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Arbeiderpartiet
Centre-left Norwegian political party
Labour Party
Arbeiderpartiet
Arbeidarpartiet
Abbreviation
Ap
Leader
Jonas Gahr Støre
Parliamentary leader
Tonje Brenna
Founded
22 August 1887
; 138 years ago
1887-08-22
Headquarters
Youngstorget 2 A, 5th floor,
Oslo
Youth wing
Workers' Youth League
Membership
(2024)
43,952
Ideology
Social democracy
Pro-Europeanism
Political position
Centre-left
European affiliation
Party of European Socialists
International affiliation
Progressive Alliance
Socialist International
(1951–2016)
Nordic affiliation
SAMAK
The Social Democratic Group
Colours
Red
Slogan
Trygghet for fremtiden
citation needed
('Safety for the future')
Storting
53 / 169
County councils
277 / 777
Municipal councils
2,023 / 10,620
Sámi Parliament
4 / 39
Website
arbeiderpartiet
.no
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The
Labour Party
Bokmål
Arbeiderpartiet
Nynorsk
Arbeidarpartiet
or
Ap
Northern Sami
Bargiidbellodat
), formerly
The Norwegian Labour Party
Norwegian
Det norske Arbeiderparti
DNA
), is a
social democratic
political party in Norway
. It is positioned on the
centre-left
of the
political spectrum
and is led by
Jonas Gahr Støre
, the current
Prime Minister of Norway
The Labour Party is officially committed to social-democratic ideals. Its slogan since the 1930s has been "everyone shall be included" (
alle skal med
needs update
and the party traditionally seeks a strong
welfare state
, funded through
taxes
and
duties
Since the 1980s, the party has included more of the principles of a
social market economy
in its policy, allowing for
privatisation
of state-owned assets and services and reducing income tax
progressivity
, following the wave of
economic liberalisation
during the 1980s. During the first Stoltenberg government, the party's policies were inspired by
Tony Blair
's
New Labour
agenda in the
United Kingdom
and saw the most widespread privatisation by any government in Norway to that date.
The party has frequently been described as increasingly
neoliberal
since the 1980s, both by political scientists and opponents on the
political left
The Labour Party profiles itself as a
progressive
party that subscribes to co-operation on a national as well as international level.
Its youth wing is the
Workers' Youth League
. The party is a member of the
Party of European Socialists
and the
Progressive Alliance
. It was formerly a member of the
Comintern
(1919–1923), the
International Revolutionary Marxist Centre
(1932–1935), the
Labour and Socialist International
(1938–1940), and the
Socialist International
(1951–2016). The Labour Party has always been a strong supporter of Norwegian
NATO
membership and has supported Norway joining the
European Union
during two referendums.
During the
Cold War
, when the party was in government most of the time, the party closely aligned Norway with the
United States
at the international level and followed an
anti-communist
policy at the domestic level in the aftermath of the 1948
Kråkerøy speech
and culminating in Norway becoming a founding member of NATO in 1949.
10
Founded in 1887, the party steadily increased in support until it became the largest party in Norway at the
1927 parliamentary election
, a position it has held ever since. That year also saw the consolidation of conflicts surrounding the party during the 1920s following its membership in the Comintern. It first formed a government in 1928 and has led the government for all but sixteen years since 1935. From
1945
to
1961
, the party had an
absolute majority
in the Norwegian Parliament, to date the last time this has happened in the history of Norway. The electoral domination by the Labour Party during the 1960s and early 1970s was initially broken by competition from smaller left-wing parties, primarily from the
Socialist People's Party
. From the late 1970s, the party started to lose voters due to a rise in
right-wing
parties, leading to a swing to the right for the Labour Party under
Gro Harlem Brundtland
during the 1980s. In
2001
, the party achieved its worst result since
1924
. Between
2005
and
2013
, Labour returned to power after committing to a coalition agreement with other parties in order to form a
majority government
Labour entered opposition again after losing nine seats in 2013. The party lost a further six seats in
2017
, yielding the second-lowest number of seats since 1924. Since the
2021
and
2025
elections, Labour has headed a minority government.
