1 ud;r lú l,dfõ h;sjr yevh( lrf;dg Oïudrdu ysñ iy ñysßmekafka Oïur;k ysñhkaf.a ldjH ms<sn| ft;sydisl úpdrhla l:sldpd¾h rfïId chfk;a;s" b;sydi fomd¾;fïka;=j" fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,h YS% ,xldfõ hg;aúð;jdoS b;sydih hkq yqÿ hqfrdamd hg;aúð; n,hka iajlSh wd¾Ól foaYmd,k rgdjka ixúOdkd;aul f,i furg ia:dms; lsÍu muKla f,i ye`Èkaúh fkdyelsh' tu kjuq wd¾Ól rgdfjka iy ta yd ne`ÿKq foaYmd,k yd iudc moaO;sfhka jvd;a n,mEug ,la jQfha YS% ,dxlsl jeishka jk w;r thska Tjqkaf.a Ôjk ú,dYfha oeä fjkialula we;s úh' úfYaIfhka my;rg m%foaYh l%ufhka hg;aවිcs;jdofha .%yKhg yiqj;au my;/áhkaf.a Ôjk ú,dYh ie,lsh hq;= mßj¾;khlg yiqjQfhah' wfkl=;a hq.hka yd ii`ok l, ,kafoais hq.h fï w;ßka lemS fmfkkafka tla w;ls ka th hqoaO wju jQ ld,hla ùu;a wfkla w;ska .d,a, k.rh flakaø lr.;a l%ñl jdKsc cd,hla my;rg m%foaYh mqrd mj;ajd f.k hdu;ah' tla mfilska tl, oCIsK ,xldfõ m%N+ mjq,a ,kafoaiSkaf.a jdKscjdoS wd¾Ól wjia:d yryd fiau mßmd,kuh wjldY yryd kj iudc ia:rdhkhla f,i jHqy.; ùu;a wfkla miska idudkH ck iudch w;r isá we;eï mjq,a mjd hï uÜgul wOHdmkhla iy wd¾Ól yelshdjla ,nd f.k iudcfha by<g tau;a lemS fmfka' tfiau th my;rg jeishkaf.a wdydr rgd" .Dyks¾udK wx. ,CIK iy we`ÿï me<`ÿï iuia;hla jYfhka fjkialulg ,la lf<ah' tneúka hqfrdamd Ôjk we.hqï iy foaYSh iïm%odhsl rgdjka tlg iïñY%Kh jQ ffoksl Ôú;hla fuu hq.fhaoS úoHudk fjkakg úh'1 fuu iïñY%Kh ,kafoais meßYa mdGYd,d moaO;sfhka fiau j¾Okh jk fn!oaO úydrrdu wdYs%; wOHdmk iïm%odfhkao fmdaIKh jQ ud;r hq.fha idys;HOrhkaf.ka úoHudk ùu lemS fmfka' ud;r idys;Hh YS% ,xldfõ wfkl=;a idys;H m%fõYhka yd hq. ii`okúg iqúfYaIS wx. /ila m%lg lrkafkah' ud;r wjêh hq.hla jYfhka fjku foaYmd,k wjêhla ksfhdackh fkdlf<ah' tys foaYmd,k wkkH;dj mej;sfha kjl fn!oaO mqkreohla y`ÿkd.;a Wvrg rdcOdksfha foaYSh foaYmd,k wkkH;dj iy my;rg m%foaYfha ,kafoais hg;aúð;jdoS foaYmd,k wkkH;dj iu`.hs' fuu foaYmd,k wkkH;d fol w;r jQ oaú>Ügkd;aul iajrEmh ud;r l,dmfha ixialD;sh yd iudch fj; oeä n,mEula lf<ah' ,kafoais md,k Ndú;h j¾Okh jQ .d,a, l,dmh" kjl ks,n, ia:rdhkhla ol=Kq fjr<nv ;Srhg y`ÿkajd ÿkafka uqo,s uqyïÈrïjreka" úodfka,d iy wfkl=;a foaYSh ks,n, ixia:dj tu md,k ;ka;%h ;=< foaYSh iudch ksfhdackh lrkd w;rueoSka njg m;a lrñks'2 tneúka ud;r idys;HOrhka úuik úg tla w;lska hg;aúð; foaYmd,k wjldY yd iudc wjldY 1 S. Arasaratnam, Dutch Power in Ceylon, 1658-1687, Netherlands Institute of Cultural Relations, Djambatan, 1958, pp. 150-155. 2 S. Arasaratnam, Ceylon and the Dutch, 1600-1800: External Influences and Internal Change in Early Modern Sri Lanka, n Variorum, 1996, pp. 59-62, 68-69. 2 yryd iudc kshuqjka f,i Tjqka bÈßhg tau;a wfkla w;ska kjl iudc lKaavdhula f,i hg;aúð; wd¾Ól wjldY fj; m%fõY ùug ;snQ ilH;dj;a ksid idys;H lghq;=j, ksr;jk m%N+ ixia:djla njg ud;r lùka m;a úh' tneúka ud;r iuh wfkla idys;H wjëkaj,g jvd iqúfYaIS wkkH;djla i,l=Kq lrhs' úfYaIfhka Wvrg rdcOdksh iy uqyÿq nv m%foaY w;r foaYmd,ksl jYfhka wiudk;d mej;sho oS¾> ld,hla ;siafia ,kafoaiSka jdKsc wruqKq mj;ajdf.k hdfï wruqKska Èßu;a l< iduldó jd;djrKh fuu l,dm fol w;r ixialD;sl wkkH;d mj;ajdf.k hdug;a tlsfkld fmdaIKh ùug;a foaYSh iudchg u`. ie,iSh' Wvrg rdcOdksfha kjl md,l l=,lh jk kdhlal¾jrekaf.a wd.ukh;a iu`. ol=Kq fj<`o uKav, iu`. iïnkaO ùfïoS ,kafoais m%foaY yryd .uka lsÍu w;HjYH idOlhla úh' Wvrg rdcOdkshg Wjukd l< ¨Kq" lrj, iy Wïn,lv jeks wdydr øjHh;a ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ ksIamdÈ; frÈms<s wdosh ,kafoais m%foaY yryd meñKsfhah' fï jkúg Wvrg m%foaYj, l=¿nvq iy f.d,a,E mqjla fj<`odu Wvrg m%OdkSkaf.ao ,kafoais jdKsc wxYj,o ,dNh j¾Okh lrñka ;snQ w;r m%foaY yryd ixl%uKh ùu mD;=.Sis hq.fhaoS fuka oeä iSudjlg ,laj fkd;snqKs' tneúka ,kafoais hq.fhaoS Wvrg wd.