Binaries or our new CD-ROMs.
Since Emacs 19 is on the Lisps/Emacs Tape and the Source CD-ROM, a
subscription to either is an easy way to keep current with Emacs 19 as it
evolves.
A subscription is an easy way to keep up with the regular bug fixes to the
X Window System. We update the X11R6 Required tape as fixes and
patches are issued throughout the year. Each new edition of the
section
Source Code CD-ROMs
, also has updated sources for the X Window
System.
Please note: In two cases, you must pay 4 times the normal shipping
required for a single order when you pay for each subscription. If you're
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subscription. If you're outside of U.S., Canada, and Puerto Rico, you have
to add $80.00 for each subscription. See "Unix and VMS Software" &
"Shipping Instructions" on the
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
The Deluxe Distribution
The Free Software Foundation has been asked repeatedly to create a package
that provides executables for all of our software. Normally we offer only
sources. In addition to providing binaries with the source code, the
Deluxe Distribution includes a complete set of our printed manuals and
reference cards.
The FSF Deluxe Distribution contains the binaries and sources to hundreds
of different programs including GNU Emacs, the GNU C Compiler, the GNU
Debugger, the complete X Window System, and all the GNU utilities.
We will make a Deluxe Distribution for any machine, with any operating
system. We will send someone to your office to do the compilation, if we
can't find a suitable machine close to us! However, we can only compile
the programs that already support your chosen machine and system --
porting is a separate matter (if you wish to
commission a port, see the GNU Service Directory, details in section
Free Software Support
). Compiling all these programs take time; a Deluxe
Distribution for an unusual machine will take longer to produce then one
for a common machine. Please contact the FSF office if you have any
questions.
We supply the software in one of these tape formats in Unix
tar
format:
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Hewlett-Packard 16-track DC600HC 1/4in cartridge,
IBM RS/6000 1/4in cartridge - QIC 150,
Exabyte 8mm cartridge, or
DAT 4mm cartridge.
If your computer cannot read any of these, please contact us to see if we
can handle your format.
The manuals included are one each of the
Bison
Calc
Gawk
GNU C Compiler
GNU C Library
GDB
Flex
GNU Emacs 19 Lisp Reference
Make
Texinfo
, &
Termcap
manuals; six copies of the
GNU Emacs
19
manual; a packet of ten reference cards each for GNU Emacs, Bison,
Calc, Flex, & GDB; and when it is available, a copy of the
Programming in
Emacs Lisp: An Introduction
manual.
Every Deluxe Distribution also includes a copy of the latest editions of
our CD-ROMs (including the MS-DOS CD & the Debian GNU/Linux CD when they
are available) that contain sources of our software & compiler tool
binaries for some systems. The MS-DOS CD is in ISO 9660 format. The other
CDs are in ISO 9660 format with Rock Ridge extensions.
The price of the Deluxe Distribution is $5000 (shipping included). These
sales provide enormous financial assistance to help the FSF develop more
free software. To order, please fill out the "Deluxe Distribution"
section on the
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
and send it to:
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Massachusetts Avenue
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Telephone: +1-617-876-3296
Fax (including Japan): +1-617-492-9057
Free Dial Fax (in Japan):
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Electronic mail: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
GNU Documentation
GNU is dedicated to having quality, easy-to-use online and printed
documentation.
GNU manuals are intended to explain underlying concepts, describe how
to use all the features of each program, and give examples of command use.
GNU manuals are distributed as Texinfo source files, which yield both
typeset hardcopy via the TeX document formatting system, and online
hypertext display via the menu-driven Info system. Source for these
manuals comes with our software, but we publish some of them as printed
books as well; see the
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
Most GNU manuals are bound as soft cover books with
lay-flat
bindings. This allows you to open them so they lie flat on a table without
creasing the binding. Each book has an inner cloth spine and an outer
cardboard cover that will not break or crease as an ordinary paperback
will. Currently, the
GDB
Emacs
Programming in Emacs
Lisp, An Introduction
Emacs Lisp Reference
GAWK
Make
Flex
Bison
, and
Texinfo
manuals have
this binding. The other GNU manuals also lie flat when opened, using a GBC
or Wire--O binding. All of our manuals are 7in by 9.25in
except the 8.5in by 11in
Calc
manual.
The edition number of the manual and version number of the program listed
after each manual's name were current at the time this Bulletin was
published.
