Spain - Dagbani Wikipedia

Silimi gɔli October yuuni 2017, Catalan maŋsulinsi dɛibu pibupibu daa nyɛla din niŋ ka  Catalan Parliament nim daa vootiya ka din daa wuhi ni Catalan nim dɛigi bi maŋ sulinsi Spain ni sani n pa nyɛ Catalan Republic, dabsi shɛli Spanish Seneta ni daa yɛri ni O ni sahi ti  Catalonia  nim bi Spanish prime Minister nu ni. Lala dabsa maa no Seneta maa daa ti yiko ka bi tooi zali zaligu ka Rajoy daa wurimli Catalan parliament ka lahi labi zali pibupibu pali. Catalonia daa nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini bi mi ni di nyɛla din waligi di ko. Silimi gɔli June, yuuni 2018, Congress of Deputies daa nyɛla ban zali zaligu ka di nyɛla din yihiri Rajoy ka zaŋ  PSOE kpema Pedro Sánchez n zali O zaani. Yuuni 2019, tuuli  gomlanti nim ban daa niŋ nagbanyini  Spain puuni daa nyɛla PSOE mini Unidas  podemos. Yuuni 2018 mini 2024 sunsuuni, Spain ni daa nyɛla yɛlimuɣisira bi tiŋgbani ka di gili General Council of the Judiciary  ( CGPJ) hali ka bi ti nahi labiv taɣi  lala fukumsi maa. Silimi gɔli January 2020, COVID-19 doro.

maa daa nyɛla din wuligi gili Spain zaa ka din daa chɛ ka bi nyɛviya boogi n gari yuuni yini. European Commission daa nyɛla ban yihi  Generation EU ni bi suŋ EU nim ka bi yi COVID-19 doro mani, ka di nyɛ bi ni yan zaŋ shɛli n tum tuma yuuni 2021 hali ni 2026 puuni. Silimi gɔli March 2021yuuni Spain daa nyɛla din doni buyobu zuɣu di yi kana ban daa bo faakoo n ti lala doro ŋɔ.

A yi doli pibupibu shɛli din daa niŋ silimi gɔli July 23 yuuni 2023, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez da lahi niŋ nagbanyini ni O gomlanti kpei, saha ŋɔ O mini Sumar ( ŋun daa zani Unidas Podemos zaani maa). Yuuni 2024 tuuli gomlanti zaŋ ti Catalan yuuni pia nyaaŋa, ka bi maŋ sulinsi ni maa, Salvador Illa daa nyɛla bini piigi so . Bi ni daa niŋ vootin maa kalinli ŋun doya ŋɔ n daa yina 17.3% nim daa sahi ni bi nyɛla Catalan bilichinima, 46% mi yɛlini bi nyɛla Spanish Catalan nima, 21.8% nyɛ Catalan n gari bini nyɛ Spain shɛm, University of Barcelona nim gba polls daa wuhimi ni 50% of Catalan ni bɛ sahi ti Catalan maŋsulinsu dɛibu, ka kalinli din bi paagi 40% mi vooti n sahi ti Catalan maŋsulinsi maa.

1978 Spanish  constitution  nyɛla din gu Spaniards zaa mini daadam kam ŋun bɛ Spain zaŋ jɛndi nisalinima bɛrisuŋ, bi kaya ni taɣida, bala mini bi bihisi shɛi.^[42] Amnesty International (AI) nim yɛliya ni gomlanti vihigu zaŋ chanŋ prinsi nahigu polo din waɣaligimi amaa ka bi tibidarigibo bi galisi.^[43] Paɣaba nahimbu daa nyɛla din galisi ka gomlanti daa yiŋsi zaani di zuɣu.^[44][45] Spain nyɛla din yogi soli n ti ban niŋdi LGBT maa. Pew Research nim ni niŋ vihigu duniya zaa, lahabali yina n wuhi ni Spain n nyɛ tuuli ban sahi nti paɣa mini paɣa, doo mini doo bomi taba zaligu la, lala vihigu maa  wuhiya ni niriba 88% n sahi n ti lala niŋsim maa.^[46]

