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tz-announce@iana.org
1 participants
86 discussions
2026b release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
April 23, 2026
April 23, 2026
The 2026b release of the tz code and data is available. As Tim mentioned
yesterday[1], this release’s main impetus is British Columbia’s decision
to stop changing its clocks and stay on permanent UTC-07, which affects
BC’s UTC offsets starting 2026-11-01 at 02:00. Since this change will
likely cause problems downstream as CLDR’s latest release cannot handle
it, we’re pushing out this release now so that downstream has some time
to test and reprogram. Quite possibly we’ll need another release soon to
accommodate proposed changes in Alberta and Northwest Territories.

[1]:
There is an embarrassing typo in the 2026b release: its NEWS file's
third line has the wrong release number. I applied the following patch
to the development version on GitHub and this patch should appear in the
2026c release.

diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index a0042701..ea52e67e 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -3 +3 @@ News for the tz database
-Release 2026a - 2026-04-22 23:06:43 -0700
+Release 2026b - 2026-04-22 23:06:43 -0700

The 2026b release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
British Columbia moved to permanent -07 on 2026-03-09.
Some more overflow bugs have been fixed in zic.

Changes to future timestamps

British Columbia’s 2026-03-08 spring forward was its last
foreseeable clock change, as it moved to permanent -07 thereafter.
(Thanks to Arthur David Olson.) Although the change to permanent
-07 legally took place on 2026-03-09, temporarily model the change
to occur on 2026-11-01 at 02:00 instead. This works around a
limitation in CLDR v48.2 (2026-03-17). This temporary hack is
planned to be removed after CLDR is fixed.

Changes to code

zic no longer mishandles a last transition to a new time type.

zic no longer overflows a buffer when generating a TZ string like
"PST-167:59:58PDT-167:59:59,M11.5.6/-167:59:59,M12.5.6/-167:59:59",
which can occur with adversarial input. (Thanks to Naveed Khan.)

zic no longer generates a longer TZif file than necessary when
an earlier time zone abbreviation is a suffix of a later one.
As a nice side effect, zic no longer overflows a buffer when given
a long series of abbreviations, each a suffix of the next.
(Buffer overflow reported by Arthur Chan.)

zic no longer overflows an int when processing input like ‘Zone
Ouch 2147483648:00:00 - LMT’. The int overflow can lead to buffer
overflow in adversarial cases. (Thanks to Naveed Khan.)

zic now checks for signals more often.

Here are links to the release files:
The following convenience links are also available, although they may
point to the previous release until the relevant caches are refreshed:
Links are also available via plain HTTP, and via FTP from
ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases
with the same basenames as above.

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
48c25a1ba86cb602990c0573aba7795417931bb4 dated 2026-04-22 23:06:43 -0700
and tagged '2026b' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

Here are the SHA-512 checksums for the release files:

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tzcode2026b.tar.gz
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tzdata2026b.tar.gz
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2026a release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
March 2, 2026
March 2, 2026
The 2026a release of the tz code and data is available. This release
corrects the time for Moldova's upcoming clock transition on March 29,
as well as on other dates. It also has significant changes to code and
to the build procedure.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
Moldova has used EU transition times since 2022.
The "right" TZif files are no longer installed by default.
-DTZ_RUNTIME_LEAPS=0 disables runtime support for leap seconds.
TZif files are no longer limited to 50 bytes of abbreviations.
zic is no longer limited to 50 leap seconds.
Several integer overflow bugs have been fixed.

Changes to past and future timestamps

Since 2022 Moldova has observed EU transition times, that is, it
has sprung forward at 03:00, not 02:00, and has fallen back at
04:00, not 03:00. (Thanks to Heitor David Pinto.)

Changes to data

Remove Europe/Chisinau from zonenow.tab, as it now agrees with
Europe/Athens for future timestamps.

Changes to build procedure

The Makefile no longer by default installs an alternate set
of TZif files for system clocks that count leap seconds.
Install with 'make REDO=posix_right' to get the old default,
which is rarely used in major downstream distributions.
If your system clock counts leap seconds (contrary to POSIX),
it is better to install with 'make REDO=right_only'.
This change does not affect the leapseconds file, which is still
installed as before.