Debugging with GDB
(Edition 4.09 for Version 4.9) tells how to use
the GNU Debugger, run your program under debugger control, examine and
alter data, modify a program's flow of control, and use GDB through GNU
Emacs.
The
Emacs Manual
(10th Edition for Version 19.26) describes editing with
GNU Emacs. It explains advanced features, including outline mode and
regular expression search; how to use special modes for programming in
languages like C++ and TeX; how to use the
tags
utility; how
to compile and correct code; how to make your own keybindings; and other
elementary customizations.
Programming in Emacs Lisp, An Introduction
is an elementary
introduction to programming in Emacs Lisp. It is written for people
who are not programmers or not necessarily interested in
programming, but who do want to customize or extend their computing
environment.
It tells how to write programs that find files; shift buffers; use
searches, conditionals, loops, and recursion; how to write Emacs
initialization files; and how to run the Emacs Lisp debuggers. If you read
the text in GNU Emacs under Info mode, you can run the sample programs
directly.
The
GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
(Edition 2.3 for Version 19.25)
covers this programming language in depth, including data types, control
structures, functions, macros, syntax tables, searching/matching, modes,
windows, keymaps, byte compilation, and the operating system interface.
The
GAWK Manual
(Edition 0.16 for Version 2.16) tells how to use the
GNU implementation of
awk
. It is written for those who have never
used
awk
and describes the features of this powerful string and
record manipulation language.
The
Make Manual
(Edition 0.46 for Version 3.72) describes GNU
make
, a program used to rebuild parts of other programs. The manual
tells how to write
makefiles
, which specify how a program is to be
compiled and how its files depend on each other. Included are an
introductory chapter for novice users and a section about automatically
generated dependencies.
The
Flex Manual
(Edition 1.03 for Version 2.3.7) teaches you to
write a lexical scanner definition for the
flex
program to create a
C++ or C-coded scanner that recognizes the patterns defined. You need
no prior knowledge of scanners.
The
Bison Manual
(December 1993 Edition for Version 1.23) teaches
you how to write context-free grammars for the Bison program that convert
into C-coded parsers. You need no prior knowledge of parser generators.
Using and Porting GNU CC
(September 1994 Edition for Version 2.6)
tells how to run, install, and port the GNU C Compiler to new systems. It
lists new features and incompatibilities of GCC, but people not familiar
with C will still need a good reference on the C programming language. It
also covers G++.
The
Texinfo Manual
(Edition 2.19 for Version 3) explains the markup
language used to generate both the online Info documentation and typeset
hardcopies. It tells you how to make tables, lists, chapters, nodes,
indexes, cross references, how to use Texinfo mode in GNU Emacs, and
how to catch mistakes. This second edition describes over 50 new commands.
The
Termcap Manual
(2nd Edition for Version 1.2), often described as
"twice as much as you ever wanted to know about termcap," details the
format of the termcap database, the definitions of terminal capabilities,
and the process of interrogating a terminal description. This manual is
primarily for programmers.
The
C Library Reference Manual
(June 1993 Edition for Version 1.07)
describes most of the facilities of the GNU C library, including both what
Unix calls "library functions" and "system calls." We are doing
limited copier runs of this manual until it becomes more stable. Please
send corrections and improvements to
bug-glibc-manual@prep.ai.mit.edu
The
Emacs Calc Manual
(Edition 2.02 for Version 2.02) is both a
tutorial and a reference manual. It tells how to do ordinary
arithmetic, how to use Calc for algebra, calculus, and other forms of
mathematics, and how to extend Calc.
How to Get GNU Software
All the software and publications from the Free Software Foundation are
distributed with permission to copy and redistribute. The easiest way to
get GNU software is to copy it from someone else who has it.
You can get GNU software direct from the FSF by ordering diskettes, tapes,
or CD-ROMs. Such orders provide most of the funds for the FSF staff to
develop more free software, so please support our work by ordering if you
can. See the
see section
Free Software Foundation Order Form
There are also third party groups who distribute our software; they do not
work with us, but can provide our software in other forms. Some are listed
in section
Free Software for Microcomputers
. Please note that the Free
Software Foundation is
not
affiliated with them in any way and is
not
responsible for either the currency of their versions or the
swiftness of their responses.
If you decide to do business with a commercial distributor of free
software, ask them how much they do to assist free software development,
e.g., by contributing money to free software development projects or by
writing free software themselves for general use. By basing your decision
partially on this factor, you can help encourage support for free
software development.
