Thušo:Table - Wikipedia, Ensaeklopedia ya mahala
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For a basic introduction, see
Help:Wikitable
. For style considerations, see
Wikipedia:Manual of Style (tables)
Wiki markup
Basic markup
Text, links, and talk pages
Visual files
Sound files
Tables
Template editing
Using HTML
wikitable
is an arrangement of columns and rows used to organize and position data. Tables are useful for this purpose and there are many different styles and tricks that can be used to customise each. This page gives you information about syntax to build wikitables in Wikipedia.
Using the toolbar
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Vector toolbar - default
Monobook toolbar
To automatically insert a table, click
or
(Insert a table) on the
edit toolbar
. If "Insert a table" is not on the toolbar follow
these directions
to add it.
The following text is inserted when
Insert a table
is clicked:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Header 1
! Header 2
! Header 3
|-
| row 1, cell 1
| row 1, cell 2
| row 1, cell 3
|-
| row 2, cell 1
| row 2, cell 2
| row 2, cell 3
|-
| row 3, cell 1
| row 3, cell 2
| row 3, cell 3
|}
Header 1
Header 2
Header 3
row 1, cell 1
row 1, cell 2
row 1, cell 3
row 2, cell 1
row 2, cell 2
row 2, cell 3
row 3, cell 1
row 3, cell 2
row 3, cell 3
The sample text ("Header 1" or "row 1, cell 1") is to be replaced with actual data.
Pipe syntax tutorial
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Column heading 1
Column heading 2
Column heading 3
Row heading 1
Cell 2
Cell 3
Row heading A
Cell B
Cell C
Although HTML table syntax also works, special
wikicode
can be used as a shortcut to create a table. The pipe (
vertical bar
) codes function exactly the same as
HTML table
markup, so a knowledge of HTML table code will help in understanding pipe code. The shortcuts are as follows:
The entire table is encased with curly brackets and a vertical bar character (a pipe). So use
{|
to begin a table, and
|}
to end it. Each one needs to be on its own line:
{|
table code goes here
|}
An optional
table caption
is included with a line starting with a vertical bar and plus sign "
|+
" and the caption after it:
{|
|+
caption
table code goes here
|}
To start a new
table
row
, type a vertical bar and a
hyphen
on its own line: "
|-
". The codes for the cells in that row will start on the next line.
{|
|+
The table's caption
|-
row code goes here
|-
next row code goes here
|}
Type the codes for each
table
cell
in the next row, starting with a bar:
{|
|+
The table's caption
|-
cell code goes here
|-
next row cell code goes here
next cell code goes here
|}
Cells can be separated with either a new line and new bar, a new line and a double bar, or by a double bar "
||
" on the same line. All three produce the same output:
{|
|+
The table's caption
|-
|Cell 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
|Cell A
|Cell B
|Cell C
|}
Cell code that contains a single bar in the text will fail to render as expected: cell code between the first two single bars, or between a double bar and the first single bar becomes (optional) row formatting code. Leaving it blank has the effect of merging single bars into the text:
{| border="1"
|-
|format modifier (not displayed)
These all
(including the pipes)
go into
the first cell||second cell
|-
|format
These all
||
format
go into
the second cell
|}
which is probably not what you expected:
These all |(including the pipes)|go into |the first cell
second cell
These all
go into|the second cell
However, the format modifier is useful:
{| border="1"
|-
| Cell 1 (no modifier
— not aligned)
|-
| align="right" | Cell 2 (right aligned)
|}
Cell 1 (no modifier
— not aligned)
Cell 2 (right aligned)
Just remember: no more than 2 single pipes on a line!
a row of
column headings
is identified by using "! scope="col" |" instead of "|", and using "!! scope="col" |" instead of "||". Header cells typically render differently from regular cells, depending on the browser. They are often rendered in a bold font and centered.
{|
|+
The table's caption
! scope="col" | Column heading 1
! scope="col" | Column heading 2
! scope="col" | Column heading 3
|-
| Cell 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
| Cell A
| Cell B
| Cell C
|}
the first cell of a row is identified as a
row heading
by starting the line with "! scope="row" |" instead of "|", and starting subsequent data cells on a new line.
{|
|+
The table's caption
! scope="col" | Column heading 1
! scope="col" | Column heading 2
! scope="col" | Column heading 3
|-
! scope="row" | Row heading 1
| Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
! scope="row" | Row heading A
| Cell B
| Cell C
|}
Optional
parameters
can modify the behavior of cells, rows, or the entire table. For instance, a border could be added to the table:
{|
border="1"
|+
The table's caption
! scope="col" | Column heading 1
! scope="col" | Column heading 2
! scope="col" | Column heading 3
|-
! scope="row" | Row heading 1
| Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
! scope="row" | Row heading A
| Cell B
| Cell C
|}
The final table would display like this:
The table's caption
Column heading 1
Column heading 2
Column heading 3
Row heading 1
Cell 2
Cell 3
Row heading A
Cell B
Cell C
The table parameters and cell parameters are the same as in
HTML
, see
and
Table (HTML)
. However, the
colgroup
and
col
elements are currently not
supported in MediaWiki
Thead
tbody
and
tfoot
are supported from Mediawiki version 1.18 on ( Current version on Wikipedia:
1.46.0-wmf.24 (a5e648f)
).
A table can be useful even if none of the cells have content. For example, the background colors of cells can be changed with cell parameters, making the table into a diagram, like
meta:Template talk:Square 8x8 pentomino example
. An "image" in the form of a table is much more convenient to edit than an uploaded image.
Each row must have the same number of cells as the other rows, so that the number of columns in the table remains consistent. For empty cells, use the non-breaking space
nbsp;
as content to ensure that the cells are displayed. To show a visible pipe in a cell, use
nowiki>|
/nowiki>
or
#124;
With colspan and rowspan cells can span several columns or rows, see the
Mélange
example below. However, this has the disadvantage that
sorting
does not work properly anymore.
Examples
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Simple example
lokiša
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Both of these generate the same output. Choose a style based on the number of cells in each row and the total text inside each cell.
