Paul Leu

Paul Leu
Paul Leu
Dr. Paul W. Leu received his Ph.D. from Stanford University and worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley before joining the University of Pittsburgh as faculty in 2010, where he is currently a Professor of Industrial Engineering. He has been recipient of the Oak Ridge Associated University Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award, UPS Minority Advancement Award, and the NSF CAREER Award. He is also co-Director of the NSF Industry University Cooperative Research Center called MDS-Rely (mds-rely.org) with Case Western Reserve University. His research has been showcased in Industrial Engineering magazine, Pittsburgh NPR, and Pittsburgh Magazine.
(2012) Pitt Innovation in Education Award.
(2012) Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award.
(2006) Harvey Fellow.
(2002) Burt and Deedee McMurtry Stanford Graduate Fellow.
(2002) National Science Foundation Graduate Fellow.
(2001) Buckley-Sartwelle Scholarship.
(2000) Louis J. Walsh Scholarship in Engineering.
(1998) Edward J. Bloustein Distinguished Scholar.
(1998) W.L. Moody, Jr. Scholarship in Engineering.
Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 2008
M.S., Mechanical Engineering, Solid Mechanics specialization, Stanford University, 2004
B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, 2002
Sahaluddin, M., Li, M., Zarei, M., Leu, P.W., & Bedewy, M. (2026). Combining Laser-Induced Graphene with Kirigami for Transparent Flexible Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.
ACS Appl Eng Mater
, 4(2), 490-501.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsaenm.5c00861
Zarei, M., Wisch, J., Mohammadi, K., Loy, J.C., Sahaluddin, M., Tomaraei, G.N., Bedewy, M., Rand, B.P., & Leu, P.W. (2026). Quasi-Random Nanostructured Substrates for Enhancing Light Outcoupling in OLEDs.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
, 14(15).Wiley. doi:
10.1002/adom.202503733
Haghanifar, S., McCourt, M., Cheng, B., Wuenschell, J., Ohodnicki, P., & Leu, P.W. (2025). Discovering high-performance broadband and broad angle antireflection surfaces by machine learning (vol 7, pg 784, 2020).
OPTICA
, 12(6), 900.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OPTICA.563023
Li, M., Kim, J., & Leu, P.W. (2025). JaxLayerLumos: A JAX-based Differentiable Optical and Radio Frequency Simulator for Multilayer Structures.
The Journal of Open Source Software
, 10(114), 8572.The Open Journal. doi:
10.21105/joss.08572
Tsai, H.Y., Chen, Y.H., Wang, K.C., Leu, P.W., & Leu, M.C. (2025). Study on field emission characteristics of carbon nanotube arrays patterned via laser welding of dissimilar materials.
CIRP ANNALS-MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
, 74(1), 275-279.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.052
Zarei, M., Mohammadi, K., A Mahmood, A., Li, M., & Leu, P.W. (2025). Flexible Embedded Metal Meshes by Nanosphere Lithography for Very Low Sheet Resistance Transparent Electrodes, Joule Heating, and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.
ACS Appl Electron Mater
, 7(9), 4266-4278.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsaelm.5c00425
Kim, J., Li, M., Li, Y., Gomez, A., Hinder, O., & Leu, P.W. (2024). Multi-BOWS: multi-fidelity multi-objective Bayesian optimization with warm starts for nanophotonic structure design.
DIGITAL DISCOVERY
, 3(2), 381-391.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi:
10.1039/d3dd00177f
Martin, K., Shanks, K., Liu, Y., Kim, J., Haghanifar, S., Zarei, M., Sharma, S., & Leu, P.W. (2024). Minimizing annual reflection loss in fixed-tilt photovoltaic modules using graded refractive index (GRIN) anti-reflective glass.
SOLAR ENERGY
, 272.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.solener.2024.112424
Tao, M., Druffel, T., Farag, A., Mcloughlin, K., & Leu, P.W. (2024). Design changes for improved circularity of silicon solar modules.