Cortes Generales nim nyɛla ban sahi n ti Gender Equality Act 2007, din niya daa nyɛ paɣaba mini dabba nyɛ yim di yi kana Spanish siyaasa mini liɣiri bomma polo.^[47] Di yi kana Inter Parliamentary Union  lahabali puuni silimi gɔli September yuuni, paɣaba daa nyɛla 137,  350 puuni niriba ban bɛ Congress puuni. Kɔbiga puuni di daa nyɛla vaabu 39.1%, ka di kana Senate yaɣa paɣaba daa nyɛla 101, 266 puuni, ka yiŋsi 39.9%, ka di daa chɛ ka Spain doni kalinli pia ni ayɔbu di ka tiŋ shɛŋa ban paɣaba bɛ yili gansi ni.^[48] Yuuni 2008 , Gender Empowerment Measures of Spain United Nation  of Human DevelopmentReport  puuni  daa nyɛla 0.798 ka Spain daa dini 12th  duniya zaa^[49]

Yuuni 2024 puuni Spain n daa nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli din do buyi zuɣu di yi kana tiŋgbani shɛli niriba ni kaa, France nu ni yi dini n daa paya, daadama ban kalinli yiŋsi 94 million n daa nyɛ ninlihi lihiriba.^[50][51] Bi tiŋduɣlya kaabu laɣi dibo daa yiŋsila kamani 126 billion euro yuuni 2024.^[52] World Tourism Organization tuma du zuɣu nyɛla din bɛ Madrid  tiŋgbani.

Spain ni za tiŋgbani ŋɔ yaɣa shɛli maa, din lahi nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli din bɛ kom polo, tiŋgbani balibu, taarihi din mali yaa, kaya ni taɣada din ka kpei mini bi mɛbu shɛŋa din kpe kani maa zaa nyɛla daliri din chɛ ka tiŋgbani maa pa tiŋgbani shɛŋa din mali ninliha yulibu shɛhi pam. Spain tourism nyɛla yɛli kpeni di mali nu bi tiŋgbani maa bomma polo, ni tiŋduya ninlihi lihiriba mini bi tiŋgbani maa ninlihi lihiriba ni tohari 12.3% di yi kana Spain GDP yuuni 2023 la ni.^[53]

Castile mini Leon nyɛ tiŋkpaŋ shɛŋa din bɛ tooni Spainish ninliha yulibu shɛi din tabi bi tiŋgbana mini bi mɛri shɛŋa,^[54] bini gbeba yuuni 2020 la saha hali ni zuŋɔ.^[55]

Yuuni 2010, Spain daa lɛbi din bɛ tooni di yi kana Solar power  polo, di daa gari united State nim zuɣu bini daa zali La Florida din daa galisi ka mali yaa la n baɣili  Alvarado  Badajoz la.^[56][57]

Spanish  palla nyɛla yim, ni palidahi dibaa ayobu, din tɔŋ  Madrid hali ni  Basque tinshee, Catalonia, Valencia, West Andalusia,  Extremadura mini Galicia.  Bi lahi mali palidahi Atlantic yaɣali ( Ferrol hali ni Vigo), Cantabrian ( Oviedo hali ni San Sebastián), mini Mediterranean ( Girona hali ni Cádiz) coasts. Spain nim mali niya ni bi mali niŋlim buɣim lora niima miliyoŋ yini bi pala maa zuɣu zaŋ chanŋ yuuni 2014, ka gomlanti niya nyɛmi ni O boogi bini mali energy shɛli maa ka lahi kpaŋsi energy zalibu.^[58] Minister of Industry  Miguel Sebastian  daa yɛliya ni  ni lala niŋlim buɣim lora nim ŋɔ maa nyɛla sohabɛhani ka lahi nyɛ yɛli kpeni din yan kpaŋsi lala tuma du ŋɔ maa.^[59]

Silimi gɔli February yuuni 2925 puuni Spanish ziligi palli ( high - speed rail network) n nyɛ HSP waɣali  Europe puuni ni 3,973 km(2,469 I'm)^[60], di lahi nyɛla di pahiri buyi zuɣu duuniya zaa, China nu yi yi. Di tɔŋ tiŋsi kama Málaga, Seville,  Madrid,  Barcelona, Velencia mini Valladolid, ni  ziligi so ŋun chani yɔm kamani 330 km/h ( 210 mph).^[61] Spanish ni ziligi ŋɔ n nyɛ ziligi shɛli din chana pampam duniya zaa, ka na zaŋ Japanese bullet train maa n pa, ka French TGV mi paya.^[62] Di yi kan din chani ni saha dini n do buyi zuɣu  duniya zaa ( 98.5% on time arrival)  di nyɛla din do Japanese Shinkansen di nyɛ (99%).^[63]