The Makefile's POSIXRULES option, which was declared obsolete in
release 2019b, has been removed. The Makefile's build procedure
thus no longer optionally installs the obsolete posixrules file.

Changes to code

Compiling with the new option -DTZ_RUNTIME_LEAPS=0 disables
runtime support for leap seconds. Although this conforms to
POSIX, shrinks tzcode's attack surface, and is more efficient,
it fails to support Internet RFC 9636's leap seconds.

zic now can generate, and localtime.c can now use, TZif files that
hold up to 256 bytes of abbreviations, counting trailing NULs.
The previous limit was 50 bytes, and some tzdata TZif files were
already consuming 40 bytes. zic -v warns if it generates a file
that exceeds the old 50-byte limit.

zic -L can now generate TZif files with more than 50 leap seconds.
This helps test TZif readers not limited to 50 leap seconds, as
tzcode's localtime.c is; it has little immediate need for
practical timekeeping as there have been only 27 leap seconds and
possibly there will be no more, due to planned changes to UTC.
zic -v warns if its output exceeds the old 50-second limit.

localtime.c no longer accesses the posixrules file generated by
zic -p. Hence for obsolete and nonconforming settings like
TZ="AST4ADT" it now typically falls back on US DST rules, rather
than attempting to override this fallback with the contents of the
posixrules file. This removes library support that was declared
obsolete in release 2019b, and fixes some undefined behavior.
(Undefined behavior reported by GitHub user Naveed8951.)

The posix2time, posix2time_z, time2posix, and time2posix_z
functions now set errno=EOVERFLOW and return ((time_t) -1) if the
result is not representable. Formerly they had undefined behavior
that could in practice result in crashing, looping indefinitely,
or returning an incorrect result. As before, these functions are
defined only when localtime.c is compiled with the -DSTD_INSPIRED
option.

Some other undefined behavior, triggered by TZif files containing
outlandish but conforming UT offsets or leap second corrections,
has also been fixed. (Some of these bugs reported by Naveed8951.)

localtime.c no longer rejects TZif files that exactly fit in its
internal structures, fixing off-by-one typos introduced in 2014g.

zic no longer generates a no-op transition when
simultaneous Rule and Zone changes cancel each other out.
This occurs in tzdata only in Asia/Tbilisi on 1997-03-30.
(Thanks to Renchunhui for a test case showing the bug.)

zic no longer assumes you can fflush a read-only stream.
(Problem reported by Christos Zoulas.)

zic no longer generates UT offsets equal to -2**31 and localtime.c
no longer accepts them, as they can cause trouble in both
localtime.c and its callers. RFC 9636 prohibits such offsets.

zic -p now warns that the -p option is obsolete and likely
ineffective.

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
dd6be6d1558163517ec55c652efac70842c3b4cc dated 2026-03-01 22:59:49 -0800
and tagged '2026a' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

Here are the SHA3-512 checksums for the release files, generated by
the GNU coreutils 9.8+ command 'cksum -a sha3 -l 512'.

SHA3-512 (tzcode2026a.tar.gz) =
7106762916c6d21aa71fc5b43924582b603e231c90f19fb40ecd81db96208f8a4d6ff9664508c7298c521ab8fed97d4100665f84b2ba17caed04af129e40c5c2
SHA3-512 (tzdata2026a.tar.gz) =
898b090b74d927495a412f382636e4eb2f697e3e357e5a1d35e01cf95f6cdc3bd52533a269ae247b521c6ec1112cbc2df0bb5466accf376e2e7b78a3adde26bd
SHA3-512 (tzdb-2026a.tar.lz) =
5aefc96aa15113da1c30fbba7564636e106e3c0e33f475d48f32c5d3417e945fada548176e56c474a85bf02681e101c7b4dd727eb0053d1d39a81c9a13afe37b

Here are the SHA-512 checksums for the release files:

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tzcode2026a.tar.gz
407e8e93aaa054a22a4a7d6d8cf480a20630073bf1a00956df16b10318f239a12015de38fad3072249193e314d6fddbff4e74afa40a88f7bf5c9eecc7659ea15
tzdata2026a.tar.gz
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tzdb-2026a.tar.lz

Here are GPG digital signatures for the release files:

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2025c release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
Dec. 11, 2025
Dec. 11, 2025
The 2025c release of the tz code and data is available. This release
mostly changes code and commentary. The only changed data are leap
second table expiration and pre-1976 time in Baja California.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
Several code changes for compatibility with FreeBSD.