History
edit
Founding and early years
edit
The party headquarters in
Oslo
The party was founded in 1887
11
12
in Arendal and first ran in elections to the
Storting
in 1894. It entered the parliament in
1903
and steadily increased its vote until
1927
, when it became the largest party in Norway. The party were members of
Communist International
(Comintern), a
communist
organisation, between 1918 and 1923.
13
From the establishment of
Vort Arbeide
in 1884, the party had a growing and notable organisation of newspapers and other press outlets. The party press system eventually resulted in
Norsk Arbeiderpresse
Norwegian Labour Press
). In January 1913, the party had 24 newspapers and six more newspapers were founded in 1913. The party also had the periodical
Det 20de Aarhundre
14
In 1920, the party had 33 newspapers and 6 semi-affiliated newspapers.
15
The party had its own publishing house,
Det norske Arbeiderpartis forlag
, succeeded by
Tiden Norsk Forlag
. In addition to books and pamphlets, Det norske Arbeiderpartis forlag published
Maidagen
(annual
May Day
publication),
Arbeidets Jul
(annual Christmas publication) and
Arbeiderkalenderen
(calendar).
16
The party also published a monthly political magazine,
Kontakt
, between 1947 and 1954 which was edited by
Torolf Elster
17
From its roots as a radical alternative to the political establishment, the party grew to its current dominance through several eras. The party experienced a split in 1921 caused by a decision made two years earlier to join the Comintern and the
Social Democratic Labour Party of Norway
was formed. In 1923, the party left the Comintern while a significant minority of its members left the party to form the
Communist Party of Norway
. In 1927, the Social Democrats were reunited with Labour. Some Communists also joined Labour whereas other Communists tried a failed merger endeavor which culminated in the formation of the
Arbeiderklassens Samlingsparti
. The same year,
Helga Karlsen
became the party's first female Member of Parliament.
18
In 1928,
Christopher Hornsrud
formed Labour's first government, but it lasted only two weeks. During the early 1930s, Labour abandoned its revolutionary profile and set a reformist course. Labour then returned to government in 1935 and remained in power throughout the
Second World War
. The party was a member of the
Labour and Socialist International
between 1938 and 1940.
19
When Norway was invaded by
Nazi Germany
in 1940, the Labour-led government and the Norwegian royal family fled to London, whence it led a government-in-exile for the duration of the war.
Post-war period
edit
Immediately following the end of the
Second World War
, the Labour Party emerged victorious from the
1945 Norwegian parliamentary election
. For the first time, the party secured an absolute majority in the
Storting
, taking 76 of 150 seats.
Einar Gerhardsen
of the Labour Party subsequently formed his first government, and he went on to dominate the post-war political scene over the following years. Gerhardsen is commonly referred to as
Landsfaderen
Father of the Nation
) and is generally considered one of the principal architects behind the reconstruction of Norway after the Second World War. The period from 1945 has been described as the golden age of the Norwegian Labour Party, and the party retained its parliamentary majority until the
1961 election
. In 1963, the
Kings Bay Affair
drove the opposition to table a
motion of no-confidence
against the Gerhardsen's cabinet; the motion was ultimately successful, and Labour was forced to step down from government for the first time in 28 years. However, the incoming centre-right coalition proved short-lived, and Labour returned to government less than one month later, and remained in office until 1965.
The Labour Party later formed government in the periods of 1971–1972, 1973–1981, 1986–1989, and 1990–1997. Labour prime ministers in this period included party veterans
Oscar Torp
Trygve Bratteli
, and
Gro Harlem Brundtland
, and the party remained the largest in Norway throughout the remainder of the 20th century.