ñl mqk¾Ôjkhlg u`. mEÿKs'3 fï w;r Wvrg fn!oaO wd.ñl iy ixialD;sl mqk¾Ôjkh iu`. ud;r wdoS m%foaYj, foaYSh iudch ish wkkH;dj kjl f,iska kej; fidhd f.k hEu ud;r idys;H hq.fhka ms<sìUq fjhs' m'n'ð' fyajdjiïg wkqj ud;r idys;H wjêh oykj jk ishjfia fn!oaO mqk¾Ôjk jHdmdrfhka wdrïN l< kj idys;Hfha wdrïNh olajd weoS hhs'4 tu fn!oaO mqk¾cjk idys;Hh iSudiys; wjldYhla we;s jvd;a kjH f,iska f.dv kxjk ,o iodpdrd;aul rduqjlg fldgq jQ idys;Hhla ksid ud;r idys;Hfha we;eï lú ;=< mej;s fmr<sldÍ h:d¾:jdoS iajrEmh ;jÿrg;a lemS fmksK' ful, j¾Okh jQ oaúwdldrhl wOHdmk rgdjo wmQre lùka ìys lsÍug wä;d,u iemhSh' m,a,s mdie,a fyj;a by; lS meßYa mdie,a ldka;d yd msßñ fomd¾Yjhgu hï wdldrhlska ngysr wOHdmkh yd foaYSh wOHdmkh iïñY%Kh jQ oekqula /f.k wd w;r my;/áhkaf.a Ñka;k mrdihka mq¿,a úh'5 ta Tiafia ud;r lúhd lúh ks¾Nh f,i Ndú;d l< w;r iajlSh mne`ÿï yryd Ôú;fha úúO w;aoelSï iy ye`.Sï ksoyfia m%ldY lf<ah' ta w;rska r;s ldjH fyj;a Ydx.drd;aul ldjH kjuq wdldrhl ldjH rgdjla f,i lr<shg meñKsfha yqoS ckhdg ldjH Ydia;%fha ñysr weiqßka tÈfkod Ôjk .eg¿ /ila wNsnjd hdfï wjldYh ,nd foñks' wdorh yd ,sx.sl;ajh jeks f;aud flfrys újD; Ndjhlska ne,Sug;a wd.ñl f;aud yd ùr;ajh Wfoid fjkaj ;snQ lúh jvd h:d¾:jdoS fyda YDx.drd;aul f;audjka fj; f.k hdug;a ud;r lúhdg yels jQfha fuu kj wdldrhl Ôjk w;aoelSï iy wdNdih ksihs' tl, ldjHlrKfha ksr; jQ m%isoaO ks,orejka fiau by< iudchg wh;a 3 f,dakd foajrdcd" Wvrg rdcOdksh 1600-1782" l=iqï Èidkdhl ^mß'&" rcfha uqøK kS;s.; ixia:dj" mdÿlal" 1997" 33-36 ms' 4 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" ud;r hq.fha idys;HOrhka yd idys;H ksnkaOk" YS% ,xld úYajúoHd,h" fmardfoKsh" 1966" 4-5 ms' 5 S. Arasaratnam, Op.cit., 1958, pp. 220-222. 3 jQjka w;r m;a;dhfï f,alï" we,md; uqo,s" fodak bifn,d fmreud,a fldrfKa,shd fyj;a .cuka fkdakd" ud;r b,x.fldaka uqo,s iy f;dañia iurfialr Èidkdhl uqyïÈrï wdoSka y`ÿkajd Èh yelsh'6 kuq;a ud;r lúh hkq yqÿ iudcfha by< mka;h s g wh;a uqo,sjrekaf.a lú Ndú;dj muKla fkdfõ' tl, mej;s úúO iudc ia:r ksfhdackh lrñka u;= jQ lùkaf.a mo ne`ÿï ud;r lúfha wmQ¾j;ajh j¾Okh lrkq ,nhs' thg idudkH ck;dj w;ßka jevqKq cklú Í;sh ;=<ska fiau Wvrg fn!oaO mqkreofhka Tma kexjqKq my;rg msßfjka cd,fhka wOHdmkh ,enQ h;sjreka úiskao kjuq yevhla f.k fok ,oS' úfYaIfhka ks,aj,d .`. wdYs%;j jevqKq mdre l¾udka;h mdre lú /ila ìys l< w;r tu mdre lú iam¾Y lrkd .eUqre ixl,amhka iy Ôú;fha ixfõoS h:d¾:hka ud;r ck lùka ms<sn`oj jqjo fjkia wdl,amhla cks; lrjhs' l;r.uhs foajd,h foúhkaf.a w;ru`.hs wo wms Èh kEfj .f`.a i;r fokhs .Efõ r;a y`ÿka wef`.a j;=r fyd`ohs ;ju;a ks,aj,d .f`.a uiaiskdf. u`.=,g uu reyqKq .sfha ,iaik .uka nvq mgjd tkag .sfha miai n,k fldg w`.=,la .s,S .sfha r;a;rka ,shls f;,slv .s,S .sfha ud;r .f`.a bkakd lsUq,sf. meáhd ;,a, iqÿhs fn,af,a f.daur leáhd hk tk Tre mdre kj;d f.k isáhd ñkS fkdlhs ud;r lsUq,sf. meáhd7 fuys wjika lúh jvd jeo.;a jkafka th mdrej,ska nÿ tl;= lrk ,o hg;aúð; foaYSh ks,Odßfhl= ms<sn`o lshfjk lúhla f,i we;eï kQ;k úpdrlhka úiska w¾: olajd ;sîuhs' hg;ajeishd ish ms%h;u ldjH udOHh Wmfhda.fhka iudc widOdrKhla úfõpkh l< wkaou tu lúfhka fmfka' by< uqo,s uqykaÈrïjrekaf.a lú iNd mskjQ r;s ldjH jqjo my< ìï uÜgfï ck;djg wdya,doh iemhQ cklú jqjo tfia ke;skï jvd yrnr ldjH Í;sh wkq.ukh l< ndri ldjHhka jqjo ud;r lúhg f.k wdfõ wdf,dalhlauh' fï w;r jvd wdOHd;añl Í;shlska ldjH rpkfha fhÿKq NsCIQkajykafia,d /ila ud;r idys;Hh ksfhdackh lr;s' fuu NsCIQkajykafia,d tla mfilska Wvrg irKxlr ysñhka f.k wd wd.ñl idys;Hh m%fndaOfha iDcq ksuejqqïh' Wla; m%Odk lújr NsCIQkajykafiaf.a ldjH m%fõYhka y`ÿkajd oSug fmr Wvmd; forg we;s jQ fuu wd.