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152
Article
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Woolliams, E. R.
Dorigo, W.
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Gobron, K.
Hohensinn, R.
Loizeau, X.
and
Tynan, C. P. J.
(2026)
Stability specifications for climate data records: their meaning and application in evaluating geophysical trend uncertainty.
Surveys in Geophysics.
ISSN 1573-0956
doi:
10.1007/s10712-026-09941-y
Gobron, K.
Hohensinn, R.
Loizeau, X.
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Woolliams, E. R.
Cox, M. G.
Dorigo, W.
Howard, T.
Langsdale, M.
Povey, A. C.
Ablain, M.
Bogusz, J.
Gruber, A.
Klos, A.
and
Mittaz, J.
(2026)
A unified framework for trend uncertainty assessment in climate data records: demonstration on global mean sea level.
Surveys in Geophysics.
ISSN 1573-0956
doi:
10.1007/s10712-025-09922-7
Ospina, D.
Mirazo, P.
Allan, R. P.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447
Basnett, S.
Bastos, A.
Bhattarai, N.
Broadgate, W.
Broekhoff, D. J.
Bustamante, M.
Chen, D.
Choi, Y.
Cox, P.
Domeignoz-Horta, L. A.
Ebi, K. L.
Friedlingstein, P.
Frölicher, T. L.
Fuss, S.
Goessling, H. F.
Gruber, N.
He, Q.
Hebden, S.
Hedrich, N.
Heilemann, A.
Hirota, M.
Hodnebrog, Ø.
Hugelius, G.
Izquierdo-Tort, S.
Juhola, S.
Kasuga, F.
Ke, P.
Kelley, D. I.
KILKIŞ, Ş.
Kotz, M.
Kumarasinghe, N.
Lamb, W. F.
Lee, S.-Y.
Liu, J.
Maesano, C. N.
Martin, M. A.
Mazzochini, G. G.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Mori, A. S.
Morris, J.
Persson, Å.
Pörtner, H.-O.
Probst, B. S.
Ramage, J.
Razanatsoa, E.
Redman, A.
Rockström, J.
Rodrigues, R. R.
Ruehr, S.
Ryan, S. J.
Sanchez-Rodriguez, R.
Schleussner, C.-F.
Schlosser, P.
Scott, W. A.
Semenza, J. C.
Seybold, H.
Shindell, D. T.
Sioen, G. B.
Smith, K. E.
Sokona, Y.
Stechemesser, A. H.
Stocker, T. F.
Su, S. H.L.
Thiam, D.
Trencher, G. P.
Virkkala, A.-M.
Warszawski, L.
Weiskopf, S. R.
Wu, H.
and
Zhu, S.
(2025)
Ten new insights in climate science 2025.
Global Sustainability.
ISSN 2059-4798
doi:
10.1017/sus.2025.10043
(In Press)
Amadori, M.
Greife, A.J.
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Pinardi, M.
Caroni, R.
Calamita, E.
Serrao, L.
Maidment, R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-3259
Bordoni, S.
Giardino, C.
Bresciani, M.
Fava, F.P.
Schmid, M.
Ndebele-Murisa, M.
Nhiwatiwa, T.
Cretaux, J.-F.
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Liu, X.
Simis, S.
Lomeo, D.
Yesou, H.
Albergel, C.
and
Woolway, R.I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
(2025)
A climatological baseline for understanding patterns of seasonal lake dynamics across sub-Sahelian Africa.
Communications Earth & Environment, 6 (681).
ISSN 2662-4435
doi:
10.1038/s43247-025-02684-5
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Woolway, R.I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
Cretaux, J.-F.
Dokulil, T.M.
Dugan, H.
Laas, A.
Leibensperger, E.
Matsuzaki, S.-I.
Pierson, D.
Pulkkanen, M.
Rusanovskaya, O.O.
Shimaraeva, S.V.
Silow, E.A.
Schmid, M.
Timofeyev, M.A.
and
Verburg, P.
(2025)
Lake surface water temperature [in "State of the Climate in 2024"].
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.