21st century
edit
Campaign booth at
Karl Johans gate
ahead of the
2007 Norwegian local elections
In the year 2000, the centre-right coalition led by
Kjell Magne Bondevik
of the
Christian Democrats
was toppled in a confidence vote, and the Labour Party returned to power under
Jens Stoltenberg
, who became prime minister. However, after a period of intense infighting between Stoltenberg and former prime minister
Thorbjørn Jagland
, and a turbulent spell in government, the party collapsed to only 24.3% of the vote in the
2001 Norwegian parliamentary election
, marking its worst result since 1924. The party returned to the opposition under Stoltenberg's leadership, before later recovering to 32.7% in the
2005 Norwegian parliamentary election
. The Labour Party subsequently formed its first ever peace-time coalition government along with the
Socialist Left
and
Centre
parties. Their cooperation was dubbed the
Red-green coalition
, in emulation of similar constellations in Germany.
In 2011, the party changed its official name from the Norwegian Labour Party (
Det norske arbeiderparti
) to the Labour Party (
Arbeiderpartiet
). The party claimed there had been confusion among voters at polling stations because of the difference between the official name and the common use name of Labour Party. The name change caused
Arbeiderpartiet
to appear on the ballot, eliminating any potential confusion.
20
21
On 22 July 2011, terrorist
Anders Behring Breivik
opened fire
at the Labour Party's youth camp (ages 13–25), killing 69 people and killing eight more in Oslo with a bomb towards a government building (which was led by the Labour Party). Stoltenberg's initial response to the 22 July attack was well received by the Norwegian public. As he reaffirmed his government's commitment to the values of openness and tolerance in the face of adversity or intolerance his approval rating soared as high as 94%, only to decrease sharply after the
22 July Commission
report highlighted the laggard response time of police cost dozens of lives.
22
23
In the
2013 Norwegian parliamentary election
, the Red-green coalition lost its majority in the
Storting
, but the Labour Party remained the largest party in the Storting. Jens Stoltenberg, who had served as prime minister for 10 of the past 13 years, remained party leader until he stepped down in 2014 after being appointed
Secretary General of NATO
. Later,
Jonas Gahr Støre
, a prominent profile in the Stoltenberg government, was chosen as new party leader on 14 June 2014.
24
In the
2017 Norwegian parliamentary election
, he led the party to a surprise defeat, as Labour fell 3.4 percentage points to 27.4%, and from 55 to 49 seats in the
Storting
, while the
Conservative Party
managed to retain a majority along with its smaller centre-right partners.
Erna Solberg
, Conservative prime minister since 2013, remained in office throughout the 2017–2021 term. In the same year, the Labour Party was targeted by hackers suspected to be from Russia.
25
In 2021, the Labour Party returned to government after eight years in opposition, following the
2021 parliamentary election
. The party dropped to 48 seats from the 49 it had secured in 2017, but its centre-left coalition secured a landslide victory overall, taking 100 of the 169 seats in the
Storting
. The
energy crisis
was the most important issue for voters.
26
Party leader
Jonas Gahr Støre
assumed the Norwegian premiership on 14 October 2021, at the helm of a minority coalition with the
Centre Party
. Soon after assuming power, the new coalition was faced with a series of crises, including the
Russian invasion of Ukraine
and subsequent energy price hikes. The government was criticized for its handling of these crises, and by August 2022, Støre had dropped to 31% in preferred prime minister polling, against 49% for
Erna Solberg
, the
Conservative
prime minister in the 2013—2021 period.
27
Meanwhile, the Labour Party hit record-low ratings in voting intention polls in late 2022, with a number of polls placing it below the 20%-mark in September 2022.
28
After the
Centre Party
withdrew from the cabinet, former Prime Minister
Jens Stoltenberg
returned as
Finance Minister
, a move credited with giving the Labour Party a significant boost in the polls.
29
In the
2025 parliamentary election
, Labour secured 28.0% of the vote and won 53 seats (an increase of five from their 2021 total), enabling the party to continue governing as a minority.
30
The Labour Party broadly supports LGBT+ rights and has promoted important reforms. The Labour Party's youth wing,
AUF
, as well as the party's LGBT+ network, were among the signatories of a 2025 call for an inclusive feminism.
