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Republic of Turkey
الجُمْهُورِيَّة التُّرْكِيَّة
Jhanda
Coat of arms
Des
ke jaankari
Des
ke motto:
Peace at Home, Peace in the World
(Yurtta Barış, Dünyada Barış)
National anthem:
The Anthem of Independence
(İstiklal Marşı)
Log ke baare me
Official bhasa:
Turkish
Abaadi:
- Total:
80.810.525 ab.
(2017)
(ranked 16°)
- Density:
105 per km²
Jagha
country map
Hian pe des ke dunia ke map me dekhawa jaawe hae.
Capital
City
Ankara
Sab se barraa
City
Istanbul
Area
- Total:
783,562 km² (ranked 37°)
- Water:
%1.3 km
Politics / Government
Established
Independence
: Turkish War of Independence
May 19
1919
- Formation: Formation of Parliament
April 23
1920
- Declared: Declaration of Republic
October 29
1923
Leader:
President:
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Economy / Money
Paisa ke naam:
Turkish Lira (
TL
International information
Time ke zone:
UTC
+ 2
Summer:
+ 3
Telephone ke dialing code:
+90
Internet domain:
.tr
Turkey
الجُمْهُورِيَّة التُّرْكِيَّة
jiske Anatolia bhi bila jaae hai
), jiske sarkari naam,
Republic of Turkiye
hae,
Anatolia
West
Asia
me aur southeast
Europe
ke ek chhotaa hissa, jiske
East Thrace
bola jaae hae, ke au ek des hai. Iske north me
Black Sea
hae, east me
Georgia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
aur
Iran
Irag
Syria
aur
Mediterranean Sea
south me aur
Aegean Sea
Greece
aur
Bulgaria
west me hae. Turkey ke puura ilaka 780,000 square kilometres hae aur iske population 85 million hae. Iske jaada log
Turks
hae aur ethnic minority me sab se jaada
Kurds
hae. Turkey ke official bhasa
Turkish
hai. Turkey ke jaada log Muslim hae , lekin ii officially ek secular des hae.
Ankara
Turkey ke capital aur duusra sab se barraa city hae, jab
Istanbul
sab se barraa city aur des ke economic aur financial center hae. Aur barraa city hae
Izmir
Bursa
aur
Antalya
Turkey, ek republic hai. Turkey me 81 cities hai. Turkish ke paisa Turkish Lira bola jaawe hai.
Iske capital
Ankara
hai jon ki
Anatolia
ke biich me hai lekin iske cultural aur economic center
Istanbul
Turkey me 50,000BC se 15,000BC talak
insaan
aae ke rahe lage rahin.
Ii jagha me dher jaat ke log rahat rahin.
Alexander the Great
ke conquest ke baad, hian pe Greek sanskriti jarr pakarr liis.
11th century me ii jagha me
Seljuk Turks
aain aur Turkish saskriti hian pe bhi sael gais.
1243 me Mongol log invade karin aur des chgota-chhota raj me vibhajit hoe gais.
1299 me
Ottomans
des ke unite kar diin aur iske aur barraa karin. 1453 me
Istanbul
Ottoman Empire
ke niche hoe gais.
Baad me ii dunia ke ek sab se taagatwar des ban gais rahaa. 1789 ke baad Ottoman Empire gire ke suruu karis.
19th aur 20th century me
Russia
me base
Muslim
log ke virod me bhed bhaao ke kaaran dher Muslim log
Balkans
Caucasus
aur
Crimea
se aae ke abhi ke Turkey me rahe lagin.
Karpat 2001
, p.
343)
Ottoman Empire,
Germany
aur
Austrua-Hungary
ke saathe
World War I
me larris. Ii samay Turkey me base dher
Armenian
Greek
aur
Assyrian
ke maar dewa gias, nai to uu logan ke ghar se nikaal dewa gais rahaa.
World War I ke baad Turkey me sultanate khalaas hoe gais aur 29 October 1923 me iske ek Republic banaawa gais.
10
Modern Turkey ke 1923 me
Atatürk
suruu karis rahaa. Ise pahile ii
Ottoman Empire
ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa.
Purana jamana me ii jagah pe dher civilizations rahaa, jaise ki
Hittites
aur
Byzantine Roman Empire
Geography
badlo
source ke badlo
Turkey ke area 783,562 square kilometres (302,535 square miles) hae.
11
Turkey Asia aur Southeartern Europe ke jorre hae.
12
Turkey ke 97% hissa aur 90% abaadi Asia ke side, jiske
Anatolia
bola jaae hae, me rahe hae.
13
Dunia
ke 36 "Biodiversity hotspots" me se 3 Turkey me hae.
