Papers by jean-christophe giger
Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Cognitive-Behavioral Avoidance Scale (CBAS-PT)
Revue européenne de psychologie appliquée, Feb 1, 2024
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Apr 13, 2022
Emotional availability (EA) in parent-child interactions is associated with positive child outcom... more Emotional availability (EA) in parent-child interactions is associated with positive child outcomes, including attachment security. However, little is known about EA in adoptive families. This study investigated the associations between secure representations of attachment in adopted children and the adoptive parents' EA. The participants (n = 75) included 26 mothers, 23 fathers, and 26 children who were aged 3 to 9 years. Children completed the Attachment Story Completion Task. Adult-child dyadic relationships were assessed using the EA ® System. The results showed that the children's and parents' EA, age when adopted, and time elapsed since adoption were associated with more secure children's attachment representations. Implications for family support and public policy are discussed.
Frontiers in Psychology, Mar 30, 2016
The current research considered the question of how performing an action, or merely preparing the... more The current research considered the question of how performing an action, or merely preparing the body for action, can have an impact on social judgments related to person perception. Participants were asked to ascribe competence and warmth characteristics to a target person by reading a metaphoric text while their body was manipulated to be prepared for the processing of action-congruent information. In Experiment 1, participants whose forward body action matched the metaphoric action described in the text ascribed more competence characteristics to a politician than did control participants. In Experiment 2, participants whose body was merely prepared for forward movement also ascribed more competence characteristics to a politician than did control participants. In addition, the data from Experiment 2 ruled out an alternative non-embodied explanation (i.e., that effect is due to basic associative processes) grounded in the existing literatures on attitudes by demonstrating that body manipulation had no effect on competence when a non-metaphoric text was used. Finally, no evidence was found that body manipulation affects warmth judgments. These studies converge in demonstrating that forward body movements enhance the favorability of competence judgments when these match the metaphoric forward movements described by text.
Metric Evidences of the adaptation of the Social Dominance Scale in a portuguese sample This stud... more Metric Evidences of the adaptation of the Social Dominance Scale in a portuguese sample This study aims to present evidences of the validity of the social dominance orientation scale for Portuguese population. Participants were 910 Portuguese people. Most of them were women (58.7%), with ages ranging from 18 to 81 years (M=34.09; SD=11.57). Reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis (n=455) and confirmatory factor analysis (n=455) were carried out. Results supported a two-component model for the SDO scale, which displayed a better fit than the original one-factorial structure. The scale showed good psychometric properties. In conclusion, the SDO is a psychometrically adequate instrument, being better represented by a two-component model. Future studies should examine the criterion validity through the analysis of the relationship of social
Social representations of sharks, perceived communality, and attitudinal and behavioral tendencies towards their conservation: An exploratory sequential mixed approach
Marine Policy, 2021
Sharks are crucial to the marine ecosystem, but they are critically declining. Their bad public i... more Sharks are crucial to the marine ecosystem, but they are critically declining. Their bad public image explains, to some extent, the lesser concern for their conservation compared to other marine species. Extending previous research which has mainly focused on the study of attitudes towards sharks, we propose a two studies sequence, first by exploring the shark’s social representation, followed by an exploration of some stereotypical traits that may affect attitudes toward shark conservation. Study 1 specifically exploreed the social representation of sharks in a sample of zoo goers (N = 979). Main results showed that the representation was ambivalent and participants considered sharks as human predators. Surprisingly, findings showed that sharks were also seen as highly agentic and little communal animals. Consequently, Study 2 (N = 60) was designed to more thoroughly explore this gendered view as well as its implications in the attitudes and behavioral intention towards shark conse...
Since workforces are ageing throughout Europe, interest in the role of age in the workplace is in... more Since workforces are ageing throughout Europe, interest in the role of age in the workplace is increasing. Older workers with high work centrality are more likely to negotiate a relational contract and express higher levels of job satisfaction than older workers with low work centrality (Armstrong-Stassen and Schlosser, 2008). This study examines the role of work centrality and valued work outcomes as antecedents of job satisfaction. A cross sectional study using questionnaires was conducted. The sample consisted of 203 Spanish employees (Mage = 55.78, SD = 3.01). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses have revealed that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by needed income and work centrality. When work is not an important part of older workers’ lives, they will prefer extrinsic outcomes and will not invest in the relationship with their organization (Grant & Wade-Benzoni, 2009). Implications for research and theory are explored in the conclusion.
Adaptation of the Domestic Violence Myth Acceptance Scale to Portuguese and Tests of Its Convergent, Divergent, and Predictive Validities
Violence Against Women, 2017
The Domestic Violence Myth Acceptance Scale was adapted to Portuguese (PDVMAS). The PDVMAS displa... more The Domestic Violence Myth Acceptance Scale was adapted to Portuguese (PDVMAS). The PDVMAS displayed reasonable fit indices (Study 1); was positively correlated with right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, belief in a just world (Study 2), and ambivalent sexism (Study 3); and negatively correlated with empathetic tendencies (Study 4). PDVMAS significantly predicted victim blame and aggressor exoneration in scenarios of coercion (Study 5) and physical assault (Study 6). Victims and non-victims of domestic violence equally endorsed domestic violence myths. Globally, the PDVMAS is a reliable instrument, and domestic violence myths are pervasive and alter the perception of intimate partner violence.