31
Organisation
edit
The Labour Party organisation is divided into county- and municipality-level chapters, numbering approximately 2,500 associations in total.
32
Historically, the party has maintained a close association with the
Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions
(LO), and until the mid-1990s, a dual-membership agreement existed between the two organizations, with LO members automatically holding (indirect) membership in the Labour Party as well. The party had about 200,500 members at its peak in 1950.
33
No records were kept about direct membership or indirect membership figures.
34
The dual-membership clause was scrapped in 1995, and that year its membership level fell to just over 72,500 from 128,000 in 1990.
35
In 1997, that figure dropped to 64,000 in 1997.
36
In 2021, the party comprised 45,553 members according to its own official website.
35
Since 2005, the party has maintained a policy requiring full gender parity at every level of organisation above ordinary membership.
37
The supreme body of the party is the Party Congress which is held every two years. The most senior body between these congresses is the National Delegate's Meeting which is made up of the party's executive board and two delegates from each of the 19 counties.
32
The executive board itself consists of 16 elected members as well as the leadership of the party.
32
The party is headed by a single leader, while the number of deputy leaders has fluctuated between one and two in different periods. As of 2022, the party leadership is made up of leader
Jonas Gahr Støre
, who has held the position since 2014, and deputy leader
Bjørnar Selnes Skjæran
, who was first elected to the position in 2021.
The party's youth organisation is the
Workers' Youth League
, and it maintains a women's wing known as the Labour Party Women's Network.
37
The party participates in elections to the
Sami Parliament of Norway
, and work related to this has its own organisational structure with seven local groups, a bi-yearly congress, a national council and the Labour group in the Sami parliament.
38
Prominent party members
edit
Party leaders
edit
Jonas Gahr Støre
, party leader since 2014 and prime minister since 2021.
Anders Andersen
(1887–1888)
Hans G. Jensen
(1888–1889)
Christian Holtermann Knudsen
(1889–1890)
Carl Jeppesen
(1890–1892)
Ole Georg Gjøsteen
(1892–1893)
Gustav A. Olsen-Berg
(1893–1894)
Carl Jeppesen
(1894–1897)
Ludvig Meyer
(1897–1900)
Christian Holtermann Knudsen
(1900–1903)
Christopher Hornsrud
(1903–1906)
Oscar Nissen
(1906–1911)
Christian Holtermann Knudsen
(1911–1918)
Kyrre Grepp
(1918–1922)
Emil Stang
(1922–1923)
Oscar Torp
(1923–1945)
Einar Gerhardsen
(1945–1965)
Trygve Bratteli
(1965–1975)
Reiulf Steen
(1975–1981)
Gro Harlem Brundtland
(1981–1992)
Thorbjørn Jagland
(1992–2002)
Jens Stoltenberg
(2002–2014)
Jonas Gahr Støre
(2014–present)
Labour Party prime ministers
edit
Christopher Hornsrud
(January–February 1928)
Johan Nygaardsvold
(1935–1945)
Einar Gerhardsen
(1945–1951, 1955–1963, 1963–1965)
Oscar Torp
(1951–1955)
Trygve Bratteli
(1971–1972, 1973–1976)
Odvar Nordli