The wiki markup code:
{|
| A
| B
|-
| C
| D
|}
{|
| A || B
|-
| C || D
|}
As it appears in a browser (note that there are no borders):
Multiplication table
lokiša
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Here is the wiki markup code:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 200px; height: 200px;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope="col" | ×
! scope="col" | 1
! scope="col" | 2
! scope="col" | 3
|-
! scope="row" | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope="row" | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope="row" | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope="row" | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope="row" | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
As it appears in a browser (see
Help:User style
):
Multiplication table
12
10
15
Color; scope of parameters
lokiša
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Two ways of specifying
color
of text and background for a single cell are as follows. The first form is preferred because the second form uses deprecated HTML:
The wiki markup code:
{|
| style="background: red; color: white" | abc
| def
| bgcolor="red" | ghi
| jkl
|}
As it appears in a browser:
abc
def
ghi
jkl
Like other parameters, colors can also be specified for a whole row or the whole table; parameters for a row override the value for the table, and those for a cell override those for a row. (Note that there is no easy way to specify a color for a whole column—each cell in the column must be individually specified. Tools can make it easier.):
The wiki markup code:
{| style="background: yellow; color: green"
|-
| abc || def || ghi
|- style="background: red; color: white"
| jkl || mno || pqr
|-
| stu || style="background: silver" | vwx || yz
|}
As it appears in a browser:
abc
def
ghi
jkl
mno
pqr
stu
vwx
yz
To make the table blend in with the background, use
style="background: none;"
or
style="background: transparent;"
. (Warning:
style="background: inherit;"
, does not work with some browsers, including IE6!)
To force a cell to match one of the default colors of the
class="wikitable"
template
, use
style="background: #f2f2f2"
for the darker header, and
style="background: #f9f9f9"
for the lighter body.
See
style
background
list of colors
web colors
Width, height
lokiša
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The width and height of the whole table can be specified, as well as the height of a row. To specify the width of a column one can specify the width of an arbitrary cell in it. If the width is not specified for all columns, and/or the height is not specified for all rows, then there is some ambiguity, and the result depends on the browser.
The wiki markup code:
{| style="width: 75%; height: 200px" border="1"
|-
| abc || def || ghi
|- style="height: 100px;"
| jkl || style="width: 200px;" | mno || pqr
|-
| stu || vwx || yz
|}
As it appears in a browser:
abc
def
ghi
jkl
mno
pqr
stu
vwx
yz
Note that
style="
inline CSS
has no effect with some browsers. If compatibility is important, equivalent older constructs like
width="75%"
should work on more browsers.
Setting column widths
lokiša
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To force column widths to specific requirements, rather than accepting the width of the widest text element in a column's cells, follow this example. Note that
wrap-around of text
is forced.
The wiki markup code:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
! scope="col" width="50" | Name
! scope="col" width="225" | Effect
! scope="col" width="225" | Games Found In
|-
| Poké Ball || Regular Poké Ball || All Versions
|-
| Great Ball || Better than a Poké Ball || All Versions
|}
Name
Effect
Games Found In
Poké Ball
Regular Poké Ball
All Versions
Great Ball
Better than a Poké Ball
All Versions
To set column widths in a table without headers, specify the width in the first cell for each column, like this:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| width="100pt" | This column is 100 points wide
| width="200pt" | This column is 200 points wide
| width="300pt" | This column is 300 points wide
|-
| blah || blih || bluh
|}
This column is 100 points wide
This column is 200 points wide
This column is 300 points wide
blah
blih
bluh
One application of setting the widths is aligning columns of consecutive tables:
Country
Capital
The Netherlands
Amsterdam
Country
Capital
France
Paris
Nowrap
lokiša
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In a table that spans the entire width of a page, cells narrower than the widest cell tend to wrap. To keep an entire column from wrapping, use
style=white-space:nowrap
in a non-header cell on the longest/widest cell to affect the entire column.
Before:
Episode
Date
Summary
"The Journey Begins"
January 1, 2010
Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
"When Episodes Attack"
January 8, 2010
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
"So Long"
January 15, 2010
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
After:
Episode
Date
Summary
"The Journey Begins"
January 1, 2010
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
"When Episodes Attack"
January 8, 2010
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
"So Long"
January 15, 2010
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Setting borders
lokiša
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Table borders default to a complex shaded double-line (the default in HTML); however, those borders can be set to a thin solid line by using a style-parameter (style="border: 1px solid darkgray"), as in the following (
Note: if you intend to use the 'cellpadding' or 'cellspacing' options along with a border, you MUST use this format
):
{| cellpadding="2" style="border: 1px solid darkgray;"
! width="140" | Left
! width="150" | Middle
! width="130" | Right
|- border="0"
| [[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px]]
| [[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Caption when mouse-over image]]
| [[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green stellar icon]]
|- align="center"
| Bronze star || Gold star || Green star
|}
Note the bottom-row texts are centered by 'align="center"' while star-images were not centered.
Left
Middle
Right
Bronze star
Gold star
Green star
As long as the "Image:" specs omit the parameter "thumb|" they will not show the caption lines in the table (only during mouse-over). The border color "darkgray" matches typical tables or infoboxes in articles; however, it could be any color name (such as style="border: 1px solid darkgreen;") or use a hex-color (such as: #DDCCBB).
A column format-specifier (enclosed in "|...|") can have a style-parameter to set borders on each cell, as follows:
{| cellpadding="2" style="border: 1px solid darkgray;"
! width="140" | Left
! width="150" | Middle
! width="130" | Right
|- align="center"
| style="border: 1px solid blue;"|
[[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px]]
| style="border: 1px solid #777777;"|
[[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Caption when mouse-over image]]
| style="border: 1px solid #22AA55;"|
[[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green stellar icon]]
|- align="center"
|Bronze star || Gold star || Green star
|}
Note only the image cells, here, have individual borders, not the text.