ONE EARTH
, 7(2), 171-174.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.oneear.2024.01.020
Zarei, M., Li, M., Medvedeva, E.E., Sharma, S., Kim, J., Shao, Z., Walker, S.B., LeMieux, M., Liu, Q., & Leu, P.W. (2024). Flexible Embedded Metal Meshes by Sputter-Free Crack Lithography for Transparent Electrodes and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
, 16(5), 6382-6393.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsami.3c16405
Zarei, M., Li, M., Papazekos, E., Su, Y.D., Sinha, S., Walker, S.B., Lemieux, M., Ohodnicki, P.R., & Leu, P.W. (2024). Single- and Double-Layer Embedded Metal Meshes for Flexible, Highly Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
, 9(10).Wiley. doi:
10.1002/admt.202302057
Haghanifar, S., Lu, P., Kayes, M.I., Tan, S., Kim, K.J., Gao, T., Ohodnicki, P., & Leu, P.W. (2023). Self-cleaning, high transmission, near unity haze OTS/silica nanostructured glass (vol 6, pg 9191, 2018).
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
, 11(8), 3127.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi:
10.1039/d3tc90031b
Kayes, M.I., Zarei, M., Feng, F., & Leu, P.W. (2023). Black silicon spacing effect on bactericidal efficacy against gram-positive bacteria.
Nanotechnology
, 35(2).IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/1361-6528/acfe16
Li, M., Sinha, S., Hannani, S., Walker, S.B., LeMieux, M., & Leu, P.W. (2023). Ink-Coated Silver Films on PET for Flexible, High Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Joule Heating.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
, 5(1), 173-180.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsaelm.2c01183
Li, M., Zarei, M., Galante, A.J., Pilsbury, B., Walker, S.B., LeMieux, M., & Leu, P.W. (2023). Stretchable and wash durable reactive silver ink coatings for electromagnetic interference shielding, Joule heating, and strain sensing textiles.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
, 179.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.107506
Li, M., Zarei, M., Mohammadi, K., Walker, S.B., LeMieux, M., & Leu, P.W. (2023). Silver Meshes for Record-Performance Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
, 15(25), 30591-30599.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsami.3c02088
Zarei, M., Loy, J.C., Li, M., Zhou, Z., Sinha, S., LeMieux, M., Walker, S.B., Rand, B.P., & Leu, P.W. (2023). Substrate-embedded metal meshes for ITO-free organic light emitting diodes.
Opt Express
, 31(21), 34697-34707.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OE.499932
Cao, R., Zhou, Z., Haghanifar, S., Wu, J., Li, M.J., Tan, S., Leu, P.W., & Chen, K.P. (2022). Surface nanostructuring of alkali-aluminosilicate Gorilla display glass substrates using a maskless process.
Nanotechnology
, 33(24).IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/1361-6528/ac5a81
Galante, A.J., Pilsbury, B.C., Li, M., LeMieux, M., Liu, Q., & Leu, P.W. (2022). Achieving Highly Conductive, Stretchable, and Washable Fabric from Reactive Silver Ink and Increased Interfacial Adhesion.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
, 4(7).American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsapm.2c00768
Galante, A.J., Pilsbury, B.C., Yates, K.A., LeMieux, M., Bain, D.J., Shanks, R.M.Q., Romanowski, E.G., & Leu, P.W. (2022). Reactive silver inks for antiviral, repellent medical textiles with ultrasonic bleach washing durability compared to silver nanoparticles. In
Annamalai, P.K. (Ed.)
PLoS One
, 17(9), e0270718.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0270718
Galante, A.J., Yates, K.A., Romanowski, E.G., Shanks, R.M.Q., & Leu, P.W. (2022). Coal-Derived Functionalized Nano-Graphene Oxide for Bleach Washable, Durable Antiviral Fabric Coatings.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
, 5(1), 718-728.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsanm.1c03448
Haghanifar, S., & Leu, P.W. (2022). Detailed balance analysis of vertical GaAs nanowire array solar cells: exceeding the Shockley Queisser limit.
Opt Express
, 30(10), 16145-16158.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OE.455663
Haghanifar, S., Galante, A.J., Zarei, M., Chen, J., Tan, S., & Leu, P.W. (2022). Mechanically durable, super-repellent 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle surfaces.