Changes to past timestamps

Baja California agreed with California’s DST rules in 1953 and in
1961 through 1975, instead of observing standard time all year.
(Thanks to Alois Treindl.)

Changes to build procedure

Files in distributed tarballs now have correct commit times.
Formerly, the committer’s time zone was incorrectly ignored.

Distribution products (*.asc, *.gz, and *.lz) now have
reproducible timestamps. Formerly, only the contents of the
compressed tarballs had reproducible timestamps.

By default, distributed formatted man pages (*.txt) now use UTF-8
and are left-adjusted more consistently. A new Makefile macro
MANFLAGS can override these defaults. (Thanks to G. Branden
Robinson for inspiring these changes.)

Changes to code

An unset TZ is no longer invalid when /etc/localtime is missing,
and is abbreviated "UTC" not "-00". This reverts to 2024b behavior.
(Problem and patch reported by Dag-Erling Smørgrav.)

New function offtime_r, short for fixed-offset localtime_rz.
It is defined if STD_INSPIRED is defined.
(Patch from Dag-Erling Smørgrav.)

tzset etc. are now more cautious about questionable TZ settings.
Privileged programs now reject TZ settings that start with '/',
unless they are TZDEFAULT (default "/etc/localtime") or
start with TZDIR then '/' (default "/usr/share/zoneinfo/").
Unprivileged programs now require files to be regular files
and reject relative names containing ".." directory components;
formerly, only privileged programs did those two things.
These changes were inspired by similar behavior in FreeBSD.
On NetBSD, unprivileged programs now use O_REGULAR to check
whether a TZ setting starting with '/' names a regular file,
avoiding a minor security race still present elsewhere.
TZ strings taken from tzalloc arguments are now treated with
no less caution than TZ strings taken from the environment, as
the old undocumented behavior would have been hard to explain.
tzset etc. no longer use the ‘access’ system call to check access;
instead they now use the system calls issetugid, getauxval,
getresuid/getresgid, and geteuid/getegid/getuid/getgid (whichever
first works) to test whether a program is privileged.
Compile with -DHAVE_SYS_AUXV_H=[01] to enable or disable
which (if it defines AT_SECURE) enables getauxval,
and compile with -DHAVE_ISSETUGID=[01], -DHAVE_GETRESUID=[01], and
-DHAVE_GETEUID=[01] to enable or disable the other calls’ use.

The new CFLAGS option -DTZ_CHANGE_INTERVAL=N makes tzset etc.
check for TZif file changes if the in-memory data are N seconds
old or more, and are derived from the TZ environment variable.
This is intended for platforms that want tzset etc. to reflect
changes to whatever file TZ selects (including changes to
/etc/localtime if TZ is unset). If N is negative (the default)
these checks are omitted; this is the traditional behavior.

The new CFLAGS options -DHAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_CTIM=0 and
-DHAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC=0 port to non-POSIX.1-2008 platforms
that lack st_ctim and struct timespec, respectively.

tzset etc. now treat ' ' like '_' in time zone abbreviations,
just as they treat other invalid bytes. This continues the
transition begun in release 96k, which removed spaces in tzdata
because the spaces break time string parsers.

The new CFLAGS option -DTHREAD_PREFER_SINGLE causes tzcode
in single-threaded processes to avoid locks, as FreeBSD does.
This can save time in single-threaded apps. The threadedness
testing costs CPU time and energy in multi-threaded apps.
New options -DHAVE___ISTHREADED and -DHAVE_SYS_SINGLE_THREADED_H
can help configure how to test for single-threadedness.