Left
Middle
Right
Bronze star
Gold star
Green star
The lower hex-colors (such as: #616161) are closer to black. Typically, all borders in a table would be one specific color.
Vertical alignment
lokiša
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By default data in tables is vertically centrally aligned, which results in odd-looking layouts like this:
Row heading
A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.
short text
Row heading
Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Imagine someone scrolling down the page, seeing the tops of "empty" columns, and wondering why they're empty. Use "
valign=top
" to align text at the top of columns.
short text
To fix this, apply the valign="top" attribute to the rows (unfortunately it seems to be necessary to apply this individually to every single row). For example:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" width="400"
|- valign="top"
! scope="row" width="10%" | Row heading
| width="70%" | A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum...
| width="20%" | short text
|- valign="top"
! scope="row" | Row heading
| Excepteur sint occaecat...
| short text
|}
Row heading
A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.
short text
Row heading
Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Imagine someone scrolling down the page, seeing the tops of "empty" columns, and wondering why they're empty. Use "
valign=top
" to align text at the top of columns.
short text
Cell content indenting
lokiša
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The contents of a cell can be indented using a CSS style of
padding-left
. For example:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| Cell content that is not indented || 1
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em" | Indented content || 2
|}
Cell content that is not indented
Indented content
Positioning
lokiša
edit source
You can position the table itself, the contents of a row, and the contents of a cell, but not with a single parameter for all the contents of the table. See
m:Template talk:Table demo
Prior to April 2009, using "float" to position a table was discouraged; however, it no longer always breaks page rendering at large font sizes. See a floated image, below, under "
Floating images in the center
".
Mélange
lokiša
edit source
Note: This example is not
accessible
, and should be avoided as much as possible. For example, nested tables (tables inside tables) should be separated into distinct tables when possible.
Here is a more advanced example, showing some more options available for making up tables. Note however that with colspan and rowspan
sorting
does not work properly anymore.
Users can play with these settings in their own table to see what effect they have. Not all of these techniques may be appropriate in all cases; just because colored backgrounds can be added, for example, does not mean it is always a good idea. Try to keep the markup in tables relatively simple—remember, other people are going to be editing the article too! This example should give an idea of what is possible, though.
The wiki markup code:
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|+ '''An example table'''
|-
! style="background: #efefef;" | First header
! colspan="2" style="background: #ffdead;" | Second header
|-
| upper left
|
| rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: 3px solid grey;" valign="top" |
right side
|-
| style="border-bottom: 3px solid grey;" | lower left
| style="border-bottom: 3px solid grey;" | lower middle
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" |
{| border="0"
|+ ''A table in a table''
|-
| align="center" width="150" | [[File:Wiki.png]]
| align="center" width="150" | [[File:Wiki.png]]
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px solid red; border-right: 1px solid red; border-bottom: 2px solid red; border-left: 1px solid red;" |
Two Wikipedia logos
|}
|}
As it appears in a browser:
An example table
First header
Second header
upper left
right side
lower left
lower middle
A table in a table
Seswantšho:Wiki.png
Seswantšho:Wiki.png
Two Wikipedia logos
Floating table
lokiša
edit source
The wiki markup coding:
This paragraph is before the table. Lorem ipsum dolor sit
amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod...
{| style="float: right;" border="1"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
Note the floating-table to the right.
This paragraph is after the table. The text in column 2
will span both rows due to format specifier "rowspan=2" so there
is no coding for "Col 2" in the 2nd row, just: Col 1 & Col 3.
As it appears in a browser:
This paragraph is before the table. Lorem ipsum dolor sit
amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod...
Col 1, row 1
Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
Col 3, row 1
Col 1, row 2
Col 3, row 2
Note the floating-table to the right.
This paragraph is after the table. The text in column 2
will span both rows due to format specifier "rowspan=2" so there
is no coding for "Col 2" in the 2nd row, just: Col 1 & Col 3.
Floating images in the center
lokiša
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A table can be used to wrap an image, so that the table can float towards the center of the page (such as using: style="float: right;"). However, the table margins, border and font-size must be precisely set to match a typical image display. The Image-spec parameter "thumb|" (although auto-thumbnailing to user-preference width) forces a wide left-margin that squeezes the nearby text, so the parameter "center|" can be added to suppress the left-margin padding. However, "center" sometimes shoves the caption to a 2nd line (under a centered box "[]"), so "thumb|" could be omitted and just hard-code the image size, adding a gray (#BBB) border. Using precise parameters to match other images, a floating-image table can be coded as follows:
{| style="float: right; border: 1px solid #BBB; margin: .46em 0 0 .2em;"
|- style="font-size: 86%;"
| valign="top" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg|180px]]
Temple of [[Bel (mythology)|Bel]] (floating).
|}
The text inside the floating-table is sized by style="font-size: 86%;". That floating-image table floats a typical image-box, but allows adjusting the left-hand margin of the image (see temple-example floating below).
Infobox A
This sample infobox shows how the floating image-box aligns toward the center.
Temple of
Bel
(floating).
This table shows the implicit margins of
Images using "right".
The caption-text can be omitted, or remove the parameter "thumb|" so the caption is hidden until "mouse-over display". Unfortunately the parameter "thumb|" (used for displaying the caption) also controls the auto-thumbnailing to re-size images by user-preferences size. In April 2009, it was not possible to have auto-thumbnail sizing while also concealing the caption: parameter "thumb|" triggers both actions and forces the caption to display.
An image set with parameter "left|" will gain a wide right-side margin (opposite margin of parameter "right|"), so floating toward the left would require an image set as "center|" inside a table with style="float:left; margin:0.46em 0.2em".
Recall that, outside an image-table, the parameter "right|" causes an image to align (either) above or below an infobox, but would not float alongside the infobox.
Note the
order of precedence
: first come infoboxes or images using "right|", then come the floating-tables, and lastly, any text will wrap that can still fit. If the first text-word is too long, no text will fit to complete the left-hand side, so beware creating a "ragged left margin" when not enough space remains for text to fit alongside floating-tables.