NANO RESEARCH
, 15(6), 5678-5686.Tsinghua University Press. doi:
10.1007/s12274-022-4139-3
Lee, S., Kim, C.U., Bae, S., Liu, Y., Noh, Y.I., Zhou, Z., Leu, P.W., Choi, K.J., & Lee, J.K. (2022). Improving Light Absorption in a Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cell via Light Scattering and UV-Down Shifting by a Mixture of SiO
Nanoparticles and Phosphors.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
, 32(35).Wiley. doi:
10.1002/adfm.202204328
Li, M., McCourt, M.J., Galante, A.J., & Leu, P.W. (2022). Bayesian optimization of nanophotonic electromagnetic shielding with very high visible transparency.
Opt Express
, 30(18), 33182-33194.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OE.468843
Sharma, S.P., & Leu, P.W. (2021). Solar module orientation and tracking type performance and optimization.
JOURNAL OF PHOTONICS FOR ENERGY
, 11(4).SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi:
10.1117/1.JPE.11.045501
Zhou, Z., Walker, S.B., LeMieux, M., & Leu, P.W. (2021). Polymer-Embedded Silver Microgrids by Particle-Free Reactive Inks for Flexible High-Performance Transparent Conducting Electrodes.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
, 3(5), 2079-2086.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsaelm.1c00107
Galante, A.J., Haghanifar, S., Romanowski, E.G., Shanks, R.M.Q., & Leu, P.W. (2020). Superhemophobic and Antivirofouling Coating for Mechanically Durable and Wash-Stable Medical Textiles.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
, 12(19), 22120-22128.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsami.9b23058
Galante, A.J., Haghanifar, S., Romanowski, E.G., Shanks, R.M.Q., & Leu, P.W. (2020). Correction to Superhemophobic and Antivirofouling Coating for Mechanically Durable and Wash-Stable Medical Textiles.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
, 12(26), 30016.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsami.0c08966
Haghanifar, S., Galante, A.J., & Leu, P.W. (2020). Challenges and Prospects of Bio-Inspired and Multifunctional Transparent Substrates and Barrier Layers for Optoelectronics.
ACS Nano
, 14(12), 16241-16265.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsnano.0c06452
Haghanifar, S., McCourt, M., Cheng, B., Wuenschell, J., Ohodnicki, P., & Leu, P.W. (2020). Discovering high-performance broadband and broad angle antireflection surfaces by machine learning.
OPTICA
, 7(7), 784-789.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OPTICA.387938
Xu, Z., Zhou, Z., Li, B., Wang, G., & Leu, P.W. (2020). Identification of Efficient Active Sites in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
, 124(16), 8689-8696.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11090
Haghanifar, S., McCourt, M., Cheng, B., Wuenschell, J., Ohodnicki, P., & Leu, P.W. (2019). Creating glasswing butterfly-inspired durable antifogging superomniphobic supertransmissive, superclear nanostructured glass through Bayesian learning and optimization.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
, 6(8), 1632-1642.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi:
10.1039/c9mh00589g
Haghanifar, S., Tomasovic, L.M., Galante, A.J., Pekker, D., & Leu, P.W. (2019). Stain-resistant, superomniphobic flexible optical plastics based on nano-enoki mushroom-like structures.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
, 7(26), 15698-15706.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi:
10.1039/c9ta01753d
Zhou, Z., Gao, T., McCarthy, S., Kozbial, A., Tan, S., Pekker, D., Li, L., & Leu, P.W. (2019). Parahydrophobicity and stick-slip wetting dynamics of vertically aligned carbon nanotube forests.
CARBON
, 152, 474-481.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.06.012
Gao, T., Haghanifar, S., Lindsay, M.G., Lu, P., Kayes, M.I., Pafchek, B.D., Zhou, Z., Ohodnicki, P.R., & Leu, P.W. (2018). Fundamental Performance Limits and Haze Evaluation of Metal Nanomesh Transparent Conductors.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
, 6(9).Wiley. doi:
10.1002/adom.201700829
Haghanifar, S., Lu, P., Kayes, M.I., Tan, S., Kim, K.J., Gao, T., Ohodnicki, P., & Leu, P.W. (2018). Self-cleaning, high transmission, near unity haze OTS/silica nanostructured glass.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
, 6(34), 9191-9199.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi:
10.1039/c8tc02513d
Haghanifar, S., Rodriguez De Vecchis, R.T., Kim, K.J., Wuenschell, J., Sharma, S.P., Lu, P., Ohodnicki, P., & Leu, P.W. (2018). Flexible nanograss with highest combination of transparency and haze for optoelectronic plastic substrates.