The new CFLAGS option -DTHREAD_RWLOCK uses read-write locks, as
macOS does, instead of mutexes. This saves real time when TZ is
rarely changing and many threads call tzcode simultaneously.
It costs more CPU time and energy.

The new CFLAGS option -TTHREAD_TM_MULTI causes localtime to return
a pointer to thread-specific memory, as FreeBSD does, instead of
to the same memory in all threads. This supports unportable
programs that incorrectly use localtime instead of localtime_r.
This option affects gmtime and offtime similarly to localtime.
Because the corresponding storage is freed on thread exit, this
option is incompatible with POSIX.1-2024 and earlier. It also
costs CPU time and memory.

tzfree now preserves errno, consistently with POSIX.1-2024 ‘free’.

tzcode now uses mempcpy if available, guessing its availability.
Compile with -DHAVE_MEMPCPY=1 or 0 to override the guess.

tzcode now uses strnlen to improve asymptotic performance a bit.
Compile with -DHAVE_STRNLEN=0 if your platform lacks it.

tzcode now hand-declares unistd.h-provided symbols like getopt
if HAVE_UNISTD_H=0, not if HAVE_POSIX_DECLS=0.

tzset etc. now have an experimental OPENAT_TZDIR option;
see Makefile and localtime.c for details.

On platforms like GNU/Hurd that do not define PATH_MAX,
exceedingly long TZ strings no longer fail merely because they
exceed an arbitrary file name length limit imposed by tzcode.

zic has new options inspired by FreeBSD. ‘-D’ skips creation of
output ancestor directories, ‘-m MODE’ sets output files’ mode,
and ‘-u OWNER[:GROUP]’ sets output files’ owner and group.

zic now uses the fdopen function, which was standardized by
POSIX.1-1988 and is now safe to use in portable code.
This replaces its use of the older umask function, which
complicated maintenance.

Changes to commentary

The leapseconds file contains commentary about the IERS and NIST
last-modified and expiration timestamps for leap second data.
(Thanks to Judah Levine.)

Commentary now also uses characters from the set –‘’“”•≤ as this
can be useful and should work with current applications. This
also affects data in iso3166.tab and zone1970.tab, which now
contain strings like “Côte d’Ivoire” instead of “Côte d'Ivoire”.

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
7e1145bfdb9630c127841dc8ce808a937a300938 dated 2025-03-22 13:40:46 -0700
and tagged '2025c' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

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2025b release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
March 22, 2025
March 22, 2025
The 2025b release of the tz code and data is available.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
New zone for Aysén Region in Chile which moves from -04/-03 to -03.

Changes to future timestamps

Chile's Aysén Region moves from -04/-03 to -03 year-round, joining
Magallanes Region. The region will not change its clocks on
2025-04-05 at 24:00, diverging from America/Santiago and creating a
new zone America/Coyhaique. (Thanks to Yonathan Dossow.) Model
this as a change to standard offset effective 2025-03-20.

Changes to past timestamps

Iran switched from +04 to +0330 on 1978-11-10 at 24:00, not at
year end. (Thanks to Roozbeh Pournader.)

Changes to code

'zic -l TIMEZONE -d . -l /some/other/file/system' no longer
attempts to create an incorrect symlink, and no longer has a
read buffer underflow. (Problem reported by Evgeniy Gorbanev.)

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
7e1145bfdb9630c127841dc8ce808a937a300938 dated 2025-03-22 13:40:46 -0700
and tagged '2025b' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

Here are the SHA-512 checksums for the release files:

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2025a release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
Jan. 16, 2025
Jan. 16, 2025
The 2025a release of the tz code and data is available.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
Paraguay adopts permanent -03 starting spring 2024.
Improve pre-1991 data for the Philippines.
Etc/Unknown is now reserved.

Changes to future timestamps

Paraguay will stop changing its clocks after the spring-forward
transition on 2024-10-06, so it is now permanently at -03.
(Thanks to Heitor David Pinto and Even Scharning.)
This affects timestamps starting 2025-03-22, as well as the
obsolescent tm_isdst flags starting 2024-10-15.