ñl m%fndaOh ms<sn`o idlÉPd l< hq;= jkafka tu ixo¾Nfha isg fuu h;sjr lú l,dj jvd w¾:iïmkakj idlÉPd l< yels jk neúks' 6 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 53" 389" 423 ms' 7 fkdauka isrsmd," cklú irKsh" l¾;D m%ldYk" 1998" 20-21 ms' 4 irKxlr ysñhkaf.a ueÈy;a ùfuka isÿl< Ydiksl m%fndaOhg fmr Wvrg fiau my;rg NsCIq ixia:dfõ meyeÈ,s fjkila oelsh yels jQfha nqÿ oyfï od¾Yksluh yd m%;sm;a;suh md¾Yjhg jvd fn!oaO idufKarjreka pQ, iïm%odhg wh;a wd.ñl weoySï iy úYajdi flfrys jeä keUqrejla oelaùh'8 th fn!oaO Ydikfha mßydkshla f,i olskjdg jvd tl, meje;s hqoldó .;sl;ajhka ;=<ska yd oeäj iudchg oekqKq wd¾Ól mßydksh ;=<ska ksmka iudc ,CIKhla f,i y`ÿkd .; hq;=h' irKxlr ysñhkaf.a ueÈy;a ùug fmr idufKarhkajykafia,d mej;=Kq wdldrh ms<sn`o uQ,dY% igyka Tjqka Ôjk .ufka ú`È fkalúê wr.,j,g foia fohs' oyï f,i fkdyeis r l=, ¥ikh lr l r nK fkdbf.k mj r kele;a fjolï mqreÿ ler ler f,iska uqxfldgqfõ rd< tl, isá idufKarhkajykafia,df.a Ôjk p¾hdjka ye`Èkaùh'9 fuu idufKar l=,lh .Kskakdkafia,d .Kfjd,ska wdoS jQ kïj,ska iudch úiska f.!rjfhka ye`ÈkajQ w;r Tjqka i;= jQ iudc N+ñldj tl, iudchg w;HjYH idOlhla jQfha Tjqka fjrjEhñka ÿIalr;d uOHfha fn!oaO fjfyr úydr yd Ydik mrïmrdjka fiau foam,o j;ams<sfj;ao mj;ajdf.k wd ksihs' pQ, iïm%odhg wh;a wd.ñl pdß;%jdß;% bgq lrñka uyck;djf.a Ôjk wNs,dIhka idOkh lsÍuo fuu .Kskakdkafia isÿ lf<dah' úúO wjia:dj,oS Ydik l;sldj;a we;s lrñka Ydik fYdaOkhg W;aidy orkq ,enQjo m<mqreÿ NsCIq kdhl;ajhla iy msßis`o o;a oekqula we;s NsCIq ixia:djla th mj;ajd .ekSug wjYH úh' tysoS Ydikh h<s m%;sixúOdk.; lr úydr foam, ixia:dj n,d;aul lr rdcH wkq.%yh ,nñka NsCIq wdh;k jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu irKxlr ysñhkaf.a ueÈy;a ùfuka isÿ úh' irKxlr ysñhka ft;sydisl jYfhka lreKq lsysmhla ksid jeo.;a fõ' fï jkúg f.dú ro< n,h Wvrg rdcOdksfha WÉp;ajhg m;aj mej;s w;r tu ro< jxY yryd by< l=,hg wh;a NsCIQkajykafia kula rdcHfha foaYmd,k wjldYj,g ueosy;a ùfï bvla újrj ;snqKs' irKxlr ysñ jvd YS, iïmkak iy nqoaêjdoS iïmkak NsCIq ixia:djla we;s lsÍu yqÿ wd.ñl w¾:fhkau fkdf.k hï foaYmd,ksl yd iudcuh w¾:hlskao .; hq;=h' mej;s n,j;a kuq;a úisreKq iajrEmhlska hq;= .Kskakdkafia,df.a iudc foaYmd,k wdêm;Hh wNsnjd fuf,i kjH f,iska ia:dms; l< Wmimka NsCIQkaf.a wdêm;Hh uykqjr by< iudch ;=< ia:dms; jkakg úh' kdhlal¾ rc mrïmrdj yskaÿ wd.ñlhka jqj;a Tjqka b;d Wkkaÿfjka fuu biau;= jQ kj NsCIq iudchg wkq.%y olajk ,o w;r merKs úydr foam, ixia:dj hdj;ald,Sk lr tu NsCIQkajykafia,d iy mkai,a Okj;a iy n,j;a wdh;k njg m;a lf<ah'10 8 fldg.u jdÑiair ysñ" irKxlr ix>rdc iuh" úisÿKq m%ldYlfhda" fndr,eia.uqj" 2003" 16-17 ms' 9 i`.rcj;" YS% pd,aia o is,ajd ^ixia'&" weï¡ ã¡ .=Kfiak iud.u" fld<U" 1955" 54-64 lú' 10 rfïId chfk;a;s" kdhlal¾ md,k iufhys iy bkamiq wjêfhys ^1739-1948& YS% ,xldfõ úydr yd foajd,.ï ms<sn`o ft;sydisl úu¾Ykhla " wm%ldYs; Ydia;%m;s ksnkaOh" fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,h" 2018' 76-89 ms' 5 irKxlr ysñhkaf.a fm!oa.,sl foaYmd,k yd wd.ñl yeisÍï i,lkúg fuu lreK ukdj meyeÈ,s fõ' Wkajykafia lS¾;s YS% rdcisxy rc;=ud iu`. b;d iómj uq,a ld,fha weiqre l<;a lS¾;s YS% ueÍug u,aj;a; úydrfha we;s jQ l=uka;%Kh;a iu`. fpdaokdjg ,la jQfhka áll,lg rdcHfha foaYmd,k lghq;=j,ska wE;aúh' flfiajqjo tf;la irKxlr ysñhka f.k .sh m%;sm;a;sh yqÿ Y%oaOd iïmkak NsCIq Ôú;h wNsnjd f.diska ckms%h Ndjhla iy wd¾:sl jYfhka ia:djr Ndjhla ish mrmqf¾ NsCIQkajykafia,d fj; ,nd ÿks' O¾uh ms<sn`o weiQmsrE ;eka we;s fuu NsCIQkajykafia,d fndfyda fmd;a jkfmd;a l<d fiau kj wdldrhl fn!oaO wNspdr ixialD;shla isxy, iudchg y`ÿkajd ÿks' jvd fõ.fhka tu NsCIq iudch Wvmy; forg jHdma; jkakg úh' fndfyda mkai,a jeä ÈhqKq jkakg jQ w;r kj mkai,a bÈlrk ,oafoa tajdfha .Dy ks¾udKd;aul yd Ñ;% l,djka j¾Okh lsÍfuka muKla fkdkej;S tu mkai,a .fuys iudcuQ, wdh;kh njg m;a lrñks' Wvráka werUQ fuu fn!oaO mqkreoh my;rg m%foaY fj; iS>%fhka jHdma; fjkakg mgka .;af;a my;rg NsCIQkajkafia,d Wvrgg meñK Wmimka Ndjh ,nd .ekSu;a iu`.h' Wvrg ia:dms; ù ;snQ by< uÜgfu fn!oaO wOHdmksldx. iy idys;Huh wxYhka b;d blaukska ud;r m%foaYfha jHdma; jQ w;r my;rg NsCIq mrïmrdjla fjku ia:dms; jQfha Wvrg rcqf.ao wkq.