Nanotechnology
, 29(42), 42LT01.IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/1361-6528/aad671
Kayes, M.I., Galante, A.J., Stella, N.A., Haghanifar, S., Shanks, R.M.Q., & Leu, P.W. (2018). Stable lotus leaf-inspired hierarchical, fluorinated polypropylene surfaces for reduced bacterial adhesion.
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
, 128, 40-46.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.04.013
Nguyen, T.B., Liu, D., Kayes, M.I., Wang, B., Rashin, N., Leu, P.W., & Tran, T. (2018). Critical heat flux enhancement in pool boiling through increased rewetting on nanopillar array surfaces.
Sci Rep
, 8(1), 4815.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1038/s41598-018-22693-z
Wang, B., Gao, T., Zhou, Z., Bradley, P., & Leu, P.W. (2018). Frontside scattering structures for enhanced performance in flexible ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells.
JOURNAL OF PHOTONICS FOR ENERGY
, 8(3).SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi:
10.1117/1.JPE.8.030501
Gao, T., Wang, B., & Leu, P.W. (2017). Plasmonic nanomesh sandwiches for ultrathin film silicon solar cells.
JOURNAL OF OPTICS
, 19(2).IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/2040-8986/19/2/025901
Haghanifar, S., Gao, T., De Vecchis, R.T.R., Pafchek, B., Jacobs, T.D.B., & Leu, P.W. (2017). Ultrahigh-transparency, ultrahigh-haze nanograss glass with fluid-induced switchable haze.
OPTICA
, 4(12), 1522-1525.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OPTICA.4.001522
Huang, P.S., Qin, F., Xiong, Z., Shim, H.W., Gao, T., Leu, P., & Lee, J.K. (2017). Novel Carrier Doping Mechanism for Transparent Conductor: Electron Donation from Embedded Ag Nanoparticles to the Oxide Matrix.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
, 9(23), 19973-19979.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsami.7b03871
Wang, B., Chen, K.P., & Leu, P.W. (2016). Engineering inverse woodpile and woodpile photonic crystal solar cells for light trapping.
Nanotechnology
, 27(22), 225404.IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/0957-4484/27/22/225404
Wang, B., Gao, T., & Leu, P.W. (2016). Broadband light absorption enhancement in ultrathin film crystalline silicon solar cells with high index of refraction nanosphere arrays.
NANO ENERGY
, 19, 471-475.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.10.039
Gao, T., Huang, P.S., Lee, J.K., & Leu, P.W. (2015). Hierarchical metal nanomesh/microgrid structures for high performance transparent electrodes.
RSC ADVANCES
, 5(87), 70713-70717.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi:
10.1039/c5ra14851k
Gao, T., Li, Z., Huang, P.S., Shenoy, G.J., Parobek, D., Tan, S., Lee, J.K., Liu, H., & Leu, P.W. (2015). Hierarchical graphene/metal grid structures for stable, flexible transparent conductors.
ACS Nano
, 9(5), 5440-5446.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/acsnano.5b01243
Wang, B., & Leu, P.W. (2015). High index of refraction nanosphere coatings for light trapping in crystalline silicon thin film solar cells.
NANO ENERGY
, 13, 226-232.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.10.040
Yan, A., Poole, Z.L., Chen, R., Leu, P.W., Ohodnicki, P., & Chen, K.P. (2015). Scalable Fabrication of Metal Oxide Functional Materials and Their Applications in High-Temperature Optical Sensing.
JOM
, 67(1), 53-58.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1007/s11837-014-1235-1
Ding, B., Gao, T., Wang, Y., Waldeck, D.H., Leu, P.W., & Lee, J.K. (2014). Synergistic effect of surface plasmonic particles in PbS/TiO
heterojunction solar cells.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
, 128, 386-393.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.solmat.2014.06.001
Gao, T., Stevens, E., Lee, J.K., & Leu, P.W. (2014). Designing metal hemispheres on silicon ultrathin film solar cells for plasmonic light trapping.
Opt Lett
, 39(16), 4647-4650.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OL.39.004647
Gao, T., Wang, B., Ding, B., Lee, J.K., & Leu, P.W. (2014). Uniform and ordered copper nanomeshes by microsphere lithography for transparent electrodes.