J. Autom. Mob. Robotics Intell. Syst., 2015
This paper presents the Polish adaptation of the Negative Attitude toward Robots Scale (NARS-PL),... more This paper presents the Polish adaptation of the Negative Attitude toward Robots Scale (NARS-PL), primarily created by . 213 individuals participated in the study (49 professionals and 164 nonprofessionals). The Polish version obtained satisfactory psychometric properties for a two-factor structure. Both subscales, the Negative Attitudes toward Robots that Display Human Traits (NARHT) and the Negative Attitudes toward Interactions with Robots (NATIR) possess good internal consistency. Effects of participant gender and robot's appearance were found. Theory consistent relationships between attitude toward robots, belief in human nature uniqueness and robots' human-likeness are discussed.
revistamultidisciplinar.com, 2019
Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2019
Body hacking through self-implantation of electronic devices (e.g., insideables and prostheses) i... more Body hacking through self-implantation of electronic devices (e.g., insideables and prostheses) is an emerging risky behavior with potential negative health and safety consequences, despite the claimed potential benefits. Risks become higher in unconventional settings where self-implantations are performed without experts' risk assessment and preventive measures. To understand such behavior, it is important to identify what are the motivational factors that underlie intentions to practice bodyhacking. Given the scarce literature on the subject to date, this paper presents a theoretical framework of potential motivational drivers underlying the intention towards practicing body hacking in order to help setting up priorities for future research. The potential theoretical associations between intention to practice body hacking and existential, identity, ideological, cognitive, epistemic, social affiliation, and affective drivers are discussed.
Etats affectifs transitoires et consistance attitude-comportement
Le present travail porte sur l'interaction entre les cognitions, les emotions et les comporte... more Le present travail porte sur l'interaction entre les cognitions, les emotions et les comportements. Il a pour cadres empiriques et theoriques le modele MODE (Fazio, 1990) et le modele du reglage cognitif (Schwarz, 2002). L'objectif visait a determiner l'impact des humeurs, ainsi que de l'opportunite et de la motivation a deliberer, sur la consistance attitude-comportement. Globalement, les resultats montrent que, lorsque les participants doivent se comporter envers un objet d'attitude, les humeurs positives facilitent le recours a une prise de decision comportementale basee sur les caracteristiques de l'objet et les humeurs negatives, une prise de decision basee sur l'attitude envers l'objet. Ces resultats sont expliques a l'aide du modele du reglage cognitif amende de "l'hypothese du contexte cognitif complexe" d'Isen (1987). Concernant la motivation, les participants fortement motives a deliberer, conformement aux predictions du modele MODE, elaborent plus leur comportement sur la base des caracteristiques de l'objet que les participants faiblement motives, qui se reposent sur leur attitude. Enfin, les resultats montrent que l'opportunite peut avoir un effet different de celui basiquement predit par le modele MODE : les participants constraints a prendre rapidement leur decision se basent plus sur des caracteristiques de l'objet que les participants ayant tout le temps pour reflechir, qui se comportent plus en fonction de leur attitude. Ce resultat est interprete comme la manifestation d'un processus mixte (Fazio, 1990) ou un traitement systematique serait corrige par l'utilisation heuristique de l'attitude. En bref, les humeurs positives, une forte motivation et un manque d'opportunite pour deliberer favorisent l'inconsistance entre les attitudes et les comportements, et les humeurs negatives, une faible motivation et l'opportunite de deliberer, la consistance
On crocodiles and turtles. Stereotypes, emotional tendencies and implications for conservation
Human Dimensions of Wildlife, Nov 18, 2022
O efeito do tipo de mulher na categorização social inicial e na atribuição de características estereotípicas
Suma Psicológica, Apr 30, 2022
Introdução: Os estereótipos de género dizem respeito a crenças partilhadas sobre os atributos fís... more Introdução: Os estereótipos de género dizem respeito a crenças partilhadas sobre os atributos físicos, psicológicos e comportamentais de homens e mulheres. De acordo com a literatura, observa-se alguma variabilidade nos estereótipos para a categoria mulher, em função de serem associadas a uma de três subcategorias: mulher tradicional, mulher independente e mulher sexy. Este estudo pretendeu observar os estereótipos predominantes e diferenciadores de cada tipo de mulher e a formação de impressões numa amostra portuguesa. Método: Os participantes (N = 78), distribuídos em 6 condições de acordo com o design experimental 3 (tipo de mulher: tradicional, independente vs. sexy) x 2 (sexo do participante: homem vs. mulher), deveriam, com base numa descrição prévia, indicar a área profissional, aparência física e modo de vestir da mulher alvo e formar uma impressão em termos dos atributos calorosa e competente. Resultados: Os resultados indicam maiores avaliações de calor para a mulher tradicional, pouca variabilidade nas avaliações de competência e as respostas obtidas através da análise semântica conferem diferentes imagens para os três subgrupos de mulher. Conclusões:Os resultados confirmam parcialmente as hipóteses e são discutidos com base nas implicações para a literatura dos estereótipos de género.