Spain mali alapeke paakinim pihinahi ni awɔi (49).^[64] Din tumdi sahakam  nyɛla Madrid alapele paaki (Badajas) din mali so Chandiba ban kalinli yiŋsi 60 million yuuni 2023 la ni, duniya zaa ka nyɛ din pahiri pia ni anu ban tumdi sahakam ni, amaa ka lɛ nyɛ European Union ni bi nyɛ ban pahiri buta zuɣu din yi kana ban tumdi saha kam ni. Barcelona alapeke paaki gba nyɛla din mali anfaani, bi gba daa nyɛ 50 miliyoŋ so chandiba yuuni 2024 ni, duniya zaa dini pahiri pihita zuɣu ban tumdi saha kam ni.^[65] Alapele paaki din pahi n nyɛla din bɛ Mallorca, Málaga, Las Palmas (Gran Canaria) mini Alicante.

Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) yɛligu puuni, silimi gɔli July yuuni 2025 la saha, kamani daadama ban kalinli yiŋsi  9.7 million  nyɛla bini dɔɣi shɛba silimin tiŋa, ka yiŋsi 19.64% salo mani  kɔbiga puuni. Bi puuni 6.4 million (13.23%) daa nyɛla bini bi dɔɣi shɛba Europe tingŋani^[66] , ka daadama ban gari 7 million (14.3%) nyɛ tiŋ shɛŋa tiŋbihi.^[67] Di yi kana saamba polo, Spain nyɛla din do bunahi zuɣu Europe puuni ka do buyopoin duniya zaa.

Silimi gɔli December yuuni 2024 puuni, saamba maa puuni ban daa galisi daa nyɛla Morocco nima ( bi daa yaɣai 1 million zuɣu), ka Colombia nim mi daa nyɛ (856,616), Venezuela nim mi (599,769), Romania  nim mi daa nyɛla (532,456) n ti pahi Ecuador gba mi nyɛ (448,643).  Saamba maa pam daa nyɛla ban yina tiŋ shɛŋa fin ka EU ni, kamani, Latin America nim tiŋ shɛŋa fin daa ka salo pam maa ka mani United kingdom,  Ukraine,  China, Russia, Pakistan, Algeria mini Senegal.^[68]

Lahabali wuhiya ni ban yi bi ya nu bi  taɣi tiŋsi  n ti bɛni kpalim zaa,  saamba bam chanŋ Spain lala chandi ŋɔ maa nyɛla din nabigi hali 21st century saha, saamba nyɛla ban nabigi kamani 1.6% salo maa puuni yuuni 1998 hali n gari 12% zaŋ chanŋ 2009 la saha. Di wuhiya ni saamba maa nabigiya  kamani kalinli 500,000 yuuni 1996 hali ni 5.2 million  yuuni 2008 puuni. Spain nyɛla Europe tiŋgbani shɛli din dɛigi saamba pam yuuni 2002 hali ni 2007, domishi daadama ban kalinli yiŋsi 2.5 million n daa nyɛ ban kpena. Yuuni 2005 Spain daa nyɛla din do buyi zuɣu din dɛigi saamba European Union, Cyprus nyaaŋa, mini ban kalinli galisi,^[69] ka chɛ bini daa chɛ tiŋ shɛŋa taali nima daa nyɛla ban chɛ ka saamba ban kperi tiŋ maa ni kalinli maa pa nyɛ 700,000.^[70]

Saamba maa nimani kpebu pam maa malila daliri, kamani,  Spain ni kaya nyɛla din yina Latin America, yaɣi shɛli polo tiŋgbani maa ni zaya maa, bi tiŋtarisi nyɛla din bɛ yoli, laɣi bobo din suɣi ka galisi bi tiŋgbani maa ni, mini yaa shɛli din bɛ bi pukparim mini bi mɛbu polo, di ka laɣiri ka ŋɔ kam nyɛ tumtuda ka ni tooi niŋ li. EU ninvuɣu shɛba ban bi lahi tum da nyɛla ba bɛ Spain Mediterranean coast yaɣali.^[71] Yuuni 2008, laɣibobo ni daa kpe yɔoɣu, Financial  Times  nim daa yɛli ya  Spain n daa nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli din na so Western Europeans zaŋ kpa n yi bi tiŋgbani n chanŋ tiŋ shɛli ni n ti bori tuma EU puuni.^[72]