%yh we;sjhs' irKxlr ysñhkaf.a iDcq ueÈy;a ùfuka we;s jQ fuu NsCIq mrïmrdjka ta mrmqr ìyslsÍfïoS my;rgoS m%uqL;ajh .;a m%Odk NsCIQkajykafiaf.a kñka ye`Èka fõ' fõye,af,a mrïmrdj iy uQlsß., mrïmrdj fuu mrïmrdj,g ksoiqkah' ly`odj" uQlsß.," ly.," l¿.," fõr.ïmsg iy fm;x.yj;a; wdoS my;rg m%Odk úydr fuu NsCIQkajykafia,dg uOHia:dk jQ w;r my;rg mqrd jHdma; jQ wd.ñl Ydia;S%h m%fndaOh isÿ l< NsCIQka /ila Ydia;%df,dalh ,enqfõ fuu uOHia:dk weiqßks'11 ix>rdc ysñhkaf.a m<uq iy m%lg f.da,fhl= jQ isákdu¨fõ Oïufcda;s ysñhka md;rg NsCIq ixia:dj oekqfuka yd Ydikldó;ajfhka n, .ekaùu i`oyd bÈßhg wd ckms%h NsCIq kuls' ishu Wmd,s ysñhkaf.ka Wmiïmdoj ,enQ uq,au NsCIQkaf.ka flfkl= jQ Wkajykafiaf.a m%Odk f.da,fhl= jkafka fõye,af,a OïuÈkak ysñhkah' fõye,af,a ysñhka b;d p;=rj nK oyï yiqrejd lS¾;s YS% rdciNdfõ m%p,s; jQ w;r rcqf.a is;a Èkd me,auvq,a, yd l=Ügdmsáh hk úydr .ïjr ,nd udf;dg ÈYdfõ ix>kdhl OQrho ,eîh' YS% mdoia:dkfha mqomQcd lghq;= isÿ lSÍu i`oyd tys kdhl moúho Wkajykafiag ,nd ÿks' m'n'ð' fyajdjiï fmkajd fok mßÈ fï ms<sn`oj i`oyka ;=vmf;ys fõye,af,a OïuÈkak .Kfjd,ska hkqfjka = '12 Wkajykafiaf.a y`ÿkajd oS ;sfnk ksid th Wmiïmodjg m%:u isÿ jQ m%odkhla úh hq;h YsIH lUqremsáfha .=Kr;k ysñ wdoSka kej; Wvrgg meñK u,aj;a; úydrfha O¾u foaYkd lf<a fuu fõye,af,a h;sjr mrïmrdj Wvmd; forgu m%lg jQ id¾:l wd.ñl yd Ydai;S%h Èúhla .; l< nj ;yjqre lrñks' ldjH Ydia;%fha fl< meñKs NsCIQkajykafia lSmkula ud;r idys;H hq.fhaoS ìys jkafka by; lS ft;sydisl miqìu mokï lrf.khs' 11 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 43 ms' 12 tu 32-33 ms' 6 l,la fuu mrïmrdfõ uyKj isá Oïur;k kï NsCIqj miqj isjqre wer ,kafoaiSkaf.ka uqo,s moúhla ,nd we,md; uqo,s kñka m%lg lsúfhl= njg m;a jQfha h' ud;r idys;Hfha b;d m%p,s; ldjH wxYhla njg Tyq yd .cuka fkdakd w;r yqjudre jQ ;Sj% ldjH fonia m;a úh' isákdu¿fõ ysñhkag .sys YsIHhkao jQ w;r nrK kel;shd ksoiqkls' nrK weÿre iy isákdu¨fõ ysñhkaf.a wfkla .sys YsIHhd jQ m;a;dhfï f,alï w;r mej;s iqúfYaIS ldjH in`o;djho ful, ,shjqKq lú weiqßka y`ÿkd .; yelsh' fuu m;a;dhfï f,alï .cuka fkdakdf.a udud flfkl= jQ w;r tu m%p,s; md;rg lúhdf.ka .cuka fkdakd m%:ujrg foaYSh NdId Ydia;%h yeoEÍh' miqj weh ish NdIdYdiaf;daoa.%yKh Wfoid lrf;dg Oïudrdu ysñhka fj; m%fõY úh' ia;s%hla ùu ksid wm%lgj mkai, fj; f.dia Ydia;% {dkh ,eîug isÿ jqj;a ish .=re ysñhka ms<sn`o wm%udK Nl;shlska isá .cuka fkdakd t;=uka ms<sn`o ldjHhlska i`oyka l< wdldrh fuu ,smsfha miqj olajkq ,efí' ls%'j' 1735 oS Wm; ,o by; lS lrf;dg Oïudrdu ysñhka ud;r hq.fha iïNdjH ldjHldr NsCIQkajykafi,d w;r w.% ;ekl jecUqKs' my;rg NsCIq mrmqrlg .=re ;k;=r fynjQ Wkajykafia Wvmd; forgu uy;a lS¾;shla bis,Sh' Wkajykafia f.dú.u m%N+ ia:rdhkg wh;a jQ mjq,lska mej; tk w;r th tla wf;lska NdId Ydiaf;%daoa.yKh i`oyd tu l=,fha iudðlhkag tl, iudcfha újrjk myiq bv ms<sn`oj meyeÈ,s jegySula ,nd fohs' Wkajykafia l=vd ld,fhaoS lrf;dg mkaif,ka wOHdmkh yodrk ,o w;r miqj fjfyr.ïmsg fjfyf¾ jeäÿr wOHdmkh yodrd lÿrefmdl=fKa iqjKaKfcda;s ysñhka hgf;a m%jcHd OQrhg m%fõY úh' miqj Wvrgg jevu lr ix>rc ysñhka hgf;a wOHdmkh yeoEÍh' 1779 oS md;rg kdhl moúh ,nd .;a Wkajykafia miqj Wvrg NsCIQkaf.a úfrdaO;d ksid tu moúh wysñj isr.;jk ;ekg lghq;= ie,isK' ful, Wvrg NsCIQkajykafia rcqg ljr n,mEula lf<ao hkak thska meyeos,s fõ' u,aj;af;aoS Wkajykafiag Ydia;% ×dkh ,nd ÿka .