If multiple single image-tables are stacked, they will float to align across the page, depending on page-width. The text will be squeezed to allow as many floating-tables as can fit, as auto-aligned, then wrap whatever text (can still fit) at the left-hand side.
...by float: right
...images wrap...
All these...
That auto-aligning feature can be used to create a "floating-gallery" of images: a set of 20 floating-tables will wrap (backward, right-to-left) as if each table were a word of text to wrap across and down the page. To wrap in the typical direction (wrapping left-to-right) define all those floating-tables, instead, as left-side tables using the top parameter style="float:left; margin:0.46em 0.2em". Multiple floating-images empower more flexible typesetting of images around the text.
Nested tables
lokiša
edit source
Note: because they cause
accessibility issues
, nested tables should be avoided whenever possible.
Seven different (blue) tables are shown nested inside the cells of a table. Automatically the two tables |A| and |B|B| are vertically aligned instead of the usual side by side of text characters in a cell. "float" is used to fix each of tables |C| and |D| to their own position within one cell of the table. This may be used for charts and schemes.
Nested tables must start on a new line.
Wiki markup
{|
border="1"
alpha;
| style="text-align: center;"| cell2
{|
border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF;"
| NESTED
|-
| TABLE
|}
| style="vertical-align:bottom;"| the original table again
| style="width:100px;" |
{|
border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF;"
| A
|}
{|
border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF;"
| B || B
|}
| style="width:50px;" |
{|
border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF; float:left;"
| C
|}
{|
border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF; float: right;"
| D
|}
|}
As it appears in a browser
cell2
NESTED
TABLE
the original table again
Combined use of COLSPAN and ROWSPAN
lokiša
edit source
Wiki markup
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|-
| Column 1 || Column 2 || Column 3
|-
| rowspan="2" | A
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | B
|-
| C
| D
|-
| E
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | F
|-
| G
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | H
|}
As it appears in a browser
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Note that using
rowspan="2"
for cell
combined with
rowspan="3"
for cell
to get another row below
and
won't work, because all (implicit) cells would be empty.
Likewise complete columns are not displayed if all their cells are empty. Borders between non-empty and empty cells might be also not displayed (depending on the browser), use
nbsp;
to fill an empty cell with dummy content.
Centering tables
lokiša
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Centered tables can be achieved, but they will not "float"; that is to say, no text will appear to either side. The trick is
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
Wiki markup
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|+ '''Cells left-aligned, table centered'''
! scope="col" | Duis
! scope="col" | aute
! scope="col" | irure
|-
| dolor || in reprehenderit || in voluptate velit
|-
| esse cillum dolore || eu fugiat nulla || pariatur.
|}
As it appears in a browser
Cells left-aligned, table centered
Duis
aute
irure
dolor
in reprehenderit
in voluptate velit
esse cillum dolore
eu fugiat nulla
pariatur.
Setting parameters
lokiša
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At the start of a cell, add your parameter followed by a single pipe. For example
width="300"|
will set that cell to a width of 300 pixels. To set more than one parameter, leave a space between each one, as follows:
{| style="color:white"
|-
| bgcolor="red"|cell1 || width="300" bgcolor="blue"|cell2
| bgcolor="green"|cell3
|}
As it appears in a browser:
cell1
cell2
cell3
Tiny tables within a text line
lokiša
edit source
For years in
HTML
, a table has always forced an implicit line-wrap (or
line-break
), so to keep a table within a line, the work-around is to put all text into a table, then embed a table-within-a-table, using the outer table to force the whole line to stay together. Consider the following examples:
Wikicode (
showing table forces line-break
):
* This is a test table here
| HELLO WORLD |
Result:
This is a test table here
HELLO WORLD
followed by this text afterward.
Wikicode (
table-within-table
):
*
| This is a test table here |
| followed by this text afterward. |
Result:
This is a test table here
HELLO WORLD
followed by this text afterward.
This line is more text after the outer table.
Use style="font-size:60%" to shrink the text within the box. However, the small text could be replaced with small images (aligned inside the inner table). The outer table is for one line only, so to make a 2nd line appear even, the exact length of line 1 must be pre-determined, to match the length of other lines.
Decimal point alignment
lokiša
edit source
A method to get columns of numbers aligned at the decimal point is as follows:
{| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
| align="right" | 432 || .1
|-
| align="right" | 43 || .21
|-
| align="right" | 4 || .321
|}
As it appears in a browser:
432
.1
43
.21
.321
If the column of numbers appears in a table with cell padding or cell spacing, you can still align the decimal points without an unsightly gap in the middle. Embed a table in each number's cell and specify its column widths. Make the embedded tables' column widths the same for each cell in the column. (If decimal points are still misaligned using this method, the main table's column may be too narrow. Add a parameter to increase the column's width.)
The wiki markup code:
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="2"
{| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100"
| align="right" width="50%"| 432 || width="50%" | .1
|}
|-
{| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100"
| align="right" width="50%"| 43 || width="50%" | .21
|}
|-
{| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100"
| align="right" width="50%" | 4 || width="50%" | .321
|}
|}
As it appears in a browser:
432
.1
43
.21
.321
In the case of preformatted text, you can dispense with the table feature entirely and simply start the lines with a space, and put spaces to position the numbers:
432.1
43.21
4.321
However, there should be a good reason to use pre-formatted text in an article.