Nahila yuuni 2014, ka saamba maa kalinli maa daa boogi ka di nyɛla bi laɣibobo yɛlmuɣisira la zuɣu,ni daadama ban gari million pirigili  daa yi Spain yuuni puuni 2011 konko -  bini daa lahi yi pa daa nyɛla yuuni pia din garila.^[73] Hali bini daa kuli mali yɛli mɔɣisira zaŋ chanŋ boma polo zaa yoli bi daa kuŋmi ni bi yɛli ba pa EU bilchinima ka bi tumdi tuma maa ni bi yima tiŋgbani maani,^[74]  saamba ban kperina tiŋ maa ni kalinli daa nyɛla ban shigi.^[75] Zaŋ chanŋ yuuni 2015 puuni, saamba maa kalinli maa daa lahi nyɛla din zoogi , ka Spain daa lahi lɛbi tiŋgbani shɛli saamba ni kperi pam, ka di nyɛmi ni gomlanti nuu n pa di zuɣu din yin chɛ ka bi nyɛ tumtumdiba  ka lahi kpaŋsi bi nyɛma.^[76] Sanchez's gomlanti mali niya ni O ti niriba ban kalinli yiŋsi 900,000 ban pan bilichinima maa zaa ʒii gbana zaŋ chanŋ yuuni 2027.^[77]

Spain nyɛla bala pam tiŋgbani.^[78] Spanish nyɛla din bɛ 1978 Spanish constitution n nyɛ castellano (Castilian) nyɛla balli shɛli bini sahi ti ni di nyɛla bal zuɣu tiŋgbani maa ni yuuni 1931 la saha zaa.^[79] Din nyɛ din pahiri ata bi zalisi puuni. Spanish bala shɛŋa gba ni tooi nyɛ bal zuɣu tiŋ shɛŋa puuni bini yɛri. Bi ni daa zaŋ bala shɛŋa ni bi pahi bal zuɣu maa zuɣu daa nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli n pahi bi 1978 zalisi kundi maa ni amaa ka di lɛi pa yim ni bal zuɣu maa, domishi Spanish nyɛla a ni tooi yɛli shɛli tiŋgbani maa yaɣa zaa amaa vis-à-vis bal shŋlɛŋa bini daa zaŋ n pahi maa daa nyɛla ani tooi yɛlai shɛŋa tiŋ shɛŋa ni di zuliya maa ni bɛ.^[80]

Spanish nyaaŋa, bala din pahi n nyɛ Aragonese, Aranese,Astur-Loenese, Basque, Ceutan Arabic (Darija), Catalan, Galician,Portuguese, Valencian mini Tamazight, dini n nyɛ Romani Caló ka buɣusibu gba nyɛ bini tooi zaŋ shɛli n pahi.^[81] Kalinli zaŋ chanŋ bala maa yɛlibu polo nyɛla din bi konkoba, ka din milinsi ni niriba gba wali. Bal shɛŋa din di ka yaa maa nyɛla ban bi nyɛri gulibu.^[82] Bal shɛŋa bini mi bal zuɣu fɔŋ shɛla n nyɛ Catalan/Valencian, (Catalonia mini Baliaric Island bini mi shɛli Catalan la ni Valencian Community bi ni mi shɛli Vanecian), Galician ( din bɛ Galicia),  Basque ( di bɛ Basque tiŋgbani mini Navarre yaɣa shɛli Aranese din bɛ Catalonia.