S29-S31.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/2025BAMSStateoftheClimate.1
Gruber, A.
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Dorigo, W.
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Formanek, M.
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Mittaz, J.
Muñoz-Sabater, J.
Pöppl, F.
Povey, A.
and
Wagner, W.
(2025)
Making sense of uncertainties: ask the right question.
Surveys in Geophysics.
ISSN 1573-0956
doi:
10.1007/s10712-025-09889-5
Allan, R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447
and
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2025)
Reconciling Earth’s growing energy imbalance with ocean warming.
Environmental Research Letters, 20 (4).
044002.
ISSN 1748-9326
doi:
10.1088/1748-9326/adb448
Liu, M.
Guan, L.
Liu, F.
Sheng, Z.
Li, Z.
and
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2025)
Dynamic optimal estimation with atmospheric
correction smoothing for sea surface skin
temperature retrieval from infrared satellite
imagery.
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 63.
5000417.
ISSN 1558-0644
doi:
10.1109/TGRS.2024.3519214
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Woolway, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
and
McCarroll, N.
(2025)
Factors influencing lake surface water temperature variability in West Greenland and the role of the ice-sheet.
The Cryosphere, 19 (8).
pp. 3139-3158.
ISSN 1994-0424
doi:
10.5194/tc-19-3139-2025
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Allan, R. P.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447
and
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
(2025)
Quantifying the acceleration of multidecadal global sea surface warming driven by Earth’s energy imbalance.
Environmental Research Letters, 20 (2).
024037.
ISSN 1748-9326
doi:
10.1088/1748-9326/adaa8a
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Maidment, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-3259
Ghent, D.
and
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2024)
Stability of cloud detection methods for Land Surface Temperature (LST) Climate Data Records (CDRs).
Remote Sensing of Environment, 315.
114440.
ISSN 1879-0704
doi:
10.1016/j.rse.2024.114440
González-Haro, C.
Isern-Fontanet, J.
Turiel, A.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Cornillon, P.
(2024)
Structural and dynamical quality assessment of gap-filled sea surface temperature products.
Earth and Space Science, 11 (10).
e2023EA003088.
ISSN 2333-5084
doi:
10.1029/2023EA003088
Govekar, P.
Griffin, C.
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Mittaz, J.
Beggs, H. M.
and
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2024)
Himawari-8 sea surface temperature products from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
Remote Sensing, 16 (18).
3381.
ISSN 2072-4292
doi:
10.3390/rs16183381
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Woolway, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
Crétaux, J.-F.
Dokulil, T. M.
Dugan, H.
Laas, A.
Leibensperger, E.
Matsuzaki, S.-I.
Merio, L. J.
Pierson, D.
Rusanovskaya, O. O.
Shimaraeva, S. V.
Silow, E. A.
Schmid, M.
Timofeyev, M. A.
and
Verburg, P.
(2024)
Lake surface water temperature.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 105 (8).
S33-S35.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0116.1
(in "State of the Climate in 2023")
Hall, T. W.
Blunn, L.
Grimmond, S.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415
McCarroll, N.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Morrison, W.
Shonk, J. K. P.
Lean, H.
and
Best, M.
(2024)
Utility of thermal remote sensing for evaluation of a high-resolution weather model in a city.
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 150 (760).
pp. 1771-1790.
ISSN 1477-870X
doi:
10.1002/qj.4669
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Good, S. A.
Rayner, N. A.
Høyer, J. L.
Atkinson, C.
Block, T.
Alerskans, E.
Pearson, K. J.
Worsfold, M.
McCarroll, N.
and
Donlon, C.
(2024)
Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1980 for climate applications.
Scientific Data, 11 (1).
326.
ISSN 2052-4463
doi:
10.1038/s41597-024-03147-w
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Cretaux, J.-F.
Dokulil, T. M.
Dugan, H. A.
Gibbes, B.
Laas, A.
Leibensperger, E. M.
Maberly, S.
May, L.
Matsuzaki, S.-I.
Monet, G.
Pierson, D.
Pulkkanen, M.
Rusanovskaya, O. O.