Cladograms
lokiša
edit source
There's full documentation at
{{
Clade
}}
and
{{
Cladex
}}
If you write this
{{cot|Example showing various things to avoid|expand=true}}
{{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:85%
|label1=Example label One, can now have spaces that are not nbsp_types
|1=Example text One can have spaces
|5=Example text 5 can be placed out of order making it harder to edit later, please don't do this.
|label2=example_subclade
|2={{clade
|label1=example label with spaces
|1=subitem1 for this clade
|2=subitem2
|3=subitem3
}}
|label3=example_subclade_2
|3={{clade
|label1=subitem1_missing_but_with_label
|2=subitem2
|label3=subitem3_is_a_subclade_of_subclade2
|3={{clade
|1=subitemA
|2=subitemB
|label3=you_don't_have_to_give_every_item_a_number but_you_can't_control_labels_easily
|3={{clade
|1=subitem1 can't be seen
|2=subitem2 can't be seen
|label2=this_should_label_subitem2 (which doesn't show up) so it drops onto X
|label9=this_should_label_the_box (caused_by_a_space_before_the_data)
|Z|X|A|B|C|D|E|FGHIJK| FGHIJK|L|abcdefg
}}
}}
}}
|label4= mostly sensible clade
|4={{clade
|1=subitem1
|2=subitem2
|3=subitem3
|4={{clade
|label1=Gold star on blue
|1=[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x95px]]
|label2=an exploding [[Star]] is a
|2=[[Supernova]]
|label3=[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x95px]]images in labels move the line too far down.
|3={{clade
|1=subitem1
|2=subitem2
|3=subitem3
}}
}}
}} |label5=label for example text 5
|6= this is example text 6 - placed where Example text 5 should have gone in the edit tab
|label7=first label ignored
|label7=second label overwrites first
|7= Example item with no subclade but with two labels (that won't work)
|label8=example next set of subclades
|8={{clade
|1=subitem1
|2=subitem2
|3=subitem3
|label4=this label without nbsp type spaces pushes the line too far down
|4={{clade
|1=subitem1
|2=subitem2
|3=subitem3
}}
}}
}}
{{cob}}
it looks like this
Template:Cot
Example
label
One,
can
now
have
spaces
that
are
not
nbsp_types
Example text One can have spaces
example_subclade
example
label
with
spaces
subitem1 for this clade
subitem2
subitem3
example_subclade_2
subitem2
subitem3_is_a_subclade_of_subclade2
subitemA
subitemB
you_don't_have_to_give_every_item_a_number
but_you_can't_control_labels_easily
this_should_label_subitem2
(which
doesn't
show
up)
so
it
drops
onto
FGHIJK
this_should_label_the_box
(caused_by_a_space_before_the_data)
FGHIJK
abcdefg
mostly
sensible
clade
subitem1
subitem2
subitem3
Gold
star
on
blue
an
exploding
Star
is
Supernova
images
in
labels
move
the
line
too
far
down.
subitem1
subitem2
subitem3
label
for
example
text
Example text 5 can be placed out of order making it harder to edit later, please don't do this.
this is example text 6 - placed where Example text 5 should have gone in the edit tab
second
label
overwrites
first
Example item with no subclade but with two labels (that won't work)
example
next
set
of
subclades
subitem1
subitem2
subitem3
this
label
without
nbsp
type
spaces
pushes
the
line
too
far
down
subitem1
subitem2
subitem3
Template:Cob
Style classes
lokiša
edit source
Template:See Also
In the first line of table code, after the "{|", instead of specifying a style directly, you can also specify a
CSS
class. The style for this class can be specified in various ways:
in the software itself, per skin (for example the class
sortable
collectively for all users of one wiki in
MediaWiki:Common.css
(for example, on this and some other projects there is or was the class wikitable, later moved to
shared.css
separately per skin in
MediaWiki:Monobook.css
etc.
individually on one wiki in a user subpage
individually, but jointly for tables of the class concerned on all web pages, on the local computer of the user.
Instead of remembering table parameters, you just include an appropriate style class after the
{|
. This helps keep table formatting consistent, and can allow a single change to the class to fix a problem or enhance the look of all the tables that are using it at once. For instance, this:
{| cellpadding="2"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope="col" | ×
! scope="col" | 1
! scope="col" | 2
! scope="col" | 3
|-
! scope="row" | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope="row" | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope="row" | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope="row" | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope="row" | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
Multiplication table
12
10
15
becomes this:
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope="col" | ×
! scope="col" | 1
! scope="col" | 2
! scope="col" | 3
|-
! scope="row" | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope="row" | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope="row" | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope="row" | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope="row" | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
Multiplication table
12
10
15
simply by replacing inline CSS for the table by
class="wikitable"
. This is because the
wikitable
class in
MediaWiki:Common.css
contains a number of
table.wikitable
CSS
style rules. These are all applied at once when you mark a table with the class. You can then add additional style rules if desired. These override the class's rules, allowing you to use the class style as a base and build up on it:
Wiki markup
{| class="wikitable" style="font-style:italic; font-size:120%; border: 3px dashed red;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope="col" | ×
! scope="col" | 1
! scope="col" | 2
! scope="col" | 3
|-
! scope="row" | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope="row" | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope="row" | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope="row" | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope="row" | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
As it appears in a browser
Multiplication table
12
10
15
Notice that the table retains the gray background of the wikitable class, and the headers are still bold and centered. But now the text formatting has been overridden by the local
style
statement; all of the text in the table has been made italic and 120% normal size, and the wikitable border has been replaced by the red dashed border.
Of course this works only for browsers supporting inline CSS, if it's important use XHTML markup like
big
instead of "font-size:120%", or Wiki markup like
''text''
instead of "font-style:italic".
Collapsible tables
lokiša
edit source
Classes can also be used to collapse tables, so they are hidden by default. Use the style 'collapsible' to enable collapsing behaviour. By default, a collapsible table will begin expanded. To change this, include the additional class 'collapsed' or 'autocollapse' (i.e. only collapse if 3 other collapsible tables are present). You must include a header row, where the 'hide' option will be displayed. Example:
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
|-
! Header
|-
| Content which starts hidden
|-
| more hidden content
|}
Gives:
Header
Content which starts hidden
more hidden content
Sorting
lokiša
edit source
See also:
Help:Sorting
and
meta:Help:Sorting
Tables can be made sortable by adding
class="sortable"
; for details see
Help:Sorting
. Since this can be very useful, it is wise to keep the possibilities and limitations of this feature in mind when designing a table. For example:
Do not divide a table into sections by subheaders spanning several rows. Instead, an extra column can be made showing the content of these headers on each row, in a short form.