National Statistics Institute  nim ni daa niŋ dadaama kalinbu yuuni 2021 la, lahabali daa yina n wuhi ni Spanish n nyɛ tuuli ban Yurili kalinli yiŋsi 81.53%,  ka Catalan/Valencians ni mi kalini nyɛ 10.50%, Galician nim mi nyɛ 3.77% n ti pahi Basque  ban mi nyɛ 1.42% Spanish niriba ni. Tiŋduya bala puuni Arabic ka bi yɛri pam, kalinli 2.17% n yɛri li,  ka di nyɛ tuuli tiŋduya bala puuni, din doli n nyɛ siliminsili ban yɛri kalinli nyɛla 1.58%, Romania daa nyɛla 1.44%, French 0.98%, Portuguese nyɛ 0.54%, Chinese nyɛ 0.48%, German nyɛ 0.44% n ti pahi Italian ka bi mi nyɛ 0.41%.^[83] Daliri din tahi lala tiŋduya bala ŋɔ maa na nyɛ tiŋduya ni ban go n kana.^[84]

Spanish nyɛla  balli din pahiri ayi duniya zaa bini yɛri balli shɛli ka lahi nyɛ  Roman balli shɛli bini yɛri pan duniya zaa.^[85]

Spain tiŋgbani shikuru nyɛla yoli ni talahi n ti bihi ban bɛ yuma ayɔbu zaŋ chanŋ yuun pia ni ayɔbu. Saha ŋɔ shikuru maa soya na nyɛla din doli yuuni 2006 educational law,LOE ( Ley Orgánica de Educatión) bɛ Fundamental Law of Education.^[86] Yuuni 2014 puuni LOE daa nyɛla bini labi mali ka taɣadi yuli maa LOMCE zaligu (Ley Orgánica para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa) bɛ  Fundamental law of the Improvement of the Education System, ka  bi daa bolidili Ley Wert (Wert Law).^[87] Yuuni 1970 zaŋ gbaagi yuuni 2014,  Spain nyɛla di mali zalisi din gbebi bi shikuriti balibu  ( LGE, LOECE, LODE, LOGSE, LOPEG,LOE mini LOMCE)

Bi shikuriti maa yaɣa n nyɛ bi bihi baligu yaɣali ( preschool), ban zoona bɛla ( primary education) yaɣali,^[88] secondary shikuru yaɣali^[89] n ti pahi post - 16 - education ( ban yuma gari yuun pia ni ayɔbu zuɣu).^[90] Di yi kana shikuru yaɣa shɛli bini bolo Professional development shikuru bɛ Vocationa shikuru  yaɣali din nyɛla din pirigi buta zuɣu ka chɛ University shikurula, din n nyɛ Formacóin Profesional  Básica ( dini n nyɛ basic vocational education), the Ciclo Formative de Grado Medio bɛ CFGM (medium level vocation education, ka a ni tooi chanŋli ayi naagi secondary shikuru n ti pahi CicloFormative de Grado Superior bɛ CFGS( high level vocational education) ka ani tooi chanŋli di yi niŋ ka a naagi Post 16 education level la.^[91]

Programme for international Students Assessment  (PISA), OECD nu ni pashɛli zuɣu la nyɛla din bɛ tooni di yi kana baŋsim mini tuumbaŋsim polo Spanish puuni, yuun pia ni anu ni ka di nyɛ din do tiŋ ni OECD karimbu, laasabu malibu yaɣali mini science kalinli din nyɛ 493^[92][93]

Spain alaafee tuma yili ni (Spanish National Health System) nyɛla din pahi din gahim puuni duniya ni, World Health Organization ni zaŋ limi n suŋ kalinli ayopoin ni  duniya zaa. Bi alaafee tuma duri nyɛla sokam ni ni tooi chanŋ shɛli,  ka di lahi nyɛ yoli n ti tiŋgbani maa bilichinima.^[94] Bini diri shɛm n niŋdi alaafee ni nyɛla 9.4% GDP puuni, din gari 9.3% bɛla OECD puuni. Spain nim nyɛvilli waɣalim nyɛla din pahi yuma 79.1 yuuni 2000 puuni hali bi Yama 82.7 yuuni 2021 puuni.^[95]

Roman Catholicism din n nyɛ adiini kuri  Spain, nyɛla din mali salo pam. Hali din kuli lahi ka zaashɛi  zalisi puuni,  amaa gomlanti shikuru kam din bɛ Spain ni,  shikuru bihi maa nyɛla ban piiri adiini bɛ zuliya Karim zuŋ. Catholicism nyɛla adiini shɛli bini tooi wuhiri pam, hali misilisi wuhibu,^[96] Judaism^[97] mini envangelical Christianity^[98]wuhibu gba nyɛla din bɛ zaligu puuni. Saha ŋɔ vihigu mini lahabali wuhiya ni salo maa puuni kalinli ban yiŋsi 30% nyɛla ban ka adiini shɛli ni.^{[99][100][101]}