Shimaraeva, S. V.
Silow, E. A.
Schmid, M.
Timofeyev, M. A.
Verburg, P.
and
Woolway, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
(2023)
Lake surface water temperature.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 104 (9).
S28-S30.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/2023BAMSStateoftheClimate.1
(in "State of the Climate in 2022")
Neo, V. H. F.
Zinke, J.
Fung, T.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Zawada, K. J. A.
Krawczyk, H.
and
Maina, J. M.
(2023)
Inconsistent coral bleaching risk indicators between temperature data sources.
Earth and Space Science, 10 (7).
e2022EA002688.
ISSN 2333-5084
doi:
10.1029/2022EA002688
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Faulkner, A.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Corlett, G. K.
McCarroll, N.
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Polehampton, E.
and
McGurk, C.
(2023)
Improving the combined use of reflectance and thermal channels for ocean and coastal cloud detection for the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR).
Remote Sensing of Environment, 290.
113531.
ISSN 0034-4257
doi:
10.1016/j.rse.2023.113531
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Mecking, J. V.
Harvey, B. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181
Jevrejeva, S.
McCarroll, N. F.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Sinha, B.
(2023)
Dynamic sea-level changes and potential implications for storm surges in the UK: a storylines perspective.
Environmental Research Letters, 18 (4).
044033.
ISSN 1748-9326
doi:
10.1088/1748-9326/acc6df
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Cretaux, J.-F.
Liu, X.
Wu, Y.
Calmettes, B.
Duguay, C. R.
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Selmes, N.
Simis, S. G. H.
Warren, M.
Yesou, H.
Mueller, D.
Jiang, D.
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Berge-Nguyen, M.
and
Albergel, C.
(2023)
Satellite-derived multivariate world-wide lake physical variable timeseries for climate studies.
Scientific Data, 10 (1).
30.
ISSN 2052-4463
doi:
10.1038/s41597-022-01889-z
Hegglin, M. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-9044
Bastos, A.
Bovensmann, H.
Buchwitz, M.
Fawcett, D.
Ghent, D.
Kulk, G.
Sathyendranath, S.
Shepherd, T. G.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968
Quegan, S.
Röthlisberger, R.
Briggs, S.
Buontempo, C.
Cazenave, A.
Chuvieco, E.
Ciais, P.
Crisp, D.
Engelen, R.
Fadnavis, S.
Herold, M.
Horwath, M.
Jonsson, O.
Kpaka, G.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Mielke, C.
Nagler, T.
Paul, F.
Popp, T.
Quaife, T.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-4613
Rayner, N. A.
Robert, C.
Schröder, M.
Sitch, S.
Venturini, S.
van der Schalie, R.
van der Vliet, M.
Wigneron, J.-P.
and
Woolway, R. I.
(2022)
Space-based Earth observation in support of the UNFCCC Paris Agreement.
Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10.
941490.
ISSN 2296-665X
doi:
10.3389/fenvs.2022.941490
Gong, M.
O'Donnell, R.
Miller, C.
Scott, M.
Simis, S.
Groom, S.
Tyler, A.
Hunter, P.
Spyrakos, E.
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Maberly, S.
and
Carvalho, L.
(2022)
Adaptive smoothing to identify spatial structure in global lake ecological processes using satellite remote sensing data.
Spatial statistics, 50.
100615.
ISSN 2211-6753
doi:
10.1016/j.spasta.2022.100615
Liu, M.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Liu, J.
Song, Q.
and
Guan, L.
(2022)
Retrieval of sea surface temperature from HY-1B COCTS.
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 60.
5002913.
ISSN 0196-2892
doi:
10.1109/TGRS.2022.3190444
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Maidment, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-3259
and
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2022)
Bayesian cloud detection over land for climate data records.
Remote Sensing, 14 (9).
2231.
ISSN 2072-4292
doi:
10.3390/rs14092231
Horwath, M.
Gutknecht, B. D.
Cazenave, A.
Palanisamy, H. K.
Marti, F.
Marzeion, B.
Paul, F.