Changes to past timestamps

Correct timestamps for the Philippines before 1900, and from 1937
through 1990. (Thanks to P Chan for the heads-up and citations.)
This includes adjusting local mean time before 1899; fixing
transitions in September 1899, January 1937, and June 1954; adding
transitions in December 1941, November 1945, March and September
1977, and May and July 1990; and removing incorrect transitions in
March and September 1978.

Changes to data

Add zone1970.tab lines for the Concordia and Eyre Bird Observatory
research stations. (Thanks to Derick Rethans and Jule Dabars.)

Changes to code

strftime %s now generates the correct numeric string even when the
represented number does not fit into time_t. This is better than
generating the numeric equivalent of (time_t) -1, as strftime did
in TZDB releases 96a (when %s was introduced) through 2020a and in
releases 2022b through 2024b. It is also better than failing and
returning 0, as strftime did in releases 2020b through 2022a.

strftime now outputs an invalid conversion specifier as-is,
instead of eliding the leading '%', which confused debugging.

An invalid TZ now generates the time zone abbreviation "-00", not
"UTC", to help the user see that an error has occurred. (Thanks
to Arthur David Olson for suggesting a "wrong result".)

mktime and timeoff no longer incorrectly fail merely because a
struct tm component near INT_MIN or INT_MAX overflows when a
lower-order component carries into it.

TZNAME_MAXIMUM, the maximum number of bytes in a proleptic TZ
string's time zone abbreviation, now defaults to 254 not 255.
This helps reduce the size of internal state from 25480 to 21384
on common platforms. This change should not be a problem, as
nobody uses such long "abbreviations" and the longstanding tzcode
maximum was 16 until release 2023a. For those who prefer no
arbitrary limits, you can now specify TZNAME_MAXIMUM values up to
PTRDIFF_MAX, a limit forced by C anyway; formerly tzcode silently
misbehaved unless TZNAME_MAXIMUM was less than INT_MAX.

tzset and related functions no longer leak a file descriptor if
another thread forks or execs at about the same time and if the
platform has O_CLOFORK and O_CLOEXEC respectively. Also, the
functions no longer let a TZif file become a controlling terminal.

'zdump -' now reads TZif data from /dev/stdin.
(From a question by Arthur David Olson.)

Changes to documentation

The name Etc/Unknown is now reserved: it will not be used by TZDB.
This is for compatibility with CLDR, which uses the string
"Etc/Unknown" for an unknown or invalid timezone. (Thanks to
Justin Grant, Mark Davis, and Guy Harris.)

Cite Internet RFC 9636, which obsoletes RFC 8536 for TZif format.

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
a8e2fcd87bc5f83fec0a76652095e8d7881b0763 dated 2025-01-15 10:47:24 -0800
and tagged '2025a' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

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2024b release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
Sept. 5, 2024
Sept. 5, 2024
The 2024b release of the tz code and data is available.

This release is prompted by the accumulated weight of many non-urgent
changes to both code and data. It changes one timestamp abbreviation,
for the long-obsolete System V setting TZ='MET'; see below.
Otherwise, the timestamps affected by this release all predate April
2008, so you can skip this release if your application uses only
tzdata and does not use older timestamps.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
Improve historical data for Mexico, Mongolia, and Portugal.
System V names are now obsolescent.
The main data form now uses %z.
The code now conforms to RFC 8536 for early timestamps.
Support POSIX.1-2024, which removes asctime_r and ctime_r.
Assume POSIX.2-1992 or later for shell scripts.
SUPPORT_C89 now defaults to 1.

Changes to past timestamps

Asia/Choibalsan is now an alias for Asia/Ulaanbaatar rather than
being a separate Zone with differing behavior before April 2008.
This seems better given our wildly conflicting information about
Mongolia's time zone history. (Thanks to Heitor David Pinto.)

Historical transitions for Mexico have been updated based on
official Mexican decrees. The affected timestamps occur during
the years 1921-1927, 1931, 1945, 1949-1970, and 1981-1997.
The affected zones are America/Bahia_Banderas, America/Cancun,
America/Chihuahua, America/Ciudad_Juarez, America/Hermosillo,
America/Mazatlan, America/Merida, America/Mexico_City,
America/Monterrey, America/Ojinaga, and America/Tijuana.
(Thanks to Heitor David Pinto.)