=re w;a;r.u nKavdrhka ÿIalr ldjHhla ,shd rdciNdj mskjk f,i Wmfoia ÿkafka lrf;dg ysñhka isr.;j isáho t;=udf.a m%lg ndri ldjHh ,shd heùh' ldjHh f;areï.; fkdyels jQ úg ysñhka f.kajd ldjHh myod oSug b,aÆ w;r th myod oSfuka miqj rcq iy rdciNdjo lúldr uvqjo uy;a m%S;shg m;aúh' m,af,neoafoa ;=vmf;ys fuu my;rg NsCIqj by; lS ldjH lrKfha oelajQ iu;alu ksid Wvrg rcqf.ka ,enQ úydr.ï /ila ms<sn`oj i`oyka jk w;r md;rg ix> kdhl moúho kej; Wkajykafiag ,eìK'13 kuq;a kej;;a ,kafoaiSka iu`. tl;= hehs fpdaokd ,en isrNdrhg .kakg iQodkï jQ ksid lrf;dg ysñhka ud;rg m,d wd w;r bkamiq my;rg m%foaYfha Ydik lghq;= jeäÈhqKq lrñka kj NsCIq mrïmrdjlg Ydia;S%h iy wd.ñl ud¾f.damfoaYkh iemhSh' lrf;dg ysñhkaf.a fuu NsCIq p¾hdj my;rg m%foaYfha j¾Okh jQ kQ;kjdoS yev.eiSï iu`. taldnoaO jQ wldrh fmfkkafka ñkamiq wjêfhaoS ,kafoaiSka iu`. lghq;= l< wdldrh y`ÿkd .kakd úghs' md;rg NsCIQka Wvrg iu`. isÿ lrk wLKav in`o;djh fkdbjiQ ,kafoaiSyq Wmdhud¾.slj is;d lrf;dg Oïudrdu ysñhkag my;rg kdhl moúh oS m;d. úismyla isõmi msKsi udislj msßkeuQy' kuq;a fï mqj; ms<sn`oj hï ielhla we;sjk w;r ysñhka 13 cS'tÉ' fmf¾rd" .cuka fkdakdf.a m%nkaO" fld<U" 1884" 1-2 ms' 7 ,shQ ,smshlska fmfkkafka meyeÈ,sju miqj n%jqkaß.a wdKavqldrjrhd fld<UoS yuqù md;rg kdhl moúh iy m;d. ;siamyl udisl oSukdjla ,nd .;a njhs'14 fuf,i fjkiajk my;rg OkjdoS iudcfha kjdx. iu`. .eàug isÿ jQ ksid ud;r m%foaYfha NsCIq Ôú;h ÿIalr úh' fuysoS Wkajykafia rpkd lrk ,o ldjH lsysmhla úu¾Ykh l< yelsh' msßjdkd fmd;ajykafia n`ÿ md,s ;s%msgl iQ;% iqmika wl=ßka msgm;a lsÍu yereKq fldg md,s iy ixialD; hk NdId folskau ldjHlrKfha ksr;ùfï ilH;dj ysñ jQ Wkajykafia ,shQ ldjHhka w;r nqÿka" rcjreka fiau wdKavqldrjreka j¾Kkd lrñka rpkd lrk ,o ldjHhka lsysmhla fõ' O¾urdc wIaglh" lS¾;s YS% rdcisxy wIaglh" YS% úl%urdcisxy rcqg wdYs¾jdo msKsi ne`ÿKq flá moH /ila ta w;r yuq fõ'15 YS% úl%urdcisxy rcqg men`¥ lúhls fï' Oïó OïñkaoOïó ys;.=Kkslfrd NskakfjÍ k fjÍ fNd.S fNd.skaofNd.S Njmjr N=fcd iïmodfkdmodfkd ,Ùld,Ùldr ,Ùld.u;rKqofhd m[a[jdfidmjdfid rdcd rdcdêrdcd ú,i;= isßúlalka;s fid rdciSfyd16 tl, NsCIQkajykafia fiau .sys lùkao iïm%odhla f,i rcqka m%N+ka j¾Kkd lsÍu ish ldjHlrKfha w;HjYH wx.hla f,i mj;ajd f.k wd nj ñka fmfka' NsCIq Ôú;fha wjYHu wx.hla f,i iudc .re;ajh ckms%h;dj fiau jefvk m%N+ ia:rdhkh iu`. taldnoaO ùu bÈßhg wd w;r ud;r lújr NsCIQka ish ldjH fl!Y,Hh fuu iudcdkq.; ùfïoS fhdod .;af;a ish wd.ñl ld¾hhka i`oyd by< iudcfha wkq.%yh ,nñks' th uQ,H w.hkag ;ekla ,efnk iudchl úydr ixia:dfõ fiau NsCIq ixia:dfõ meje;au Wfoid w;HjYH úh' fï yereKq úg ,kafoaiSkag foaYSh md,k ixia:d iy kvq jHqyh ms<sn`o oekqula ,nd .ekSug wjYH jQ úg lrf;dg ysñhkaf.ka Wmfoia me;+ nj i`oyka fõ' Y%S ,xldfõ ,kafoais wdKavqldr bfjdka úf,ï fmdala ish OQr ld,fhaoS ^1765-1785& fuu ysñhkaf.ka wOHdmkh yodrd we;' isxy, isß;aúß;a iy wdKavq lrk wdldrh ms<sn`oj ,kafoais wdKavqldrjrhd weiQ m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re ÿka ysñhka foaYSh ckhdg myiqjk mßÈ ,kafoaiSkag ish wdKavqlrKfhaoS jl%dldrfhka iyh jQ nj fmfka' tf,i ,nd ÿka woyia ,larc f,da isß; kï lD;sfhys miqj wvx.= flfrKs' tfiau m%foaYfha úydr iïnkaO wdrjq,a mek ke`.súg Wkajykafia tajd úi`oSu i`oyd ueÈy;a úh'17 fuu ish¨ f;dr;=re j,ska fmfkkafka Ydia;% {dkfha yd iudc mßpfha ysKsfm;a;g .uka l< NsCIQkajykafia iudcfha oekqu yiqr ejkd lKavdhu ksfhdackh lrñka ljr wdldrhl jqj md,l me<eka;sh iu`. ukd iïnkaO;djla mj;ajd f.k hk njhs' YS% ,xldfõ NsCIq ixia:dfõ j¾Okh iy nqÿ oyfï b;sydih i,lk nqÿ oyu meñKs miq iEu hq.hloSu fuf,i ljr fyda NsCIq ksldhla ksfhdackh lrk NsCIq msßila 14 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 60 ms' 15 lrf;dgj;" fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,Sh m%Odk mqia;ld,h" 9"14"34 ms' 16 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 59 ms' 17 tu" 60 ms' 8 wd.