Spanish zaligu nyɛla din gu ka taɣi, kalahi ka yaɣali adiini puuni, ka lahi nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli ani tooi piigi adiini bɛ soli shɛli ani bora, ka lahi yɛli ni di bi tu ni a gan adiini shɛli, ka bi zaa mali nagbanyini. Protestant chichi nim mali daadama ban kalinli nyɛ 1,200,000,^[102] ka Jehovah Witness nim mali 105,000 niriba, bini boli chichi shɛli Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints nim mi maa kamani niriba 46,000 ban piri kamani 133.^[103]

Spanish Center for Sociological Research (CIS) vihigu wuhiya ni kɔbiga puuni vaabu 36.6% nyɛ spaniards ban ka Catholic puuni, ka 18.8% nyɛ ban nyɛ catholic, 3.6% mi nyɛla ban doli addini din pahi kama( Musilisi, Protestant kristiɛniti, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism ni ban pahi) ka kɔbiga puuni 39% nyɛla ban ka adiini, dun mi n nyɛ atheists (15.8%), ban ka bini bɛ shɛli (12%), bɛ agnostics (11.2%) silimi gɔli Aoril 2025.d

Spanairds ŋɔ pan nyɛla ban bi kpaŋsiri bakoi adiini jama la ni, silimi gɔli July yuuni 2021maa ni vihigu daa yina wuhi ni Spanairds ban daa boli bi maŋ kristiɛn maa, bi kalinli din yiŋsi  36% daa nyɛla bi ban daa na ʒin chanŋ chichi, 20.8% daa nyɛla ban chan ka bi chana, kalinli 19% n daa nyɛ ban Chandi mali kalinli yuuni pulini,ka 6.8% mi nyɛ ban chana buyi bɛ buta gɔli puuni, 13.4% mi n daa nyɛ nivuɣu shɛba ban chana alahari dalikam ni bi ti ka tuma, 2.9% mi nyɛ ban chana alahari dali ko.^[104]  Yuuni 2021 maa vihigu dindaa niŋ ni di zaham bi eemaani, ban daa chani saha shɛŋa yuuni puuni kalinli daa nyɛla 17.3% salo maani, ka bab chana gɔli puuni Dabsa shɛŋa mi nyɛ 9.3%, ban daa chana alahari dali kam mi kalinli nyɛ 14.9%, ba mi chani pam bakoi puuni maa mi nyɛ 4.3%.

Judaism daa nyɛla din ka Spain yuuni 1492 sahala, nahala 19th century, bini daa lahi sahi ka Jews kpena tiŋ maa ni. Saha ŋɔ Jews nim kalinli pa yiŋsila 62,000 bɛ 0.14% salo maa puuni Spain tiŋgbani.

Spain nyɛla tuŋgbani shɛli din bɛ Western tiŋgbana ni ka nyɛ Latin tiŋgbana maa puuni zaɣa yini Europe, ka din nyɛ bini mi tiŋ shɛli ka di mali zaŋsim ni tiŋduya kaya.^[105] Spanish kaya nyɛla din mali taarihi kpeni ka di tabi Catholic cheechi din mali nu tinbu ni tiŋgbani maa zalibu ni ni di baŋbu ni. Spanish baŋsim, mɛbu, bindira, mini biŋkumda zaa nyɛla ban daa su tiŋgbani saha waɣala nu ni bɛ shɛli ni, n ti pahi Mediterranean tiŋgbani climate  mini bi yaɣali  ma gba mali nu timbu. Bi ni daa bɛ sulinsi ni yuugi maa daa chɛmi ka bi bali mini bi Kali maa wuligi gili, ka Spain gba daa nyɛ ban dɛigi Kali shɛŋa mini dabiligu nima empire shɛŋa ni. Tum Spanish Golden Age, Spanish baŋsim, mɛbu, biŋkumda, boobu, literature mini bindira nyɛla duniya zaa zaŋsim ni bɛ shɛli kamani Western Europe mini Americas.^[106][107] Spain nyɛla din pahiri ayi zuɣu di yi kana tiŋgbani shɛli niriba ni kaagi pam, bi World Heritage site nyɛla din kalinli galisi ka lahi nyɛ tiŋ shɛli Europeans shikuru bihi ni tooi bɛ.^{[108][109][110]} Niriba zaŋsim ni bɛ bi kali ŋɔ ni ŋɔ chɛmi ka niriba ban Kalinin yiŋsi 600 miliyoŋ nyɛ Hispanophone, ka di chɛ ka Spanish nyɛ din pahiri ayi duniya zaa di yi kana balli shɛli niriba pam ni yɛri shɛli, ka nyɛ din kanina tuuli din kana Roamace bala polo.^[85]