14
Ii hae Mediterranean Basin, Irano-Anatolian aur
Causasus
. 21st century me development aur "climate change" ke kaaran ii biodiversity pe khatraa hae.
15
Gallery
badlo
source ke badlo
President ke suchi
badlo
source ke badlo
No.
Chhaapa
Naam (janam-maut)
Chuna gais
Presidency ke suruu
Presidency ke ant
Presidency ke lambaai
Party
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
1881
1938
1923
1927
1931
1935
29 October
1923
10 November
1938
15 saal, 12 din
Republican Peoples's Party
Ismet Inonu
1884
1973
1938
1939
1943
1946
11 November
1938
27 May 1950
11 saal 197 din
Republican Peoples's Party
Celai Bayar
1883
1986
1950
1954
1957
27 May
1950
27 May
1960
10 saal
Democrat Party
Cemal Gursel
1895
1966
1961
10 October
1961
2 February
1966
4 saal, 115 din
Independent
Cevdet Sunay
1899
1982
1966
28 March
1966
28 March
1973
7 saal
Independent
no image
Fahri Koruturk
1903
1987
1973
6 April
1973
6 April
1980
7 saal
Independent
Kenan Evren
1917
2015
9 November
1982
9 November
1989
Example
7 saal
Independent
Turgut Ozal
1927
1993
1989
9 November
1989
17 April 1993
3 saal, 159 din
Motherland Party
Suleyman Demirel
1924
2015
1993
16 May
1993
16 May
2000
7 saal
True Path Party
10
Ahmet Necdet Sezer
2000
16 May
2000
28 August
2007
7 saal, 104 din
Independent
11
Abdullah Gul
(1950-)
2007
28 August
2007
28 August
20014
7 saal
Justice and Development Party
12
Recep Tayyip Erdogan
2014
2018
2023
28 August
20014
Incumbent
10 saal
Justice and Development Party
Bahaari jorr
badlo
source ke badlo
CIA World Factbook - Turkey
Archived
2017-09-20 at the
Wayback Machine
References
badlo
source ke badlo
Howard 2016
, p.
24)
Howard 2016
, p.
24)
Leonard 2006
, p.
1576)
: "Subsequently, hellenization of the elites transformed Anatolia into a largely Greek-speaking region"
Howard 2016
, pp.
33–44)
Howard 2016
, pp.
38–39)
Howard 2016
, p.
45)
Somel 2010
, p.
xcvii)
Heper
Sayari 2012
, pp.
15–28)
Tatz,
Colin
Higgins,
Winton
(2016).
The Magnitude of Genocide
ABC-CLIO.
ISBN
978-1-4408-3161-4
Heper
Sayari 2012
, pp.
54–55)
"UN Demographic Yearbook"
(PDF)
. Retrieved
1 November
2010
Kuzucuoğlu, Çiner
Kazancı 2019
, p.
7)
Turkey ke Europe waala side ke Easter Thrace bola jaae hae aur ii jagha Turkey ke 3% area hae lekin hian pe iske 10% population rahe hae. Turkey ke saat hissa me baata gais hae; Marmara, Aegean, Central Anatolia, Blacj Sea, Eastern Anatolia, Southeastern Anatolia aur Mediterranean. Iske pahaar me Koroglu, Pontic aur Taurus ranges hae. Kuchh barra lake hae Lake Beysehir aur Lake Egirdie. Eastern Anatolia region me
Mount Ararat
hae jon Turkey ke sab se uuncha pahaarr hae. Iske ke uunchaai 5,137 metres (16,854 feet) hae. Des ke sab se barraa lake, Lake Van hae. Turkey me se
Euphrates
Tigris
aur
Aras
naddi suruu hoe hae.
Perr aur Jaanwar
Kaaheki Turkey dui continent ke biicj me hae, hian pe dher rakam ke perr aur jaanwar rahe hae.
"Biodiversity in Turkey"
. 6 May 2012. Archived from
the original
on 7 April 2016
. Retrieved
9 August
2014
Cite error: Invalid

tag; no text was provided for refs named
Birben_2019
Kazancı, Nizamettin; Kuzucuoğlu, Catherine (2019), Kuzucuoğlu, Catherine; Çiner, Attila; Kazancı, Nizamettin (eds.), "Threats and Conservation of Landscapes in Turkey",
Landscapes and Landforms of Turkey
, World Geomorphological Landscapes, Springer International Publishing, pp.
603–632,
doi
10.1007/978-3-030-03515-0_36
ISBN
978-3-030-03515-0
S2CID
134498356
Wikimedia Commons me
Turkey
ke baare me kuchh media hae.
" se lawa gais hae
Vibhag
Dunia ke des
Asia
Europe
NATO ke member
Turkey
Pages with reference errors
Lukawal vibhag:
Webarchive template wayback links
Turkey
Topic jorro