Do not have elements spanning several columns; instead, again, repeat the content on each row, in a short form.
In a column of numbers, do not put text such as "ca." before or after a number - it will break numerical sorting. Do not put any text or alphabetical characters in any cell of a column to be sorted numerically. Try not to put a range of numbers (it does not affect the sorting position for numeric sorting mode, and in the case of a range, the first number determines the position, but if, possibly after sorting this or another column, the element is at the top, it will induce alphabetic sorting mode). Instead, put these texts in a separate column. Alternatively, for the greatest flexibility, alphabetic sorting mode with hidden sortkeys can be used.
A long form of abbreviated content can be put as legend outside the table.
Wiki markup
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
|+ Sortable table
|-
! scope="col" | Alphabetic
! scope="col" | Numeric
! scope="col" | Date
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Unsortable
|-
| d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This
|-
| b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column
|-
| a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot
|-
| c || 4 || 1492-12-08 || be
|-
| e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted.
|}
As it appears in a browser
Sortable table
Alphabetic
Numeric
Date
Unsortable
20
2008-11-24
This
2004-03-01
column
1979-07-23
cannot
1492-12-08
be
1601-08-13
sorted.
Numerical and year sorting problems
lokiša
edit source
See
Help:Sorting
Sorting and collapsing
lokiša
edit source
It is possible to collapse a sortable table. To do so, you need to use the code
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"
. Taking the above table and making it collapsable gives you this:
Wiki markup
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" border="1"
|+ Sortable and collapsible table
|-
! scope="col" | Alphabetic
! scope="col" | Numeric
! scope="col" | Date
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Unsortable
|-
| d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This
|-
| b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column
|-
| a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot
|-
| c || 4.2 || 1492-12-08 || be
|-
| e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted.
|}
As it appears in a browser
Sortable and collapsible table
Alphabetic
Numeric
Date
Unsortable
20
2008-11-24
This
2004-03-01
column
1979-07-23
cannot
4.2
1492-12-08
be
1601-08-13
sorted.
If you want the table to default to collapsed state, use the code
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed"
in place of
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"
Section link to a row
lokiša
edit source
To create an
anchor for a section link
to reference a row of a table add an
id="section link anchor name"
parameter to the row start
|-
or
|- id="section link anchor name"
Row template
lokiša
edit source
Regardless of whether wikitable format or HTML is used, the wikitext of the rows within a table, and sometimes even within a collection of tables, has much in common, e.g.:
the basic code for a table row
code for color, alignment, and sorting mode
fixed texts such as units
special formats for sorting
In that case it can be useful to create a template that produces the syntax for a table row, with the data as parameters. This can have many advantages:
easily changing the order of columns, or removing a column
easily adding a new column if many elements of the new column are left blank (if the column is inserted and the existing fields are unnamed, use a named parameter for the new field to avoid adding blank parameter values to many template calls)
computing fields from other fields, e.g. population density from population and area
duplicating content and providing span tags with "display:none" for the purpose of having one format for
sorting
and another for display
easy specification of a format for a whole column, such as color and alignment
Example:
Using
Template:Pim
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
|-
! scope="col" | a
! scope="col" | b
! scope="col" | a/b
{{help:table/example row template| 50|200}}
{{help:table/example row template| 8| 11}}
{{help:table/example row template|1000| 81}}
|}
gives:
a/b
Thušo:Table/example row template
Thušo:Table/example row template
Thušo:Table/example row template
Conditional table row
lokiša
edit source
For a conditional row in a table, we can have:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{{ #if:1|{{!}}-
! scope="row" {{!}} row one, column one
{{!}}row one, column two}}
{{ #if: |{{!}}-
! scope="row" {{!}} row two, column one
{{!}}row two, column two}}
|-
! scope="row" {{!}} row three, column one
| row three, column two
|}
Which gives the following table: (note how the second row is missing)
row one, column one
row one, column two
row three, column one
row three, column two
Other table syntax
lokiša
edit source
Other types of
table
syntax that MediaWiki supports:
XHTML
HTML & wiki-
syntax (
Do not use
All three are supported by MediaWiki and create (currently) valid HTML output, but the pipe syntax is the simplest. Also, HTML & wiki-
syntax (i.e., unclosed
and
tags) will not necessarily remain browser-supported in the future, especially on handheld internet-accessible devices.
See also
HTML element#Tables
. Note however that the
thead
tbody
tfoot
colgroup
, and
col
elements are currently not
supported in MediaWiki
Comparison of table syntax
lokiša
edit source
XHTML
Wiki-pipe
Table
{|
|}
Caption
|+ caption
Row
|-
Data cell
| cell1 || cell2
| cell3
Header cell
! scope="col" | column heading
! scope="row" | row heading
Sample table
| 1 | 2 |
| 3 | 4 |
{|
| 1 || 2
|-
| 3 || 4
|}
Pros
Can preview or debug with any XHTML editor
Can be indented for easier reading
Well-known
Insensitive to newlines
No characters like "|" which can collide with template and parser function syntax
Easy to write
Easy to read
Takes little space
Can be learned quickly
Cons
Tedious
Takes a lot of space
Difficult to read quickly
Accidentally putting "tr" for "td" can cause confusion for hours.
Indented code might not match nesting.
In rare cases, newlines can break cells, causing severe confusion since newlines usually are ok.
Unfamiliar syntax
Rigid structure
Cannot be indented
Text (as in HTML tags) may be easier for some people to read than series of pipes, plus signs, dashes, etc.
Requires using
Template:!
to pass a "|" in a parameter.
Sensitive to newlines; see
Help:Newlines and spaces
XHTML
Wiki-pipe
See also
Template talk:For#Tables
Pipe syntax in terms of the HTML produced
lokiša
edit source
The pipe syntax, developed by
Magnus Manske
, substitutes pipes (
) for HTML. There is an
on-line script
which converts html tables to pipe syntax tables.
The pipes must start at the beginning of a new line, except when separating parameters from content or when using
||
to separate cells on a single line. The parameters are optional.