ñl Ydia;S%h fiajhg wu;rj rdcHh lrùfïoS jeishdg myiqjk f,i tu iïm%odhka flfrys ueosy;a úh' my;rg kj iudch ;=<oS NsCIqjf.a fuu N+ñldj bÈßhg wdfõh' ì%;dkHhka uqyqÿnv hg;a lr .;a miq fcdaka fvdhs,s ud;r osidj Ndrj m;a lrk ,o w;r Tyq isxy, yd md,s NdId Ydia;%h yeoErefõ lrf;dg ysñhka fj;ska njo meyeÈ,s lreKls' miqld,Skj Wvrg frisoka;jrhd f,i fvdhs,s l< ld¾hNdrfhaoS fuu NdId {dkh Tyqg msájy,la úh'18 ta wkqj NdId Ydia;%fha fl< meñKs lrf;dg ysñhka iuld,Sk hg;aúð; iudcfha iy foaYSh m%N+ka w;r m%p,s; fiau ;SrKd;aul ld¾Hhhla bgq l< NsCIQkajykafiakula nj meyeÈ,s fõ' fjkiajk iudcfha NsCIqjl i;= ixlS¾K ld¾HNdrh Wkajykafia fjkia f,ilska lshjQ nj fï wkqj meyeos,sh' lúfhl= f,i i,lk úg lrf;dg ysñhka ,shQ lú ixLHd;aul w;ska wvq jqjo ;rula wdfõ.iïmkak wkaoñka ,shd hjk ,o lúhlao fï w;r iq/lsj we;af;ah' ta Wkajykafia Èhu; msyk s k yxifhl= fuka isy, niajyr yeisrjQ wkaou fmkajñks' fuu ldjHh ms<sn`oj u;jdo folla we;' isjqre yer .sh lrf;dg Oïurdu ysñf.a YsIH we<md; uqo,s ls%ia;shdksh je<`o .ekSug W;aidy york nj ie,ùfuka fuu ldjHh ,shk ,oehs hkak tla u;jdohls' ta wkqj ish f.da,hka fõ.fhka ngysrlrKh jk hg;aúð; iudch ;=< lghq;= lrk ,o wdldrh .ek Wkajykafia oeä úuis,a,lska miq úh' Èhg ild ;=u mo hq;a whg fold fkdjeo ksld f.k fok i.mj. iqld fkdui,ld fl<shg j;a is;k tld ;K fkdu ld ìu jeo n;a lk f.dfkld 19 thg ms<s;=re f,i we<md; uqo,s tjQ lúhlao m%p,s;j we;' ; nq ÿ ka irK .sfh kï wism; /f. k is r iq ka flfrñ lsj ug foúfhl= úis k u r nq ka Tner Èhnm ;sf,dfjl kh k is ys fk ka ú;r fkd.ksñ wksfll= ir K20 kuq;a nkaÿfiak .=Kfiakg wkqj fuu lúh .cuka fkdakd fj; we,md; uqo,s t,a, lrk ,o oeä mSvkh ksid ysñhka úiska ,shk ,oaols'21 .cukaf.a w; m%;sfCIam jQ miq úúOdldrfha kskaod iïmkak lú ldjH yrU f,iska fï ld,fha we,md; úiska m%isoaO lrk ,o w;r tla wf;lska fofokdf.au .=reka jQ lrf;dg ysñ fï ms<sn`oj ixfõoS jQjdo úh yelsh' .cuka fkdakdg miqld,fha fldrf;dg ysñhka yuqùu iïnkaOfhka hï iudc jdrKhla we;s jQ nj;a weh úiska rpkd lrk ,o fjk;a lúhlska fmfkhs' ieiS nih ii`.h ÿls wmsh kafka ßiS wh úfhdaùuo ÿla j kafka 18 Kitsiri Malalgoda, Buddhism in Sinhalese Society, 1750-1900: A Study of Religious Revival and Change, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1976, pp. 83-84. 19 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 61 ms' 20 tu 21 nkaÿfiak .=Kfialr" .cuka fkdakdf.a lúiSmo" tia' f.dvf.a iy ifydaorfhda" fld<U" 1992" 14 ms' 9 jiS Èk wru n, wms wys; kafka 22 oeiS ñka fu Tn olskg ke; t kafka ud;r lsújr l=,hgu wh;a ldjHlrKfha w;sYh iu;a jQ ;j;a NsCIqjla jQfha ñysßmekafka Oïur;ak ysñhkah' Wkajykafiaf.a ldjH rS;sh wfkla ldjHldr NsCIQkag jvd ksoyia whqrlska bosßhg ths' ñysßmekafka Wm; ,o Wkajykafia meúÈj lrf;dg kdysñhka fj;ska wOHdmkh ,eîh' ñysßmekafka .fuys m%:u úydrh f.dv kexùug Wr ÿka fuu NsCIqj m%foaYfha uqo,s uqykaÈrïjreka fj;ska ta i`oyd Wmldr ,nd .ekSfïoS ish ldjH yelshdj ukdj Ndú;d lf<ah' b;d blaukska ck m%idohg m;a ù úydrh O¾udh;khla f,i jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSug yelshdj ,eìK' kj f.da, mrïmrdjlg O¾uh iy Ydia;%h b.ekaùu isÿ l< Wkajykafia ld,Sk iudcfha we.hqug ,la jQ mqo mQcd /ila ixúOdkh lf<ah' m%foaYfha wd.ñl uOHia:dkh jQjd muKla fkdj fuu úydrh iy tys úoHia:dkh fiau fmd;a.