Tankpaɣu n-nyɛ bɛ ni tooi mali mɛri binyɛra pam Spain (di bahi bahindi tiŋgbanu maa East polo, bɛ ni bɛ binyɛra balibu pam zali shɛli polo).Kamani ŋmahinli, "Islamicate" mɛbu, din nyɛ Musulinima ni mɛri shɛli nyɛla bɛ ni daa mɛ shɛŋa "Middle Ages" tinsi ni kamani Córdoba, Seville, bee Granada. Lala n lahi nyɛli Maghreb, stucco nachintɛri din niŋ Al-Andalus nyɛla mɛbu nachiinsi din pili "Middle Ages."

Yaha, Asori nim gba nyɛla ban pili bɛ gba dina mɛbu; Bɛ daa tooi zooi la "Gothic" nim mɛbu. Din nyɛ bɛ ni daa booni shɛli "Mudéjar" mɛbu nyɛla din daa buɣisiri Musulinima mɛbu, Dolodolo nim mini "Jews" tiŋgbani shɛŋa Musulinima ni daa fa.

Biɛhigu taɣibu nyɛla din ʒi taɣibu na pam "20th century." Mɛbu din yaa zooi Barcelona. Di tiŋ'duya kpamba shɛba n daa nyɛ GATEPAC. Spain pa taɣirilamɛbu kamani Rafael Moneo, Santiago Calatrava, Ricardo Bofill ni mɛri shɛm.

Kamani ŋmahinli, "Islamicate" mɛbu, din nyɛ Musulinima ni mɛri shɛli nyɛla bɛ ni daa mɛ shɛŋa "Middle Ages" tinsi ni kamani Córdoba, Seville, bee Granada. Lala n lahi nyɛli Maghreb, stucco nachintɛri din niŋ Al-Andalus nyɛla mɛbu nachiinsi din pili "Middle Ages."

Spain binkumda mini flamenco chaŋmi ti ŋmani taba,

West Andalusian binkumda balishɛli, din dii bi yɛligi gili tiŋgbani maa zaa.^[112]Binkumda balibu pam beni. "Pop, rock, hip hop" ni "heavy metal" gba nyɛla din niŋ bayana.

Binkumda pubu puuni, Spain nyɛla din wumsi binkumdi ŋmɛriba pam kamani Isaac Albéniz, Manuel de Falla ni Enrique Granados ni baansi mini wa' wariba kamani Plácido Domingo, José Carreras, Montserrat Caballé, Alicia de Larrocha, Alfredo Kraus, Pablo Casals, Ricardo Viñes, José Iturbi, Pablo de Sarasate, Jordi Savall ni Teresa Berganza. Spain binkumda balibu kamani Orquestra Simfònica de Barcelona, Orquesta Nacional de España n-ti pahi Orquesta Sinfónica de Madrid beni. Dɛma shɛhi beni kamani Teatro Real, Gran Teatre del Liceu, Teatro Arriaga n-ti pahi El Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía.

Ban bɔri yila yɛltɔɣa ninvuɣ'tuha lahi nyɛla ban gɔri chani Spain n-ti puhiri yila chuɣu Sónar ka ban tooi be din ni nyɛ "pop" mini "techno" kpɛrikpɛritiba, ni "Benicàssim. "^[113]

Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz nyɛla di puuni yini.^[114]

Spanish bindira nyɛla din yirina tiŋgbani yaɣa pam ni, kaya ni taɣada mini tiŋgbani namtɛri. Di tooi yirila kom ni na tiŋgnani maa kom ni, ka di wuhiri tiŋgbani maa ni mali kom shɛm. Spain nyɛla din mali binra balibu taarihi ni. Di bahi bahindi, bindira balibu dibaata yi polo:

