Key:start_date - OpenStreetMap Wiki
Key:start_date
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This key differs significantly between OpenStreetMap and
OpenHistoricalMap
. For definitions and usage instructions in OpenHistoricalMap, see
OpenHistoricalMap/Tags/Key/start_date
Help
Key:start date
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start_date
Description
Date when feature opened or the construction of the feature finished.
Group:
properties
Used on these
elements
Documented values:
Useful combination
end_date
=*
See also
opening_date
=*
construction_date
=*
year_of_construction
=*
historic:civilization
=*
historic:period
=*
historic:era
=*
Status:
de facto
start_date
More details at tag
info
Tools for this tag
taginfo
AD
AT
BE
BR
BY
CH
CN
CZ
DE
DK
FI
FR
GB
GR
HU
IE (N+S)
IN
IR
IT
LI
LU
JP
KP
KR
NL
NO
PL
PT
RU
ES
AR
MX
CO
BO
CL
EC
PY
PE
UY
VE
TW
UA
US
VN
overpass-turbo
QLever
Postpass via overpass-turbo
OSM Tag History
start_date
=*
can be used to indicate the date the feature opened or construction of the feature finished (i.e. started to exist as feature).
A feature should only have a
start_date
=*
after it really started (i.e. do not add
predicted dates
). For a feature not already started consider to use
opening_date
=*
Contents
Formatting
1.1
Exact dates
1.2
Approximations
1.3
Marking a civilization, period and era
natural_monument
Appendix
End date and alternatives
Possible Tagging Mistakes
See also
External links
7.1
Maps showing start_date
7.2
Modules for working with start_date values
Formatting
Exact dates
Dates use the
ISO 8601-01
system, which is based on the
Gregorian calendar
. Be aware that for exact dates there are differences of up to 11 days between the Gregorian and Julian calendars and that different countries switched to the Gregorian calendar over a 400 year period.
Examples:
start_date
2010
; where the year is known, but no more
start_date
0897
(for 897 CE)
start_date
1848-07
; where the year and month are known
start_date
2010-03-31
; for where the full date is known, using the format yyyy-mm-dd
Caution:
ISO8601 uses the format yyyy-mm-dd, not the model of mm-dd-yyyy or dd-mm-yyyy
Approximations
This article or section contains
questionable, contentious
or
controversial information
. See the
talk page
for more information.
Often a date will not be known exactly. In which case some of the following can be used:
start_date
~1855
(some time around 1855)
start_date
1860s
(during the 1860s (i.e 1860 → 1869 inclusive))
start_date
~1940s
(probably during the 1940s)
start_date
480 BC
(for something that happened in that year)
start_date
before 1855
(during 1854 or before)
start_date
before 1910-01-20
(before a specific date - possibly when a photo was taken)
start_date
after 1823
(after 1 January 1823 - possibly based on the year in which a map was produced)
start_date
C18
(during the 18th century)
start_date
mid C14
(some time during the middle of the 14th century)
start_date
late 1920s
start_date
~C13
(probably in the 13th century)
start_date
1914..1918
indicates some time during WW1.
start_date
2008-08-08..2008-08-24
indicates some time during the Beijing Olympics.
start_date
mid C17..late C17
start_date
j:1918-01-31
(a date using the Julian calendar, equivalent to 1918-02-13 in the Gregorian calendar)
start_date
jd:2455511
(Using the
Julian day
system, equivalent to 2010-11-10 in the Gregorian calendar)
Muslim calendar?
Notes
'1800s' means the years 1800-1809, not 1800-1899. Prefixes of 'early ', 'mid ', 'late ', 'before ' or 'after ' to indicate those things.
Avoid seasons. For example 'summer 1998' as these vary between the hemispheres. Consider using '1998-05..1998-08' for summer in the northern hemisphere.
BCE can be used in place of BC. AD is assumed where BC is not used but optionally be included.
Avoid multiple entries, for example 2010-08-01;2010-08-19 without providing at least an explanation in a note.
Marking a civilization, period and era
You can also add information by setting the following keys (no need to restrict them to features with a
historic
=*
):
historic:civilization
=*
please see the documentation which values are suggested
historic:period
=*
please see the documentation which values are suggested
historic:era
=*
please see the documentation which values are suggested
natural_monument
The
start_date
tag can also be applied to features tagged as
denotation=natural_monument
. In this context,
start_date
does not indicate the creation of a man-made object, but rather the
age of the natural feature itself
. For example, when applied to a
natural=tree
designated as a natural monument,
start_date
typically records the
year the tree started growing
or its approximate age.
The value should be given in a standard date format (commonly YYYY) to reflect when the natural monument came into existence.
Appendix
Some values drawn from a review of
Taginfo: start_date
, on 2010-11-10 show severe heterogeneity.
End date and alternatives
end_date
=*
is sometimes used to mark end of existence/validity of features. Without additional precautions the use of end_date is considered a
trolltag
and the use of it is likely to break existing routing and rendering software if used without
namespace
prefixes on main tags. For alternatives see
Comparison of life cycle concepts
Open Historical Map
uses end_date extensively.
Possible Tagging Mistakes
start_date
2014年12月14日
$1%
$1%
$1%
$1%
More details at tag
info
start_date=2014年12月14日
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
start_date
2015年12月26日
$1%
$1%
$1%
$1%
More details at tag
info
start_date=2015年12月26日
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
start_date
2014年12月10日
$1%
$1%
$1%
$1%
More details at tag
info
start_date=2014年12月10日
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
start_date
2013年9月26日
$1%
$1%
$1%
$1%
More details at tag
info
start_date=2013年9月26日
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
start_date
2014年9月16日
$1%
$1%
$1%
$1%
More details at tag
info
start_date=2014年9月16日
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
building:age
More details at tag
info
building:age
=*
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
building:year
More details at tag
info
building:year=*
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
established
More details at tag
info
established=*
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
year
More details at tag
info
year=*
If you know
places with this tag
, verify if it could be tagged with another tag.
Automated edits are
strongly discouraged
unless
you really know what you are doing
See also
construction_date
=*
- date of then construction has been finished
opening_date
=*
- date of an approximated opening in the future
end_date
=*
- date of when a feature is planned to go out of use, or when it went out of service.
year_of_construction
=*
- date or date range, during which the object was in construction.
old_start_date
=*
- date when the feature opened originally, not in the current position or form
taginfo '_date' search
Comparison of life cycle concepts
OSM-4D
for ideas about a viewer showing features in 3D extended over time.
External links
Maps showing start_date
OpenStreetBrowser showing buildings with start_date
Modules for working with start_date values
JavaScript module for
parsing values
JavaScript module for
formatting as human readable string
JavaScript module for
generating regular expressions queries
(e.g. for
Overpass API
Retrieved from "
Categories
Key descriptions for group "properties"
Key descriptions
Key descriptions with status "de facto"
Properties
Questioned content
Tagging Mistakes
Time data standards
Hidden categories:
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