=, msgia;rhka wdl¾IKh lsÍug iu;a úh' iuld,Sk iudcfha úydria:dkhla iy NsCIQkajykafia .fuys iudc kdhl;ajh Wiq,kafka flfiao hkak y`ÿkd .ekSug fuu ysñhkaf.a Ôjk m%jD;a;s WmldÍ fjhs'23 lrf;dg ysñhkaf.a yrnr lúj,ska ñysßmekafka ysñhkaf.a lú fjkia jkafka ksoyia úß;la wkqidrfhka ´kEu wjia:djlg Tìk mßos Wkajykafia lú ;ekSuhs' th we;eï wjia:dj,oS yqÿ iïm%odhsl m%N+ j¾Kkj,ska Tíng f.dia tÈfkod Ôú;fha wjia:d ydiH ckl f,iska fyda wjjdod;aul f,iska u;= lr oelaùula úh yelshs' kuq;a thska u;= jQfha lemS fmfkk kj lú rihls' tfiau iuld,Sk my;rg iudch .ek wOHhkh lrk b;sydi{fhl=g fuu kj wdf¾ lú iy tys .eí jQ woyia wk.s uQ,dY%hla fõ' ksoiqkla f,i j¾Okh jk biald.dr iu`. u;ameka jHdma; ùu Wkajykafia b;d lK.dgqfjka biau;= l< w;r kïjfrys i`oyka tla lúhl .fuys ;reKhka îu;ska yeisfrñka flda,dy, lr .;a nj mjid ;sfí' Wkajykafia fï ms<sn`oj rcfha ks,OdÍkag meñKs,s lf<ao lúfhks' jev ke;s cv fld,a,ka tlafj,d fï .fï oeka nv mef,k ;=rd î u;a fj,d rd wrlal= w`v onr lsÍfuka ? oj,a yS fndfyda fia bv ke;sju flda,dy,fhka l,a hjkafka iglmg lf<da;ska rd fndñka u;aj f;da,d msgmg .iajd fï fmd,a .fia nkaojd,d msg ueog ÿisï úiaila ;syla j;a fojd,d lgue; yrjd mkafkï fkdfõoehs lshd24 tu lD;sfhysu ;j;a ;ekl .d,d f.daÜá ksrka;ru flfrñka uq,df.a wekake jfoa wekakEfõ miq fjkakg fïfla nerejd ukaoe hs fnd, fld,a,fka25 22 nkaÿfiak .=Kfialr" tu" 1992" 28 ms' 23 ñysßmekafka .=Kfiak" ñysßmekafka meÈ rih" tia f.dvf.a iy ifydaorfhda" fld<U" 1999" 24-45 ms' 24 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 438 ms' 25 ñysßmekafka .=Kfiak" tu" 1999" 83 ms' 10 wnhisxy wurfialr uqo,s`ÿg fínoafol= .ek meñK,s lrk Wkajykafia fuf,i mjihs' ud .djd isákd weì;a; .eghd hoaoS f.dfâ tla oskla rd î,d lg .kak f;la nv mqrd lE .d weú;a,d fidfrla taldf.a bfkyS ;=nq,a lgqj yd mSfh;a wrka ta uÈka taldg;a .y,d .shd jeá jeà wekakEjuhs fohshfka 26 l%ufhka ckdlS¾K jk iy fjkiajk iqrdmdkhg fhduq jQ .fuys we;s ;u mkaif,ys úúO fidrlï isÿ jQ miq lïmdjg m;ajQ Wkajykafia tajd lúfhka igyka lr we;s w;r fï jkúg uQ,H jákdlï w.hk iudchl fidreka j¾Okh ùu mdGlhdg y`ÿkajd fohs' Wkajykafia fjkiajk iudcfha wksjd¾h ks¾udKhla jQ fuu fidreka iy Tjqkaf.a ksn`o kjd;ek jQ iqrdmdk Yd,do we`.Æ wuqv froaoo ms<sl=,a l< w;r ydiHh Wmojk mßÈ lúhg Tjqka y`ÿkajd ÿkaky' id,dfõ wuqfâ .id .k b`oka oka f.a Èyd n,d27 fõ.hla f,i wuqv .iñka lr;s fidrlï rd uf;a28 fuu fínÿ .eñhka ydiHhg ,la lsÍug ;ekQ meÈ w;r fndfyda m%p,s; jQ ydiHfha Wmßu ;,h iam¾Y lrk ,o lú jkafka my; lú mne`ÿuhs' tys Ñ;a;rEm okjk .=Kh m%YxikSh fõ' msg mg .iñka wjqÈka iqrdmdk id,d jg jeo lg .kakla rd fndñka u;aj W!,d lg fl, /jqf,a fydiafia fldKska jelalsrS,d fldg fldg weúoSfuka f.kaf.g flda,yd,d .re lul is;d î u;a fj,d rd wrlal= ksßj;ska lg;a o,ajd jeà,d ksooaoS n¨le, wõÈka tla mdohla Wia lsÍfuka 29 iq¿Èh uqj ;=,ays j;a flfr;auehs Tjqkaf.a tfiau Wkaajykafia wmdh iy tys o`vqjï ms<sn`o idudkH .eñhd ìhg m;a lsÍug ks¾udKh lrk ,o lú fm<o ksoyia wdr wkq.ukh lrkafka fjkiajk iudchg NsCIqjl f,iska Wkajykafiag yels muK fiajhla lsÍug mej;s wdYdj fy<s lrñks'30 tfiau mkai,a j;a;g hdnoj W!rka we;slrkafkl= Wkajykafiaf.a fldamhg ,la jQ w;r Wkaf.ka jQ ysßyerh yd ;rjgqj iqmqreÿ mßÈ lúfhka olajd ;sfí' ta lúh wkqlïmdj Wmojkakla w;r ydiHh ckkh ùu ksi`.fhka isÿ fõ' tysoSo mskamõ ixl,amh biau;= lr we;' tfiau iajNdúl .eñ Ôú;hl Ñ;%h tu`.ska ukdj w`oS' uqo,a miqmi Èj hk .eñfhda ish Ôjk igfka wr., lroaoS hdno mkai, iu`. we;eïúg .eg¿ we;s lr .;af;dah' 26 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 439 ms' 27 ñysßmekafka .