Our main FTP host is very busy & limits the number of FTP logins. Please
use one of these other TCP/IP Internet sites that also provide GNU software
via anonymous FTP (program:
ftp
, user:
anonymous
password:
your e-mail address
, mode:
binary
). If you have
FTP access but can't reach one of the hosts listed below, you can get the
software via FTP the same way from GNU's main FTP host,
prep.ai.mit.edu
(IP address is
18.71.0.38
). For more
details & additional hosts, get the files
`/pub/gnu/GETTING.GNU.SOFTWARE' and `/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FTP'.
Africa
ftp.sun.ac.za
Asia
utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp
cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr
Australia
archie.au
archie.oz
for ACSnet).
Canada
ftp.cs.ubc.ca
Europe
ugle.unit.no
ftp.stacken.kth.se
isy.liu.se
ftp.luth.se
ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se
(in `[.GNU-VMS]'),
ftp.mcc.ac.uk
unix.hensa.ac.uk
(get the `README' first),
ftp.win.tue.nl
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de
ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de
ftp.funet.fi
ftp.denet.dk
ftp.eunet.ch
nic.switch.ch
irisa.irisa.fr
ftp.univ-lyon1.fr
archive.eu.net
USA
labrea.stanford.edu
ftp.kpc.com
ftp.digex.net
ftp.cs.columbia.edu
vixen.cso.uiuc.edu
mango.rsmas.miami.edu
(VMS GCC),
ftp.hawaii.edu
gatekeeper.dec.com
ftp.uu.net
(in `/systems/gnu').
Those on JANET can look on host
src.doc.ic.ac.uk
in
`/gnu'.
Those who can UUCP can get UUCP instructions via electronic mail from:
info@contrib.de
(Europe).
For those without Internet access, see section
Free Software Support
, for
information on getting electronic mail and file transfer via UUCP.
Other GPLed Software
This is a list of copylefted software that is not presently distributed by
us. FTP a more complete list from
`/pub/gnu/GPLedSoftware' from a GNU FTP host
(see section
How to Get GNU Software
for a list).
Please let us know of additional programs we should mention.
We don't list GNU Emacs Lisp Libraries.
Host
archive.cis.ohio-state.edu
has a list of those you can FTP
in file `/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/LCD-datafile.Z'.
GN, a hybrid Gopher and WWW server
GN is a hybrid Internet Gopher/WWW (World Wide Web) server,
done in C, which runs under Unix. GN serves two protocols used by
WWW clients: gopher0 & HTTP/1.0.
For details, see `http://hopf.math.nwu.edu:70/',
`gopher://hopf.math.nwu.edu', contact the author,
john@math.nwu.edu
, John Franks, or FTP it from
`ftp.acns.nwu.edu:/pub/gn/gn-2.17.tar.gz'
GCT, a Test-Coverage Tool based on GCC
GCT 1.4 is a test-coverage tool based on GCC. (Coverage tools measure how
thoroughly a test suite exercises a program.) GPLed ports for Sun-3, Sun-4,
RS/6000, 68k, 88k, HP--PA, IBM 3090, Ultrix, Convex & SCO are available
from
ftp cs.uiuc.edu
in files
`/pub/testing/gct.file/ftp.*'. Send discussion list subscriptions
to:
gct-request@cs.uiuc.edu
. Further details from the author
Brian Marick,
marick@cs.uiuc.edu
Telephone: +1--217--351--7228.
Free Software for Microcomputers
We do not provide support for GNU software on most microcomputers because it is
peripheral to the GNU Project. However, we are willing to publish
information about groups who do support and maintain them. If you are
aware of any such efforts, please send the details, including postal
addresses, archive sites and mailing lists, to either address on
the top menu.
See section
MS-DOS Diskettes
and section
CD-ROMs
, for microcomputer software
available from the FSF. Please do not ask us about any other software. We
do
not
maintain any of it and have
no
additional information.
Boston Computer Society
The BCS has numerous free programs for microcomputers, including some GNU
programs. Contact them to see what is available for your machine:
Boston Computer Society
101 First Avenue - Suite 2
Waltham, MA 02154
USA
Telephone: +1-617-290-5700
Fax: +1-617-290-5744
Electronic-Mail:
membership@bcs.org
GNU Software on the Amiga
Get Amiga ports of many GNU programs using anonymous FTP from
ftp.funet.fi
in `/pub/amiga/gnu' (Europe).