Le Bris, R.
Hogg, A. E.
Otosake, I.
Shepherd, A.
Doll, P.
Caceres, D.
Schmied, H. M.
Johannessen, J. A.
Nilsen, J. E. Ø.
Raj, R. P.
Forsberg, R.
Sorensen, L. S.
Barletta, V. R.
Simonsen, S. B.
Knudsen, P.
Andersen, O. B.
Ranndal, H.
Rose, S. K.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
MacIntosh, C. R.
Schuckmann, K. v.
Novotny, K.
Groh, A.
Restano, M.
and
Benveniste, J.
(2022)
Global sea-level budget and ocean-mass budget, with a focus on advanced data products and uncertainty characterisation.
Earth System Science Data, 14 (2).
pp. 411-447.
ISSN 1866-3516
doi:
10.5194/essd-14-411-2022
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Woolway, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
(2022)
Lake surface water temperature [in "State of the Climate in 2021"].
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 103 (8).
S28-S30.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/2022BAMSStateoftheClimate.1
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Calmettes, B.
and
Cretaux, J.-F.
(2021)
Lake surface water temperature [in "State of the Climate 2020"].
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 102 (8).
S28-S31.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/2021BAMSStateoftheClimate.1
Yang, C.
Leonelli, F. E.
Marullo, S.
Artale, V.
Beggs, H.
Bunogiorno Nardelli, B.
Chin, T. M.
De Toma, V.
Good, S.
Huang, B.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Sakurai, T.
Santoleri, R.
Vazquez-Cuervo, J.
Zhang, H.-M.
and
Pisano, A.
(2021)
Sea surface temperature intercomparison in the framework of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).
Journal of Climate, 34 (13).
pp. 5257-5283.
ISSN 1520-0442
doi:
10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0793.1
Faulkner, A.
Bulgin, C. E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386
and
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2021)
Characterising industrial thermal plumes in coastal regions using 3-D numerical simulations.
Environmental Research Communications, 3 (4).
ISSN 2515-7620
doi:
10.1088/2515-7620/abf62e
Popp, T.
Hegglin, M. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-9044
Hollmann, R.
Ardhuin, F.
Bartsch, A.
Bastos, A.
Bennett, V.
Boutin, J.
Brockmann, C.
Buchwitz, M.
Chuvieco, E.
Ciais, P.
Dorigo, W.
Ghent, D.
Jones, R.
Lavergne, T.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Meyssignac, B.
Paul, F.
Quegan, S.
Sathyendranath, S.
Scanlon, T.
Schröder, M.
Simis, S. G. H.
and
Willen, U.
(2020)
Consistency of satellite climate data records for Earth system monitoring.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 101 (11).
E1948-E1971.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0127.1
Rayner, N. A.
Auchmann, R.
Bessembinder, J.
Brönnimann, S.
Brugnara, Y.
Capponi, F.
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Dodd, E. M. A.
Ghent, D.
Good, E.
Høyer, J. L.
Kennedy, J. J.
Kent, E. C.
Killick, R. E.
van der Linden, P.
Lindgren, F.
Madsen, K. S.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Mitchelson, J. R.
Morice, C. P.
Nielsen-Englyst, P.
Ortiz, P. F.
Remedios, J. J.
van der Schrier, G.
Squintu, A. A.
Stephens, A.
Thorne, P. W.
Tonboe, R. T.
Trent, T.
Veal, K. L.
Waterfall, A. M.
Winfield, K.
Winn, J.
and
Woolway, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
(2020)
The EUSTACE project: delivering global, daily information on surface air temperature.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 101 (11).
E1924-E1947.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0095.1
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
(2020)
Adjusting for desert-dust-related biases in a climate
data record of sea surface temperature.
Remote Sensing, 12 (16).
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May, D.
Le Borgne, P.
Piolle, J.
Barton, I.
Beggs, H.
Poulter, D.J.S.
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Bingham, A.
Heinz, S.
Harris, A.
Wick, G.
Emery, B.
Stuart-Menteth, A.
Minnett, P.
Evans, B.