=Kfiak" tu" 1999" 77 ms' 28 tu 29 m'n'ð' fyajdjiï" tu" 1966" 438 ms' 30 tu" 436-437 ms' 11 j;a;= j;a;= bf`oda bf`oda lsh lshd f.dav;a lsßÊc;a ÈoS lsÜgq lsÜgqj mkaif,a fná .id hkafgkag wdldrhla we;af;a ke;au h bkaksid ;uqfi,d W!rka tjQfjd;a ;j;a uÜgq fjkakg fõh lSm Èklska wdjd ,kaisfï ydr,d fmr,d oukag jf.a W!rka weú;a mkaif,a bkao,d w, je,a állao ;snqkd ld,d kid ,d oud fï wdldr úkdihla lrKjd iQ iQ ..d ? oj,a wekakEfõ miq fjkag fïl nerejd fohsfhd;a ksod .;a;=foda ud lSfõ ke; kï .ula i,l=Kla f;areïj fï fudaifï ta lSfõ ke;=jdg wehs lsis flfkla W!rka ljd,d fmdjd úlaflda;ska WmÈ;a wúÑ ksrfha fndajd oyia l,a meiS fmafhdkayS ;sßika wmdhjg;a m;a ù fndfyda ÿla ú`È;a31 ish fm!oa.,sl ÿla lror ydiH ckl f,iska fyda wkqlïmd okjk f,iska igyka lrk Wkajykafia jfrl —mskaw;a fjhs ug bkakg weßhfyd;a keúoaojd fohshfka˜32 hkqfjka lúfhka m%ldY lrkafka iuld,Sk ixlS¾K NsCIq Ôú;h ;=< l<hq;= ld¾hhka jQ úydr f.dv kexùu" j;=msá wdrCId lsÍu" fidrlï isÿ ùu je<elaùu wdÈh biau;= lrñks' tfiau inr.uqfõ ish úydr .ïj, we;sjk ffk;sl .eg¿ fiau ro<jrekaf.a ndOd iy my;rg rcfha ks,OdÍkaf.a mSvkh o wdÈh ksid;a iïudoï iy wfkl=;a uQ,H .Kqfokq i`oyd úúO wjia:dj,oS ÿr .uka hdug isÿùuo fl;rï ÿIalr;djhla NsCIqjlg we;s lrkjdo hkak ms<sn`oj wikakd ixfõoS lrjñka ,shQ moH fõ' ud;r mqrjrfha jecUqKq NsCIqjla jqjo m%N+ iudcfha wdOdr we;sj isÿ l< úúO úydr lghq;=j,oS Wkajykafiaf.a m%h;akhka wid¾:l jQ wjia:d iq,N jQ nj;a fmfka' ta ms<sn`oj ish ;ejq, lúfhka i`oyka lrk ysñhka my;rg kj iudc ia:rdhkh ;=< NsCIq Ôú;h jvd ÿIalr jQ nj jßkajr fmkajd fohs' th ;yjqre lrkd ;j;a ldjH folla my; mßÈh' ;sf,dj. uqks`ÿkafka ms,auhla nkaojkafka ke; lsisflfkl=kafkaj;a Woõjla ,efnkafka33 b,ajkafka ke;=j;a isf;a ieoeyefhka oka oS uy;a oka /ila b,ajd,;a fkd,efnhs uf.a t nrmeka whsfhda fohshfka ta ukaoehs o wjdikdj jeäjd u hs ud flf¾ ta ñila mskaj;a rd,ydñf.a wf;a ke;auehs je/oaola lsis;a 34 wfíisxy uqo,s fj; hejqKq fï fojk lúh NsCIqjf.a ksoyia úß; ukdj meyeÈ,s lrhs' th lú fmf<ys ie`.jqKq wj{djo tysoS biau;= lrhs' óg fmr lú ,shQ úh;a NsCIQka lúfha yrnr nj iy j¾Kkd;aul iajrEmh fhdod f.k m%N+ka mskjd ish Ydik ld¾hh Yla;su;a lr .;a kuq;a fuu iqúfYaIS lúhd ;ud fkdi,ld yßk mska leue;a;ka wj{djg ,la lrkafka jyd fjkiajk uQ,H.e;s iudcfha jqjo ish iajdëk ia:dhkh fmkajñks' 31 tu" 39 ms' 32 ñysßmekafka .=Kfiak" tu" 1999" 94 ms' 33 tu" 82 ms' 34 tu" 218 ms' 12 Wkajykafia men`¥ we;eï l=vd lú iudcfha uy;a ckms%h Ndjhg m;a jQfha fuu wj{dj leál< ydiH ckl lú l,dj ta jk úg;a iudch úiska ms<s.kakd nj fmkajñks' u`. fid`og ;sfí kï hkag oEi;a fmfka kï lsu neÈj, hkafka ux uq<d jQ tflla fia óßÈh ;sfí kï meka leue;af;la fõ kï ñß`.=jg ÿjkafka ula ksidfoda uqfjla fia35 my; oelafjk jia lúho b;d ckms%h úh' th Wkajykafiaf.a m%N+ iudch ydiHhg ,la lsÍfï WÉp;u wjia:djhs' nelsis nl=idfka lrj,a uy fldldfka Èh .er`ähd fka rlsjq fodïnr uy úodfka36 fuf,i b;du fjkia lú wdrla wkq.ukh l< Wkajykafia iuld,Sk iudc i;a;djka ksrdjrKh lrñka iudc Í;s levQjka ydiHhg ,la lf<a ud;r lúfha ÈhqKq ,CIK fmkajñks' kQ;k lúh ìys ù iudc h:d¾:hka lú f,i bÈßm;a lsÍug fndfyda l,lg fmr ngysr lú l,dfõ h:d¾:jdoS wx. ms<sn`o lsisÿ yeoEÍula fkdl< ñysßmekafka ysñ iy .cuka fkdakd jeks lùyq foaYSh lú l,dfõ Í;Ska mq¿,a lf<dah' lúhd ;rï ydks wju jk f,iska ish fldamh yd fYdalh iudc.; lSÍug iu;a iqmika wfkfll= fkdfõ' tu lú iudc isÿùïj, tl;=jla njg m;ajk úg tajdfha we;s uQ,dY%uh w.ho jeä fõ' ful, iudch mqj;am;a kjl:d jeks rickkh lrk fyda f;dr;=re f.k tk iq,N udOHj,g huq fkdjQ iudchla nj wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' ta ksid lúfhka we;s l< Ñ;a;rEm okjk .=Kh ksid tu lú iuld,Sk iudch ms<sn`o rij;a Ñ;%hla ujd .ekSug myiq lrhs' l,la bl=;a jqjo bka cks; lrjk ldjH rih fkdis`oS mj;skafka fuu NsCIQkajykafia ms<sn`o buy;a wdorhla mdGl isf;ys cks; lrjñks' fï ksid lrf;dg ysñhkaf.a iïNdjH m%N+jdoS lú fiau ñysßmekafka ysñhkaf.a .eñ h:d¾:h iu`. ne`ÿKq ir< ksujqula we;s lú b;sydi{hdg wmQre jia;= úIhla fõ' 35 tu" 248 ms' 36 tu'
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