Mediterranean Spain – teeku yaɣa, din gbaai Catalonia zaŋ chaŋ Andalusia –kom ni bindira zaŋ ku bukaata,kamani "pescaíto frito" (zahim chimda); ʒe' maha kamani "gazpacho"; ni shinkaafa bindira balibu kamani paella din yina Valencia^[115]mini arròs negre (shinkaafa sabinli) din yina Catalonia.^[116]Spain maŋmaŋa – "Castile"– ʒe' tula kamani "Castilian" ʒɛri, ni kpam kamani "cocido madrileño." Yɛlim ka bɛ tooi mali zaani bɛ bindira, kamani "Spanish ham", bee kamani "Manchego cheese."

Atlantic Spain – Tuduu teeeku yaɣil, n-ti tabili Asturian, Basque, Cantabrian ni Galician cuisine – ʒegbana mini zahim kpam kamani caldo gallego mini marmitako. Yaha, ni "lacón ham." Bɛ bindira pam tooi zooi la kom ni bindira, kamani Basque cod, albacore bee anchovy bee Galician octopus polbo á feira mini zahi din be wɔri ni bindira.

Tum bola balibu ni ŋmɛri Spain Roman saha, Spain dɛma ni yiɣ' jam yaa dalimla bolli polo tum "20th century." Real Madrid CF mini FC Barcelona nyɛla din bol'ŋmeri dundɔna din di nasara pam dunia.

Tiŋgbani maa paɣaba bol'ŋmɛri dundɔŋ daa kpuɣila jaashee din nyɛ "UEFA European Championship" yuma din gbaai 1964, 2008, 2012 ni 2024 n ti pahi "FIFA World Cup" yuuni 2010, ka ;lahi nyɛ bol'ŋmɛri dundɔŋ din kpuɣi kompateesa pa taba siɣim buta.^[119]Spain paɣaba ŋɔ daa kpuɣila "2023 FIFA Women's World Cup", ka pahi dunia yaaŋa zuɣu paɣa bol'ŋmɛri dundɔna dibaaanu din naa kpuɣu dunia bolli jaashee. Barcelona Femení nyɛla ban kpuɣu tiŋ' puuni bolo jaashɛhi pam.^[120]

"Basketball, tennis, cycling, handball, futsal, motorcycling" ni, pumpɔŋɔ na, "Formula One" gba nyɛla ban ni tooi ŋme nyɔɣu ni bɛ daa kpuɣi Spain jaashee. Saha ŋɔ, Spain nyɛla dunia bolli yaa shee, di bahi bahindi tum yuuni "1992 Summer Olympics" mini "Paralympics" din daa niŋ Barcelona, ka di daa zaŋ niriba zaɣa pam chaŋ dɛma ni yiɣijam ni. Di ninliha lihibu yaɣa gba nyɛla ban sɔŋsi mali dɛma ni yiɣ' jam yaɣa, di bahi bahindi kom dɛma ni yiɣ' jam, "golf" mini "skiing".Di tiŋgbani yaɣa ni, 'Basque pelota' mini Valencian pilota dɛma ni yiɣ' jam nyɛla din niŋ bayana.^[121][122]

din nye Vuhim dabisa balibu din niŋdi Spain nyɛla Adiini yaɣili,tiŋgbani zaa mini tiŋ puuni nim ni tiri shɛŋa. Spain tiŋgbani dabisili (Fiesta Nacional de España) nyɛla din puhiri October goli biɛɣu pinaayi.^[123][124]

Churi mini churi yɛla pam nyɛla din be Spain. Din niŋ bayana pam n-nyɛ San Fermín, Pamplona.^[125]

Churi din pahi shɛŋa n-nyɛ La Tomatina kamantoonsi chuɣu din puhiri Buñol, Valencia, Canary Islands, Falles din be Valencia bee Holy Week din niŋdi Andalusia mini Castile ni León. Yaɣili kam mali soli ni bɛ tooi ti vuhim dabisa kamani pinaanahi yuuni puli ni; tiŋgbani gɔmnanti tooi tiri paari kamani dibaa awɔi lala kalinli ŋɔ puuni ka tiŋ' puuni nim mi ni tooi piigi kamani dibaayi.^[126]