Tables
lokiša
edit source
table
is defined by
{| ''params''
|}
which generates "
table
params
/table>".
Rows
lokiša
edit source
For each table, an HTML
tr
tag will be generated for the first row. To start a new row, use:
|-
which generates another "
tr
".
Parameters can be added like this:
|-
params
which generates "
tr
params
".
Note:
tr
tags will be automatically opened at the first
td
equivalent
tr
tags will be automatically closed at
tr
and
/table
equivalents
Cells
lokiša
edit source
Cells are generated either like this:
|cell1
|cell2
|cell3
or like this:
|cell1||cell2||cell3
which both generate "
td
cell1
/td
td
cell2
/td
td
cell3
/td
". The "||" equals "newline" + "|".
Parameters in cells can be used like this:
params
|cell1||
params
|cell2||
params
|cell3
which will result in
td
params
cell1
/td
td
params
cell2
/td
td
params
cell3
/td
Headers
lokiša
edit source
Produces a TH, functioning the same way as TD, but with different style. "!" is used instead of the opening "|". "!!" can be used instead of "||". Parameters still use "|", though. Example:
params
|cell1
Captions
lokiša
edit source
caption
tag is created by
|+ Caption
which generates the HTML "
caption
Caption
/caption
".
You can also use parameters:
|+
params
|Caption
which will generate "
caption
params
Caption
/caption
".
Summaries
lokiša
edit source
A summary is produced by adding a summary attribute after the start of the table. It can be used by
screen readers
to give visually impaired readers the overall gist of the table, without having to listen to the entire table. For example:
{| summary="Artistic renderings of Germania became more triumphant and monumental."
| [[File:Philipp Veit 008.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Robed woman, seated, with sword on her lap|Philipp Veit, ''Germania'', 1834–36]]
| [[File:Image Germania (painting).jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Robed woman, standing, holding a sword|Philipp Veit, ''Germania'', 1848]]
| [[File:Niederwald memorial 2.JPG|thumb|upright|alt=Monument of robed woman, standing, holding a crown in one hand and a partly sheathed sword in another|Johannes Schilling, ''Germania'', 1871–83]]
|}
produces:
Philipp Veit,
Germania
, 1834–36
Philipp Veit,
Germania
, 1848
Johannes Schilling,
Germania
, 1871–83
Square monitors
lokiša
edit source
To format for a square monitor or window, use a tape measure. Determine the height of your rectangular screen. Using that figure measure under the screen to determine the width your monitor’s screen would be if it were square. Mark that location using ink or tape under the screen. Drag the side of your browser’s window to that location so the window is square based on accurate measurements. Square monitors and reading windows are not able to contain tables and galleries made for rectangular and wide screens. When a table or gallery is wider than the monitor, it makes every line of text wider than the screen as well. The px amounts of the following gallery were determined after measuring the window to make sure it was square:
Type this:
{| style="background: transparent; margin: auto;"
| [[File:Some window blinds.JPG|192x155px|thumb|left|Various window shades]]
| [[File:Vert-blinds-2145-rs.jpg|192x170px|thumb|left|Vertical blinds]]
| [[File:Gardine.jpg|192x155px|thumb|left|This is not a blind]]
|}
{| style="background: transparent; margin: auto;"
| [[File:Vorhang.jpg|192x155px|thumb|left|Solid shade]]
| [[File:Jalousie-1.jpg|328x55px|thumb|left|Horizonal blinds]]
|}
{| style="background: transparent; margin: auto;"
| [[File:Some_window_blinds.JPG|205px|thumb|left|Shade, shutters; vertical & horizontal blinds.]]
| [[File:Miniblinds detail of mechanism.jpg|388px|thumb|left|Detail of turning rod (blind stick) attachment on miniblinds]]
|}
For this:
Various window shades
Vertical blinds
This is not a blind
Solid shade
Horizonal blinds
Shade, shutters; vertical & horizontal blinds.
Detail of turning rod (blind stick) attachment on miniblinds
Vertically oriented column headers
lokiša
edit source
Sometimes it is desirable (such as in a table predominantly made of numbers) to rotate text such that it proceeds from top to bottom or bottom to top instead of from left to right or right to left. Currently, browser support for this type of styling as a component of HTML or CSS is sporadic (Internet Explorer is one of the few browsers that supports this in cascading stylesheets, albeit in a non-standard way). An alternative solution that works in most if not all browsers is to use images in place of the text. For instance, the following table uses SVG images instead of text to produce the rotated column headings:
05/08
4266
7828
7282
1105
224
161
916
506
231
04/08
4127
6190
6487
1139
241
205
1165
478
301
Normally, one problem with this approach is that readers are directed to different pages when they click on the images. To eliminate this problem—or to direct readers to a
different
page—you can use the
link
parameter. A column-header can be coded as follows:
! style="width:3em;" | [[File:wpvg_vg_project.svg|link=xxxx]]
The image will wikilink to article "xxxx".
By setting the link to an empty string (e.g.
[[File:wpvg_hd_date_page.svg|link=]]
), no navigation will occur when visitors click on an image. Note that it might also be a good idea to color the image text blue if you are using the images as links. Also, SVG is the preferred image format in this case because it can be re-scaled to any size without producing artifacts.
Wikitable as image gallery
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This section is local to Wikipedia (hard-coded here now).
A wikitable can be used to display side-by-side images, in the manner of an image gallery (formatted by "
gallery>"), but with larger images and less vacant area around photos.
A simple framed gallery can be formatted using class="wikitable" to generate the minimal thin-lines around images/photos within the table:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|[[File:Worms 01.jpg|265px]]
|[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|235px]]
|-
|Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
across the [[Rhine]]
|Worms and its sister cities
|}
Note the result below (with thin-lined cells):
Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
across the
Rhine
Worms and its sister cities
Another issue about the standard "
gallery>" tag, in 2007-2008, was that it put 4 images per line, overrunning the right margin of a wiki article displayed in portrait-style width (like 800x600), unless the gallery had only 3 images. However, a wikitable uses typical image-links with sizes, such as
"[[
Image:XXX.jpg|130px]]" so 4 images could be displayed on a wikitable line within a 600px width (for 800x600 resolution screens).