Nano Lett
, 14(4), 2105-2110.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/nl5003075
Kayes, M.I., & Leu, P.W. (2014). Comparative study of absorption in tilted silicon nanowire arrays for photovoltaics.
Nanoscale Res Lett
, 9(1), 620.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1186/1556-276X-9-620
Wang, B., Stevens, E., & Leu, P.W. (2014). Strong broadband absorption in GaAs nanocone and nanowire arrays for solar cells.
Opt Express
, 22 Suppl 2(S2), A386-A395.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OE.22.00A386
Gao, T., & Leu, P.W. (2013). Copper nanowire arrays for transparent electrodes.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
, 114(6).AIP Publishing. doi:
10.1063/1.4818498
Gao, T., & Leu, P.W. (2013). The role of propagating modes in silver nanowire arrays for transparent electrodes.
Opt Express
, 21 Suppl 3(S3), A419-A429.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OE.21.00A419
Hua, B., Wang, B., Yu, M., Leu, P.W., & Fan, Z. (2013). Rational geometrical design of multi-diameter nanopillars for efficient light harvesting.
NANO ENERGY
, 2(5), 951-957.Elsevier. doi:
10.1016/j.nanoen.2013.03.016
Wang, B., & Leu, P.W. (2012). Enhanced absorption in silicon nanocone arrays for photovoltaics.
Nanotechnology
, 23(19), 194003.IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/0957-4484/23/19/194003
Wang, B., & Leu, P.W. (2012). Tunable and selective resonant absorption in vertical nanowires.
Opt Lett
, 37(18), 3756-3758.Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/ol.37.003756
WANG, B., GAO, T., & LEU, P.W. (2012). COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURED SOLAR CELLS.
Nano LIFE
, 2(02), 1230007.World Scientific Publishing. doi:
10.1142/s1793984411000517
Fan, Z., Kapadia, R., Leu, P., Zhang, X., Chueh, Y.L., Takei, K., Yu, K., Jamshidi, A., Rathore, A.A., Ruebusch, D.J., Wu, M., & Javey, A. (2010). Ordered arrays of dual-diameter nanopillars for maximized optical absorption.
Nano Letters
. doi:
10.1021/n11010788
Fan, Z., Kapadia, R., Leu, P.W., Zhang, X., Chueh, Y.L., Takei, K., Yu, K., Jamshidi, A., Rathore, A.A., Ruebusch, D.J., Wu, M., & Javey, A. (2010). Ordered arrays of dual-diameter nanopillars for maximized optical absorption.
Nano Lett
, 10(10), 3823-3827.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/nl1010788
Ko, H., Takei, K., Kapadia, R., Chuang, S., Fang, H., Leu, P.W., Ganapathi, K., Plis, E., Kim, H.S., Chen, S.Y., Madsen, M., Ford, A.C., Chueh, Y.L., Krishna, S., Salahuddin, S., & Javey, A. (2010). Ultrathin compound semiconductor on insulator layers for high-performance nanoscale transistors.
Nature
, 468(7321), 286-289.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1038/nature09541
McIntyre, P.C., Adhikari, H., Goldthorpe, I.A., Hu, S., Leu, P.W., Marshall, A.F., & Chidsey, C.E.D. (2010). Group IV semiconductor nanowire arrays: epitaxy in different contexts.
SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
, 25(2).IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/0268-1242/25/2/024016
Takei, K., Takahashi, T., Ho, J.C., Ko, H., Gillies, A.G., Leu, P.W., Fearing, R.S., & Javey, A. (2010). Nanowire active-matrix circuitry for low-voltage macroscale artificial skin.
Nat Mater
, 9(10), 821-826.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1038/nmat2835
Fan, Z., Razavi, H., Do, J.W., Moriwaki, A., Ergen, O., Chueh, Y.L., Leu, P.W., Ho, J.C., Takahashi, T., Reichertz, L.A., Neale, S., Yu, K., Wu, M., Ager, J.W., & Javey, A. (2009). Three-dimensional nanopillar-array photovoltaics on low-cost and flexible substrates.
