Papers by Jameel M Al-Khayri
Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Industrial and Food Crops, 2019
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this p... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The environmental, economic, and social development impact of desertification in Iraq: a review on desertification control measures and mitigation strategies
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, May 20, 2022
Effect of X-irradiation on date palm seed germination and seedling growth
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2012
Socioeconomic and traditional importance of date palm
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2012
Molecules, Jan 16, 2023
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Magnetic fields-induced Modification of DNA Content in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Apr 1, 2009
Plant stress caused by exposure to magnetic fields (MF) induces modifications at molecular level,... more Plant stress caused by exposure to magnetic fields (MF) induces modifications at molecular level, particularly in DNA synthesis, structure, and function. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various doses of non-ionizing radiation of magnetic field on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) based on DNA content. Date palm seedlings (cv. Khalas) established for 2 weeks on filter paper were subjected to static magnetic field and alternating magnetic field. Static magnetic fields (SMF) were applied at 10, 50 and 100 mT for 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 360 min; while alternating magnetic field applied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1500 mT for 1, 5, 10 and 15 min. The seedlings were grown in potting soil following exposure for 4 weeks after which DNA was extracted from leaves and its content was determined. Generally, the exposure to magnetic field caused reduction in the content of DNA. The lowest exposure time tested, 30 min, was sufficient to induce reduction in DNA content. This was true even at the lowest intensity, 10 mT. This dosage caused the DNA content to decrease from 49 μg to 45 μg. Further, increase of the exposure duration to 60 min caused significant reduction in the DNA content. 36 μg/g. At intensities higher than 10 mT, DNA content decreased significantly even at the shortest exposure of 30 min. At 50 and 100 mT, significant decrease in DNA content was also noticed in response to 30 min exposure; whereas the level of DNA increased after 1 min of MRI exposure to 52 μg/g, then decreased after 5 min to 46 μg/g. However, longer durations caused no further decrease in the DNA content. These observations indicate that magnetic fields interact with DNA processes, probably by inhibiting synthesis or stimulating degradation of DNA. This response merits further exploration as a mutational agent for date palm genetic manipulation.
Magnetic Field Increase Weight and Water Content in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2009
Magnetic field effects on different plant species have been subject of many studies in the last d... more Magnetic field effects on different plant species have been subject of many studies in the last decade. Magnetic fields are known to induce changes in plant metabolism, growth and productivity. In this study, effect of magnetic field on date palm weight and water content has been investigated. Seedlings of date palm were treated with two types of magnetic fields in two separate experiments. In the first experiment, seedlings were treated with static magnetic field SMF using electromagnetic circuit set to produce three levels of magnetic field intensities 10, 50 and 100 mT for different durations (0, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min). In the second experiment seedlings were treated with alternating magnetic field AMF, using magnetic resonance imaging providing 1500 mT for 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 min. After two months of exposure, plants growth parameters (fresh, dry weights and water content for both leaves and roots) were recorded. The measurements revealed that leaf fresh, dry weight and water content increased significantly in response to SMF treatment. Similarly, roots fresh weight and water content were increased significantly; however roots dry weight increasing were insignificant. In the second experiment, AMF has affected plant growth all parameters were increased significantly. Measurements reached the highest level at 15 min of exposure. This study revealed that magnetic fields affect date palm growth parameters by increasing osmotic pressure and water potential which increase water absorption and enhance fresh weight.
Journal of Biological Sciences, Mar 15, 2012
Microorganisms, 2023
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Influence of Culture Parameters on Phenolics, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity in Cell Culture Extracts of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Erwerbs-Obstbau, 2020
Natural compounds are a major source for pharmaceutical industries. Cell suspension culture provi... more Natural compounds are a major source for pharmaceutical industries. Cell suspension culture provides a reliable method to enhance the productivity of compounds exhibiting antioxidant properties. In the present study, cell cultures of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), a desert fruit species rich in nutrients and medicinal compounds, were grown in different culture parameters to determine the optimum conditions for culture growth and accumulation of active compounds. The tested parameters included MS strength of culture medium, sucrose concentration (1–8%), pH (4–6.5), inoculum density (1–20 g/l) carbohydrates (3%) and their combinations (sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose) and different media (MS, B5, N6 and NN). The response to these parameters was assessed in terms of packed cell volume (PCV), total phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity. The results showed the MS medium containing 3% sucrose at pH 5.8 enhanced the PCV production. Inoculum density of 5 g/l induced maximum flavonoid content in cell culture. The highest phenolic accumulation and antioxidant activity were observed in cell cultures grown in double-strength MS medium, 20 g/l inoculum density and 4% sucrose at pH 6. A positive correlation was detected between phenolic content and antioxidant activity. These findings can facilitate the scale-up production of pharmaceutically important compounds from date palm cell culture.
Hortscience, Sep 1, 1990
Success in the production of seasonal flowering plants requires adequate knowledge of plant growt... more Success in the production of seasonal flowering plants requires adequate knowledge of plant growth patterns and rates. In Easter lilies, pedicel growth is one the components of final plant height. Flower bud growth rates are important from the standpoint of timing of anthesis. To learn more about the localization of growth in Easter lily flower buds and pedicels, we conducted a time course experiment. Buds and pedicels were marked at 1.2 mm intervals using an inked bolt. Distances between ink marks were determined at 3 day intervals. Results indicate that 30 mm flower buds elongate almost exclusively from basal regions of the bud. The basal 1.2 mm segment elongated 16 mm in 20 days, while the apical 1.2 mm segment elongated 0.75 mm in the same period. Larger buds (initially 90 mm) gave similar results, although bud tip growth rate increased to some degree just prior to flowering. Pedicel elongation occurred almost exclusively at the apical end of the pedicel, adjacent to the region of greatest bud growth.