Llewellyn-Jones, D.
Mutlow, C.
Reynolds, R.
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Rayner, N.
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The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Pilot Project (GHRSST-PP).
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 88 (8).
pp. 1197-1213.
ISSN 1520-0477
doi:
10.1175/BAMS-88-8-1197
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Horrocks, L.A.
Eyre, J.R.
and
O'Carroll, A.G.
(2006)
Retrievals of sea surface temperature from infrared imagery: origin and form of systematic errors.
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132.
pp. 1205-1223.
ISSN 1477-870X
doi:
10.1256/qj.05.143
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Le Borgne, P.
and
Bellec, B.
(2006)
Saharan dust in night-time thermal imagery: detection and reduction of related biases in retrieved sea surface temperature.
Remote Sensing of Environment, 104.
pp. 15-30.
ISSN 0034-4257
Corlett, G.K.
Barton, I.J.
Donlon, C.J.
Edwards, M.C.
Good, S.A.
Horrocks, L.A.
Llewellyn-Jones, D.T.
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Minnett, P.J.
Nightingale, T.J.
Noyes, E.J.
O'Carroll, A.G.
Remedios, J.J.
Robinson, I.S.
Saunders, R.W.
and
Watts, J.G.
(2006)
The accuracy of SST retrievals from AATSR: An initial assessment through geophysical validation against in situ radiometers, buoys and other SST data sets.
Advances in Space Research, 37 (4).
pp. 764-769.
ISSN 0273-1177
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Harris, A.R.
Maturi, E.
and
MacCallum, S.
(2005)
Probabilistic physically-based cloud screening of satellite infra-red imagery for operational sea surface temperature retrieval.
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 131 (611).
pp. 2735-2755.
ISSN 1477-870X
doi:
10.1256/qj.05.15
Nowicki, S. M. J.
and
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
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Observations of diurnal and spatial variability of radiative forcing by equatorial deep convective clouds.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 109.
D11202.
ISSN 0148-0227
doi:
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Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
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Le Borgne, P.
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Retrieval of sea surface temperature from space based on modeling of infrared radiative transfer: capabilities and limitations.
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 21 (11).
pp. 1734-1746.
ISSN 1520-0426
doi:
10.1175/JTECH1667.1
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
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Harris, A. R.
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A cross-calibration of GMS-5 thermal channels against ATSR-2.
Remote Sensing of Environment, 84 (2).
pp. 268-282.
ISSN 0034-4257
doi:
10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00112-8
Murray, M.J.
Allan, M.R.
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Harris, A.R.
and
Donlon, C.J.
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Direct observations of Skin-Bulk SST variability.
Geophysical Research Letters, 27 (8).
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ISSN 0094-8276
doi:
10.1029/1999GL011133
Saunders, M.A.
Chandler, R.E.
Merchant, C.J.
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Atlantic hurricanes and NW Pacific typhoons: ENSO spatial impacts on occurrence and landfall.
Geophysical Research Letters, 27 (8).
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ISSN 0094-8276
doi:
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Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
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Harris, A.R.
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Toward the elimination of bias in satellite retrievals of skin sea surface temperature. 2: Comparison with in situ measurements.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (C10).
ISSN 0148-0227
doi:
10.1029/1999JC900106
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Harris, A.R.
Murray, M.J.
and
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Toward the elimination of bias in satellite retrievals of skin sea surface temperature 1. Theory, modeling and inter-algorithm comparison.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (C10).
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ISSN 0148-0227
doi:
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Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Saunders, M.A.
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Infrared satellite retrievals in the presence of stratospheric aerosol.
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 15 (3).
ISSN 1520-0426
doi:
10.1175/1520-0426(1998)015<0835:ISRITP>2.0.CO;2
Murray, M.J.
Allen, M.R.,
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Harris, A.R.
(1998)
Potential for improved ATSR dual-view SST retrieval.
Geophysical Research Letters, 25 (17).
pp. 3363-3366.
ISSN 0094-8276
doi:
10.1029/98GL02389
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(1995)
Allocating extremely-low frequency magnetic-field exposure between sources.