(1976–1981)
Gro Harlem Brundtland
(February–October 1981, 1986–1989, 1990–1996)
Thorbjørn Jagland
(1996–1997)
Jens Stoltenberg
(2000–2001, 2005–2013)
Jonas Gahr Støre
(2021–present)
Party Congresses
edit
This list is complete and up to date as of
April 2024
1. landsmøte 1887
Arendal
39
2. landsmøte 1888
Kristiania
3. landsmøte 1889
Kristiania
4. landsmøte 1890
Kristiania
5. landsmøte 1891
Kristiania
6. landsmøte 1892
Kristiania
7. landsmøte 1893
Kristiania
8. landsmøte 1894
Bergen
9. landsmøte 1895
Skien
10. landsmøte 1896
Kristiania
11. landsmøte 1897
Kristiania
12. landsmøte 1898
Fredrikstad
13. landsmøte 1899
Kristiania
14. landsmøte 1900
Kristiania
15. landsmøte 1901
Kristiania
16. landsmøte 1902
Trondheim
17. landsmøte 1903
Kristiania
18. landsmøte 1904
Drammen
19. landsmøte 1906
Kristiania
20. landsmøte 1909
Hamar
40
1. ekstraordinære landsmøte 1911 13–16 April
Kristiania
21. landsmøte 1912 4—9 April
Stavanger
22. landsmøte 1915 22-26 may
Trondhjem
23. landsmøte 1918 29 mars—1 April
Oslo
2. ekstraordinære landsmøte 1919 7—10 juni
Oslo
24. landsmøte 1920 22—25 may
Oslo
25. landsmøte 1921 25—28 March 1921
Oslo
26. landsmøte 1923 24—28 February
Oslo
3 ekstraordinære landsmøte 1923 2—4 November
Oslo
27. landsmøte 1925 4—6 September
Oslo
4. ekstraordinære landsmøte 1927 28—29 January
Oslo
Samlingskongressen. 30—31 January 1927
Oslo
28. landsmøte 1930 14—16 march
Oslo
29. landsmøte 1933 26—28 may
Oslo
30. landsmøte 1936 2-4 may
Oslo
31. landsmøte 1939 3-5 November
Oslo
32. landsmøte 1945 31-2 September
Oslo
33. landsmøte 1949 17-20 February
Oslo
34. landsmøte 1953 22-25 march
Oslo
35. landsmøte 1955 19-21 march
Oslo
36. landsmøte 1957 30, 31 may and 1 June
Oslo
37. landsmøte 1959 7-9 may
Oslo
38. landsmøte 1961 9-11 April
Oslo
39. landsmøte 1963 23-25 may
Oslo
40. landsmøte 1965 27-29 may
Oslo
41. landsmøte 1967 21-23 may
Oslo
42. landsmøte 1969 11-14 may
Oslo
43. landsmøte 1971 9-11 may
Oslo
5. ekstraordinær landsmøte 1972 21-22 April
Oslo
44. landsmøte 1973 27-30 may
Oslo
45. landsmøte 1975 20-23 may
Oslo
46. landsmøte 1977 8-11 may
Oslo
47. landsmøte 1979 6-9 may
Oslo
48. landsmøte 1981 2-5 April
Hamar
49. landsmøte 1983 22-24 April
Oslo
50. landsmøte 1985 21-24 march
Oslo
51. landsmøte 1987 26-29 march
Oslo
52. landsmøte 1989 2-5 march
SAS Scandinavian Hotell
53. landsmøte 1990 9-11 November
Folkets Hus
54. landsmøte 1992 5-8 November
Folkets Hus
6. ekstraordinære landsmøte 1994 18-18 June
Folkets Hus
55. landsmøte 1995 10-12 februar
Folkets Hus
56. landsmøte 1996 7-11 November
Folkets Hus
57. landsmøte 1998 20-22 November
Folkets Hus
58. landsmøte 2000 9-12 November
Folkets Hus
59. landsmøte 2002 8-10 November
Folkets Hus
60. landsmøte 2005 7-10 April
Folkets Hus
61. landsmøte 2007 19-22 April
Folkets Hus
62. landsmøte 2009 18-21 April
Folkets Hus
63. landsmøte 2011 7-10 April
Folkets Hus
64. landsmøte 2013 18-21 April
Folkets Hus
7. ekstraordinære landsmøte 2014 14 June
Folkets Hus
65. landsmøte 2015 16-19 April
Folkets Hus
66. landsmøte 2017 20-23 April
Folkets Hus
67. landsmøte 2019 4-7 April
Folkets Hus
68. landsmøte 2021 15-17 April
The Hub and Microsoft Teams.