International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2012
This study determined the effect of X-irradiation on physiological and biochemical aspects in dat... more This study determined the effect of X-irradiation on physiological and biochemical aspects in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seedlings. Using a medical X-ray device, 15-days-old seedlings were exposed to various X-rays doses (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1250 & 1500 rad). After growing the irradiated seedlings in soil for 2 months, chemical analysis was conducted. The data indicated that DNA content was dose dependent showing a significant increase with 5 rad, the lowest radiation dose tested and reaching the highest level at 25 rad. Similarly, the highest ions content was observed at 25 rad. A dose of 5 rad caused a significant increased sodium, potassium and phosphorus ions but a minimum dose of 10 rad was necessary to significantly enhance the content of calcium and magnesium ions. Conversely, total photosynthetic pigments started to diminish at 5 rad and continued to decrease with dose increases reaching the lowest level at 1500 rad. Significant reductions of chlorophyll a and carotenoids content started at 5 rad, whereas reduction of chlorophyll b occurred at 10 rad. This suggests that chlorophyll a and carotenoids are more sensitive to X-irradiation than chlorophyll b.
Sustainability, Feb 10, 2023
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, 1995
Manipulation of agronomic traits at the cellular and molecular levels offers an efficient approac... more Manipulation of agronomic traits at the cellular and molecular levels offers an efficient approach to enhance conventional breeding efforts for rice improvement. Plant regeneration protocols, required for biotechnological applications, have not yet been developed for a number of important rice cultivars. This study was conducted to establish a system for plant regeneration of elite rice cultivars adapted to the southern U.S.A. Callus was induced from dehusked grains of cultivars Alan, Katy, and LaGrue, on MS media containing 0.5, 2, and 4 mg L 1 2,4-D, with 0.5 mg L 1 kinetin or without kinetin. Plant regeneration was accomplished by transferring the callus to a hormone-free medium. Callus proliferation was influenced by 2,4-D, kinetin, and genotype in two-way interactions. The effects of these factors on embryogenesis and rhizogenesis was expressed in a three-way interaction. Depending upon the genotype up to 50% plant regeneration was obtained. In most cases treatments consisting of 0.5 to 2 mg L 1 2,4-D plus 0.5 mg L 1 kinetin produced the best callus proliferations with the highest embryogenic capacity. Regenerants grew to maturity in soil and produced viable seeds. The establishment of this regeneration system is essential for the development of a genetic transformation system for the aforementioned commercial rice cultivars.
Agronomy
This study focuses on the assessment of the impact of climate change on the efficiency of ambient... more This study focuses on the assessment of the impact of climate change on the efficiency of ambient air aeration and the dynamics of Rhyzopertha dominica, which is a major pest that infests wheat stored in Tunisia. To project future climate conditions for the period 2041–2070, two climate models, namely MPI-ESM1.2 and CNRMCM5.1, were used under two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The study examined the historical and projected feasibility of aeration in six natural regions located in northwestern Tunisia, where wheat is the main crop, and investigated the potential consequences of climate change on the dynamics of R. dominica. Using a heat and mass transfer model in an unaerated wheat silo, the temperature and moisture distributions in the grain mass were used to predict the development, reproduction, and survival of R. dominica. The results revealed a decline in favorable aeration hours due to climate change, resulting in an average reduction of 25% across ...
Frontiers in Plant Science
Medicinal plants, an important source of herbal medicine, are gaining more demand with the growin... more Medicinal plants, an important source of herbal medicine, are gaining more demand with the growing human needs in recent times. However, these medicinal plants have been recognized as one of the possible sources of heavy metal toxicity in humans as these medicinal plants are exposed to cadmium-rich soil and water because of extensive industrial and agricultural operations. Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely hazardous metal that has a deleterious impact on plant development and productivity. These plants uptake Cd by symplastic, apoplastic, or via specialized transporters such as HMA, MTPs, NRAMP, ZIP, and ZRT-IRT-like proteins. Cd exerts its effect by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interfere with a range of metabolic and physiological pathways. Studies have shown that it has detrimental effects on various plant growth stages like germination, vegetative and reproductive stages by analyzing the anatomical, morphological and biochemical changes (changes in photosynthetic machin...
Plants
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most popular tropical fruits grown in Egypt and several... more Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most popular tropical fruits grown in Egypt and several other countries, making it a potential export commodity. Excessive deterioration after harvest requires various treatments to maintain fruit quality. We evaluated the treatments effects of melatonin (MT) as an anti-ethylene agent and tragacanth gum (TRG) as an edible coating individually and together (MT–TRG) before storing mangoes at 12 °C for 32 days under 85–90% relative humidity. Compared with control, all treatments were significantly effective in preserving fruit quality. Fruits treated with MT–TRG showed significantly lower decay values, respiration rates, ethylene production, and weight loss than untreated fruits. MT–TRG treatment significantly enhanced fruit quality, thereby maintaining fruit appearance, flesh color, firmness, total soluble solids and phenolic contents, and pectin methyl esterase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase activities during the storage period. We propo...
Micropropagation of Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) from Crown-Tip Explants and Assessment of Somaclonal Variation of in Vitro-Propagated Plants Using SCoT Markers
Phyton
Frontiers in Plant Science