Journal of Radiological Protection, 15 (3).
ISSN 1361-6498
doi:
10.1088/0952-4746/15/3/010
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(1995)
Correlation of residential magnetic fields, road type and traffic in the UK.
Journal of Radiological Protection, 15 (3).
ISSN 1361-6498
doi:
10.1088/0952-4746/15/3/009
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Renew, D.C.
and
Swanson, J.
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Exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the home.
Journal of Radiological Protection, 14 (1).
ISSN 1361-6498
doi:
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Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Renew, D.C.
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Occupational exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the electricity supply industry.
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Book or Report Section
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Harris, A. R.
(2025)
Global sea surface temperature.
In:
Liang, S.
Zheng, Q.
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Comprehensive Remote Sensing (Second Edition).
Elsevier, pp. 310-334.
ISBN 9780443132209
doi:
10.1016/B978-0-443-13220-9.00074-3
Kent, E. C.
Chan, D.
Cornes, R. C.
Neilsen-Englyst, P.
Kajtar, J. B.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Thorne, P. W.
Wallis, E. J.
and
Woolway, R. I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968
(2025)
Global surface temperatures.
In:
Letcher, T.
and
Fthenakis, V. M.
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Energy and Climate Change: Our New Future.
Academic Press, London, UK, pp. 85-120.
ISBN 9780443219276
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Gentemann, C.
Kennedy, J. J.
Kent, E. C.
Minnett, P. J.
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While, J.
(2023)
Sea surface temperature validation and blended analysis.
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Field Measurements for Passive Environmental Remote Sensing.
Elsevier, Oxford, pp. 337-350, 436 pages.
ISBN 9780128239537
doi:
10.1016/B978-0-12-823953-7.00019-8
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
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Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
(2014)
Simulation and inversion of satellite thermal measurements.
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Donlon, C. J.
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Experimental methods in the physical sciences, 47 (47).
Academic Press, pp. 489-526.
ISBN 9780124170117
doi:
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Sobrino, J.
Jiménez-Muñoz, J.
Brockmann, C.
Ruescas, A.
Danne, O.
North, P.
Heckel, A.
Davies, W.
Berger, M.
Merchant, C.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Mitraka, Z.
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Land surface temperature retrieval from Sentinel 2 and 3 Missions.
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ESA Communications.
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Merchant, C. J.
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Conference or Workshop Item
Woolliams, E. R.
Mittaz, J. P. D.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Hunt, S. E.
and
Harris, P. M.
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Applying metrological techniques to satellite fundamental climate data records.
In: 13th International Conference on New Developments and Applications in Optical Radiometry, 13–16 June 2017, Tokyo, Japan.
doi:
10.1088/1742-6596/972/1/012003
(Journal of Physics: Conference Series 972)
Macdonald, M.
Anderson, P.
Carrea, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767
Dobke, B.
Embury, O.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Bensi, P.
(2014)
Concepts for a geostationary-like polar missions.
In: Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XVIII, September 22, 2014, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
(Proc. SPIE 9241, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XVIII, 92411B)
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
Llewellyn-Jones, D.
Saunders, R.W.
Rayner, N.A.
and
Kent, E.C.
(2005)
Sea surface temperature for climate from the ATSRs.
In: Proc. MERIS-AATSR Workshop, September, 2005, Frascati, Italy.
(Unpublished)
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2004)
Bias and cloud screening issues in infrared sea surface temperature.
In: Proc. Fifth GODAE High Res. SST Pilot Project Workshop, July, 2004, Townsville, Australia.
Merchant, C. J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
(2003)
Sea surface temperature - a dynamic field: developments in research and operations.
In: Proceedings of the 2003 Meteorological Satellite Data User's Conference, September/October, 2003, Weimar, Germany.
Merchant, C.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850
and
Le Borgne, P.
(2001)
Designing OSI-SAF sea surface temperature retrievals to be robust to stratospheric aerosol.
In: Proceedings of the 2001 Meteorological Satellite Data User's Conference, October, 2001, Antalya, Turkey.
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