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|[[File:Worms 01.jpg|130px]]
|[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|125px]]
|[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|125px]]
|[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|125px]]
|-
|Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
|Worms and its sister cities
|Statue of Liberty
|New York City
|}
Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
Worms and its sister cities
Statue of Liberty
New York City
Another advantage about wikitable images, compared to "
gallery>" formatting, is the ability to "square" each image when similar heights are needed, so consider putting 2-number image sizes (such as "199x95px"), where the 2nd number limits height:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x95px]]
|[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|199x95px]]
|[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x95px]]
|[[File:Worms 01.jpg|100x95px]]
|-
|Statue of Liberty
|New York City
|Star on blue
|Bridge to Worms
|}
Note the 3 images sized "199x95px" appear identical height, of 95px (4th image purposely smaller). The "95px" forces height, while "199x" fits the various widths (could even be "999x"):
Statue of Liberty
New York City
Star on blue
Bridge to Worms
Therefore, the use of size "199x95px" (or "999x95px") produces the auto-height-sizing beyond the "
gallery>" tag, and with the option to set taller thumbnails ("199x105px"), or even to have some images purposely smaller than other images of "95px" height. A very short height ("70px") allows many more images across the table:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x70px]]
|[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]]
|[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|199x70px]]
|[[File:Gold star on deep red.gif|199x70px]]
|[[File:Worms 01.jpg|199x70px]]
|[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]]
|}
The above wikitable-coding produces the result below, of 6 columns:
Once images have been placed in a wikitable, control of formatting can be adjusted when more images are added.
Shifting/centering
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Images within a wikitable can be shifted by inserting non-breaking spaces ("
nbsp;") before or after the image-link ("
nbsp;[
[Image:]]"). However, auto-centering simply requires use of center-tags to be placed around an image-link for centering in a cell
("
In the example below, note how Col2 uses
center>, but Col3 uses "
nbsp;":
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|[[File:Domtoren_vanaf_Brigittenstraat.jpg|299x125px]]
|
|
nbsp;[[File:Uitzicht--Domtoren.jpg|299x125px]]
nbsp;
|-
|Dom tower from Brigittenstraat
|Cloister garth of the Utrecht Dom Church
|
nbsp;
nbsp;View from bell tower
|}
The above coding generates the table below: note the middle garden image is centered (but not the left image), and the right image has 2 spaces before "
View...":
Dom tower from Brigittenstraat
Cloister garth of the Utrecht Dom Church
View from bell tower
Also note that the tag "
small>" made a smaller text-size caption. However, fonts also can be sized by percent (style="font-size: 87%;"), where the actual percent-size as displayed depends on the various sizes allowed for a particular font.
| style="font-size: 87%;" | View from bell tower
The column attribute, above, uses "style=" to set the font-size for the caption, following the 2nd vertical-bar "|".
A font-size: 65% is very small, while style="font-size: 87%;" is a mid-size font, larger than the tag
small
Speed/transfer rates
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Actual transfer/display speeds depend on individual files. In 2007 to March 2009 some serious flaws existed in the thumbnailing process when combined with the gallery-display, making thumbnails sometimes larger than the originals. For this reason some users explicitly used tables instead of the gallery tag. However, these issues are fixed as of March 2009.
Generate a chart with a table
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Main article:
meta:Visualizer for Wikimedia projects
Using
Template:T
or another template that uses
Template:T
Converting spreadsheet to wikitable format
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To convert from spreadsheets such as Gnumeric, MS Excel or OpenOffice.org Calc, you can use the
Copy & Paste Excel-to-Wiki
converter or you can save your spreadsheets as
.csv
and use the
csv2wikitable
converter.
Tables and WYSIWYG
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Due to the complexity of wikimarkup (especially tables), a common question is if there is any
visual editor
to make creating and modifying tables easier. Unfortunately at the moment no such editor exists, however it is possible to create a table with a
HTML editor
(like
Adobe Dreamweaver
) and then copy the html code generated by this into the page.
It is possible in the future that a WYSIWYG editor will be adopted (there has been much discussion about this in the past, however there are many technical hurdles that need to be solved). For the more technically inclined/adventurous tools such as
meta:WYSIFTW
exist, however they do not incorporate the complete WYSIWYG experience and currently do not support tables (although they may do so in the future).
See also
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Help:Wikitable
Wikipedia:Manual of Style (tables)
Wikipedia:How to make a table in Wikipedia
mw:Table
mw:Simplified table syntax
m:Wiki markup tables
m:Table background colors
m:Help:Sorting
User:Dcljr/Tables
w:Table (HTML)
m:Help:Template#A parameter value containing a pipe character
w:Category:Table and column templates
Examples:
Chess board
Go board
Monopoly board
Square 8x8 pentomino example
Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code
Commons:Chart and graph resources
Cleanup template
{{
Listtable
}}
and its category
Category:Articles requiring tables
External links
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de:Wikipedia:Helferlein/VBA-Macro for EXCEL tableconversion
published in German-Wikipediaproject (English instructions included)
HTML tables to wiki converter at cnic.org
csv2wp
- converts
comma-separated values
(CSV) format to pipe syntax. You may use this to import tables from Excel etc. (
more information
HTML tables to wiki converter at uni-bonn.de
HTML tables to wiki converter at diberri.dyndns.org
pywikipediabot
(can convert HTML tables to wiki)
HTML-WikiConverter
Various versions and languages
Making Wiki Tables
with good examples
Wiki and HTML Tables Ready to Use
: A selection of tables and their Wiki/HTML code
Table of CSS color names and HEX codes
Le tšwa go "
Dihlopha
Wikipedia how-to
Wikipedia text help
Dihlopha tšago huta:
Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls
Pages with broken file links
Thušo
Table
Lokela sererwa