69 landsmøte 2023 4-6 may
Folkets Hus
Election results
edit
Storting
edit
Election
Leader
Votes
Seats
+/–
Position
Status
1894
Carl Jeppesen
520
0.3
0 / 114
New
4th
No seats
1897
Ludvig Meyer
947
0.6
0 / 114
4th
No seats
1900
Christian Knudsen
7,013
3.0
0 / 114
4th
No seats
1903
Christopher Hornsrud
22,948
9.7
5 / 117
5th
Opposition
1906
Oscar Nissen
43,134
15.9
10 / 123
3rd
Opposition
1909
91,268
21.5
11 / 123
4th
Opposition
1912
Christian Knudsen
128,455
26.2
23 / 123
12
2nd
Opposition
1915
198,111
32.0
19 / 123
3rd
Opposition
1918
Kyrre Grepp
209,560
31.6
18 / 123
3rd
Opposition
1921
192,616
21.3
29 / 150
11
3rd
Opposition
1924
Oscar Torp
179,567
18.4
24 / 150
3rd
Opposition
1927
368,106
36.8
59 / 150
35
1st
Opposition
(1927–1928)
Minority
(1928)
Opposition
(1928–1930)
1930
374,854
31.4
47 / 150
12
1st
Opposition
1933
500,526
40.1
69 / 150
22
1st
Opposition
(1933–1935)
Minority
(1935–1936)
1936
618,616
42.5
70 / 150
1st
Majority
1945
Einar Gerhardsen
609,348
41.0
76 / 150
1st
Coalition
(1945)
Majority
(1945–1949)
1949
803,471
45.7
85 / 150
1st
Majority
1953
830,448
46.7
77 / 150
1st
Majority
1957
865,675
48.3
78 / 150
1st
Majority
1961
860,526
46.8
74 / 150
1st
Minority
(1961–1963)
Opposition
(1963)
Minority
(1963–1965)
1965
883,320
43.1
68 / 150
1st
Opposition
1969
Trygve Bratteli
1,004,348
46.5
74 / 150
1st
Opposition
(1969–1971)
Minority
(1971–1972)
Opposition
(1972–1973)
1973
759,499
35.3
62 / 155
12
1st
Minority
1977
Reiulf Steen
972,434
42.3
76 / 155
14
1st
Minority
1981
Gro Harlem Brundtland
914,749
37.1
65 / 155
11
1st
Opposition
1985
1,061,712
40.8
71 / 157
1st
Opposition
(1985–1986)
Minority
(1986–1989)
1989
907,393
34.3
63 / 165
1st
Opposition
(1989–1990)
Minority
(1990–1993)
1993
Thorbjørn Jagland
908,724
36.9
67 / 165
1st
Minority
1997
904,362
35.0
65 / 165
1st
Opposition
(1997–2000)
Minority
(2000–2001)
2001
612,632
24.3
43 / 165
22
1st
Opposition
2005
Jens Stoltenberg
862,456
32.7
61 / 169
18
1st
Coalition
2009
949,060
35.4
64 / 169
1st
Coalition
2013
874,769
30.8
55 / 169
1st
Opposition
2017
Jonas Gahr Støre
801,073
27.4
49 / 169
1st
Opposition
2021
783,394
26.3
48 / 169
1st
Coalition
(2021–2025)
Minority
(2025)
2025
902,296
28.0
53 / 169
1st
Minority
Graphical summary
edit
Notes
edit
Norway portal
Socialism portal
During the
German occupation of Norway
from 1940 to 1945,
Johan Nygaardsvold
was in exile in London.
References
edit
"Medlemstall"
"Valg 2011: Landsoversikt per parti"
[Election 2011: Country overview per party] (in Norwegian).
Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development
. Archived from
the original
on 24 September 2011
. Retrieved
18 September
2011
"Arbeidarpartiet"
[Labour Party].
Valg 2011
(in Norwegian).
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
. Retrieved
18 September
2011
Richard Collin; Pamela L. Martin (2012).
An Introduction to World Politics: Conflict and Consensus on a Small Planet
. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 218.
ISBN
978-1-4422-1803-1
Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko; Matti Mälkiä (2007).
Encyclopedia of Digital Government
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Archived
18 April 2015 at the
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