Nat Mater
, 8(8), 648-653.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1038/nmat2493
Fan, Z., Ruebusch, D.J., Rathore, A.A., Kapadia, R., Ergen, O., Leu, P.W., & Javey, A. (2009). Challenges and Prospects of Nanopillar-Based Solar Cells.
NANO RESEARCH
, 2(11), 829-843.Tsinghua University Press. doi:
10.1007/s12274-009-9091-y
Ho, J.C., Ford, A.C., Chueh, Y.L., Leu, P.W., Ergen, O., Takei, K., Smith, G., Majhi, P., Bennett, J., & Javey, A. (2009). Nanoscale doping of InAs via sulfur monolayers.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
, 95(7).AIP Publishing. doi:
10.1063/1.3205113
Hu, S., Leu, P.W., Marshall, A.F., & McIntyre, P.C. (2009). Single-crystal germanium layers grown on silicon by nanowire seeding.
Nat Nanotechnol
, 4(10), 649-653.Springer Nature. doi:
10.1038/nnano.2009.233
Ko, H., Lee, J., Schubert, B.E., Chueh, Y., Leu, P., Fearing, R.S., & Javey, A. (2009). Hybrid core-shell nanowire forests as self-selective chemical connectors.
Nano Letters
, 9(5), 2054-2058. doi:
10.1021/n1900343b
Ko, H., Lee, J., Schubert, B.E., Chueh, Y.L., Leu, P.W., Fearing, R.S., & Javey, A. (2009). Hybrid core-shell nanowire forests as self-selective chemical connectors.
Nano Lett
, 9(5), 2054-2058.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi:
10.1021/nl900343b
Koto, M., Leu, P.W., & McIntyre, P.C. (2009). Vertical Germanium Nanowire Arrays in Microfluidic Channels for Charged Molecule Detection.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
, 156(2), K11-K16.The Electrochemical Society. doi:
10.1149/1.3033522
Leu, P., Svizhenko, A., & Cho, K. (2008). Ab Initio study of the mechanical and electronic properties of strained silicon nanowires.
Physical Review B
, 77(23).
Leu, P.W., Adhikari, H., Koto, M., Kim, K.H., Rouffignac, P.D., Marshall, A.F., Gordon, R.G., Chidsey, C.E.D., & McIntyre, P.C. (2008). Oxide-encapsulated vertical germanium nanowire structures and their DC transport properties.
Nanotechnology
, 19(48), 485705.IOP Publishing. doi:
10.1088/0957-4484/19/48/485705
Leu, P.W., Svizhenko, A., & Cho, K. (2008).
Ab initio
calculations of the mechanical and electronic properties of strained Si nanowires.
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
, 77(23).American Physical Society (APS). doi:
10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235305
Svizhenko, A., Leu, P.W., & Cho, K. (2007). Effect of growth orientation and surface roughness on electron transport in silicon nanowires.
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
, 75(12).American Physical Society (APS). doi:
10.1103/PhysRevB.75.125417
Leu, P.W., Shan, B., & Cho, K. (2006). Surface chemical control of the electronic structure of silicon nanowires: Density functional calculations.
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
, 73(19).American Physical Society (APS). doi:
10.1103/PhysRevB.73.195320
Gao, T., Wang, B., Ding, B., Lee, J.K., & Leu, P.W. (2014). Uniform and Ordered Copper Nanomeshes by Microsphere Lithography for Transparent Electrodes (vol 14, pg 2105, 2014). MRS Spring Meeting.San Francisco, CA. doi:
10.1021/nl501687p
Wang, B., Stevens, E., & Leu, P.W. (2014). Strong broadband absorption in GaAs nanocone and nanowire arrays for solar cells. In
OPTICS EXPRESS
, 22(5), (pp. A386-A395).Optica Publishing Group. doi:
10.1364/OE.22.00A386
Gao, T., & Leu, P.W. (2013). The role of propagating modes in silver nanowire arrays for transparent electrodes. MRS Spring Meeting.San Francisco, CA. doi:
10.1364/OE.21.00A419
Research Interests
Materials engineering
Nanotechnology
Electronics, sensors and digital hardware
Macromolecular and materials chemistry
Atomic, molecular and optical physics
Communications engineering
Contact
Paul Leu
Professor
pleu@pitt.edu
Research Group Website
Google Scholar Profile
Industrial Engineering