Etats affectifs transitoires et consistance attitude-comportement
Le present travail porte sur l'interaction entre les cognitions, les emotions et les comporte... more Le present travail porte sur l'interaction entre les cognitions, les emotions et les comportements. Il a pour cadres empiriques et theoriques le modele MODE (Fazio, 1990) et le modele du reglage cognitif (Schwarz, 2002). L'objectif visait a determiner l'impact des humeurs, ainsi que de l'opportunite et de la motivation a deliberer, sur la consistance attitude-comportement. Globalement, les resultats montrent que, lorsque les participants doivent se comporter envers un objet d'attitude, les humeurs positives facilitent le recours a une prise de decision comportementale basee sur les caracteristiques de l'objet et les humeurs negatives, une prise de decision basee sur l'attitude envers l'objet. Ces resultats sont expliques a l'aide du modele du reglage cognitif amende de "l'hypothese du contexte cognitif complexe" d'Isen (1987). Concernant la motivation, les participants fortement motives a deliberer, conformement aux predictions d...
Livro de Resumos do IX Simpósio Nacional de Investigação em Psicologia
Sobre la violación y otros demonios: influencia del tamaño de ojos de la víctima y del género del observador en la atribución de responsabilidad
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019
5.80 ± 1.87 and 1.24 ± 0.41 ng/mL for intravenous and oral administration, respectively. Pharmaco... more 5.80 ± 1.87 and 1.24 ± 0.41 ng/mL for intravenous and oral administration, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters of quercetin 4'-O-glucoside in rats were AUCinf 511.38 ± 248.11 and 481.44 ± 65.72 min$ng/mL; Cmax 10.72 ± 2.70 and 2.83 ± 0.34 ng/mL for intravenous and oral administration, respectively. The absolute bioavailability of monotropein and quercetin 4'-O-glucoside for oral administration are evaluated and calculated as 3.0% and 4.7%, respectively. The absolute bioavailability of kaempferol 3-O-glucoside was not calculated because the elimination rate constant cannot be estimated. Conclusion: These Results may be applied to the basic data for the further study to develop functional foods or herbal medicinal products.
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019
Objective: Human sexuality is a biological, emotional and social function, which involves the act... more Objective: Human sexuality is a biological, emotional and social function, which involves the actions and the general experience of each individual either individually or in relation to others. With the knowledge of sexual fantasies, we can better understand of both genders and all the dependent variants of the different fulfilment and fortuity of desire. Methods: We investigated the sexual fantasies of a Portuguese population using Wilson's Sexual Fantasies Questionnaire (modified in 2010), already validated for the Portuguese population. The population sample was obtained using the "snowball" method, within the Facebook social network, and the responses were anonymously sent to a Google Drive folder (Google Forms). Comparative descriptive statistical (uni-, bi-, and multivariate) analysis for independent samples was performed. This latter factorial analysis was carried out in order to find latent factors that could explain the correlation between the original analysis dimensions. Results: 280 answers were obtained-148 male, 132 female, median age 36 years (18-70 years old). Male gender revealed a greater number of fantasies (and of greater action) than the female, and, within subgroups by sexual orientation, a greater variety of fantasies was found in the gay and bisexual groups, in relation to the heterosexual group. The factorial analysis could retain 4 factors that explained approximately 50% of the variance of the data set. In fact, we could find 4 clusters of fantasies-"diversity", "conventional", "sado-masochism" and "force / innocent"-similar to the clusters of fantasies already described in the international literature. More fantasies were described outside of the questionnaire. Conclusion: The male gender presented fantasies of greater individual action over the other, while the female gender revealed a greater volition to feel more passive ones. It seems important to reformulate Wilson's Sexual Fantasies Questionnaire considering the new capacity for expression of sexual fantasies and desires in the 21st century.
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019
Social Sciences
Zoos have changed dramatically over the last century and today attract millions of people worldwi... more Zoos have changed dramatically over the last century and today attract millions of people worldwide, being places where visitors can closely watch wildlife and learn about the species on display. Although present at most zoos, reptiles are challenging animals in terms of visitor interest and engagement, as some species do not fit aesthetic standards from the human standpoint, have culturally negative perceptions or generate aversive emotions. By studying zoo visitors’ social representations of crocodiles and turtles, we aimed to detail their structures, as well as identifying their prototypical elements that help to understand their emotional and cognitive framing. The findings show the crocodile’s prototypical image as a big, fearsome predator with teeth as its main physical attribute. Male visitors showed a more emotional perception of this animal. The turtle’s prototypical image is a slow, hard-shelled ancestral sea animal with a neutral-to-positive set of traits, with no particu...