For info on (or offers to help with) the GCC port and related projects, ask
Leonard Norrgard,
vinsci@nic.funet.fi
. For info on the GNU
Emacs port, ask David Gay,
dgay@di.epfl.ch
, or
Mark D. Henning,
henning@stolaf.edu
. Dave Gilbert,
dgilbert@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org
, will be coordinating
work on Emacs 19. You can get more info via FTP from
prep.ai.mit.edu
in file `/pub/gnu/MicrosPorts/Amiga'.
GNU Software for Atari TOS and Atari Minix
Get Atari ports by anonymous FTP from
atari.archive.umich.edu
in `/atari/Gnustuff', maintained by Howard Chu,
howard@lloyd.com
The GNU software runs on all Atari 68000 and 68030-based systems; a hard
drive and 4 MB RAM minimum are recommended for using the compilers.
See USENET newsgroups, such as
comp.sys.atari.st.tech
, for
discussions.
GNU Software for OS/2
Ports of many GNU programs are on the FTP host
ftp-os2.cdrom.com
in `/pub/os2/32bit/unix/'. Two of
these are of GNU C/C++/Objective-C Compiler to OS/2 2.x and OS/2 3.x,
with the GNU assembler, documentation and both OS/2-specific BSD C libraries.
One is Eberhard Mattes' "emx" port, which also features GDB and many
Unix-related library functions like
fork
. Programs compiled by this
port also run on a 80386 under DOS. It is in directory
`/pub/os2/32bit/unix/emx09a'. To join the mailing list send email
to
listserv@eb.ele.tue.nl
containing
sub emx-list firstname lastname
'.
The other is Michael Johnson's "gcc2" port, now maintained by Colin
Jensen. It is in directory `/pub/os2/32bit/unix/gcc2_261'. To
join the mailing list, ask
os2gcc-request@netcom.com
Linux
(Also see section
Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROM
Linux (named after its main author, Linus Torvalds) is a free kernel that
implements POSIX.1 functionality with SysV & BSD extensions. Complete
systems (essentially variant GNU systems) based on the Linux kernel are now
available for 386/486/Pentium machines with ISA/VLB/EISA/PCI-bus. A
m68k port is in testing (it runs on high end Amiga & Atari
computers). AlphaPC & MIPS ports are being worked on.
FTP it from
tsx-11.mit.edu
in `/pub/linux' (USA) &
nic.funet.fi
in `/pub/OS/Linux' (Europe).
Ask
linux-activists-request@niksula.hut.fi
about mailing lists.
See the USENET newsgroups, such as
comp.os.linux.misc
, for
discussions.
FSF T-shirt
We have a new FSF T-shirt, with a drawing by Berkeley, CA artist Etienne
Suvasa. The front has the ever-popular picture of GNArnold from the
Flex Manual
, while the back has the Preamble to the GNU General
Public License.
They are available in two colors, Natural & Black. Natural is an
off-white, unbleached, undyed, environment-friendly cotton, printed
with black ink, & is great for tye-dyeing or displaying as is. Black is
printed with white ink & is perfect for late night hacking. All
shirts are thick 100% cotton, & are available in sizes M, L, XL &
XXL. This shirt makes a great gift for your favorite hacker!
The previous version of the T-shirt will be available while supplies last,
but please contact the FSF to see if we have what you would like before
ordering.
Project GNU Wish List
Wishes for this issue are for:
Volunteers to distribute this Bulletin at technical conferences, trade
shows, local and national user group meetings, etc. Volunteers to get GNU
articles into their user group newsletters. Please phone or fax the
numbers on
the top menu,
or email
gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
to make
arrangements.
Boston area volunteers for various tasks in the business and programming
offices.
Please contact us at either address on
the top menu.
Volunteers to help write programs and documentation. Send mail to
gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
for the task list and coding standards.
Volunteers to build binaries for systems not yet on the
section
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
(especially for systems that don't come with a C compiler).
Please contact us at either address on
the top menu.
Oleo extensions and other free software for business, such as accounting
and project management programs.
600+ megabyte SCSI disks to give us more space to develop software.
Pentium, 486, or 386 PC compatibles with 200+ MB of disk & Ethernet
cards.
Pentium, 486, or 386 PC laptops.
High end HP-300 workstations.
Sixteen or thirty-two 1 Meg SIMMs for a Sun 4/110.
A Sun SPARCstation and a Sun-3/60 or 4/110.
SCSI tape drives for 4mm DAT cartridge tapes, 8mm Exabyte
cartridge tapes and 1600 or 6250bpi 1/2inch reel to reel tapes.
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