Historical transitions for Portugal, represented by Europe/Lisbon,
Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira, have been updated based on a
close reading of old Portuguese legislation, replacing previous data
mainly originating from Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger. These
changes affect a few transitions in 1917-1921, 1924, and 1940
throughout these regions by a few hours or days, and various
timestamps between 1977 and 1993 depending on the region. In
particular, the Azores and Madeira did not observe DST from 1977 to
1981. Additionally, the adoption of standard zonal time in former
Portuguese colonies have been adjusted: Africa/Maputo in 1909, and
Asia/Dili by 22 minutes at the start of 1912.
(Thanks to Tim Parenti.)

Changes to past tm_isdst flags

The period from 1966-04-03 through 1966-10-02 in Portugal is now
modeled as DST, to more closely reflect how contemporaneous changes
in law entered into force.

Changes to data

Names present only for compatibility with UNIX System V
(last released in the 1990s) have been moved to 'backward'.
These names, which for post-1970 timestamps mostly just duplicate
data of geographical names, were confusing downstream uses.
Names moved to 'backward' are now links to geographical names.
This affects behavior for TZ='EET' for some pre-1981 timestamps,
for TZ='CET' for some pre-1947 timestamps, and for TZ='WET' for
some pre-1996 timestamps. Also, TZ='MET' now behaves like
TZ='CET' and so uses the abbreviation "CET" rather than "MET".
Those needing the previous TZDB behavior, which does not match any
real-world clocks, can find the old entries in 'backzone'.
(Problem reported by Justin Grant.)

The main source files' time zone abbreviations now use %z,
supported by zic since release 2015f and used in vanguard form
since release 2022b. For example, America/Sao_Paulo now contains
the zone continuation line "-3:00 Brazil %z", which is less error
prone than the old "-3:00 Brazil -03/-02". This does not change
the represented data: the generated TZif files are unchanged.
Rearguard form still avoids %z, to support obsolescent parsers.

Asia/Almaty has been removed from zonenow.tab as it now agrees
with Asia/Tashkent for future timestamps, due to Kazakhstan's
2024-02-29 time zone change. Similarly, America/Scoresbysund
has been removed, as it now agrees with America/Nuuk due to
its 2024-03-31 time zone change.

Changes to code

localtime.c now always uses a TZif file's time type 0 to handle
timestamps before the file's first transition. Formerly,
localtime.c sometimes inferred a different time type, in order to
handle problematic data generated by zic 2018e or earlier. As it
is now safe to assume more recent versions of zic, there is no
longer a pressing need to fail to conform RFC 8536 section 3.2,
which requires using time type 0 in this situation. This change
does not affect behavior when reading TZif files generated by zic
2018f and later.

POSIX.1-2024 removes asctime_r and ctime_r and does not let
libraries define them, so remove them except when needed to
conform to earlier POSIX. These functions are dangerous as they
can overrun user buffers. If you still need them, add
-DSUPPORT_POSIX2008 to CFLAGS.

The SUPPORT_C89 option now defaults to 1 instead of 0, fixing a
POSIX-conformance bug introduced in 2023a.

tzselect now supports POSIX.1-2024 proleptic TZ strings. Also, it
assumes POSIX.2-1992 or later, as practical porting targets now
all support that, and it uses some features from POSIX.1-2024 if
available.

Changes to build procedure

'make check' no longer requires curl and Internet access.

The build procedure now assumes POSIX.2-1992 or later, to simplify
maintenance. To build on Solaris 10, the only extant system still
defaulting to pre-POSIX, prepend /usr/xpg4/bin to PATH.

Changes to documentation

The documentation now reflects POSIX.1-2024.

Changes to commentary

Commentary about historical transitions in Portugal and her former
colonies has been expanded with links to many relevant legislation.
(Thanks to Tim Parenti.)

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
6903dde39ed637adaafc352c4b6993739253f058 dated 2024-09-04 12:27:47 -0700
and tagged '2024b' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

Here are the SHA-512 checksums for the release files:

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2024a release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
Feb. 1, 2024
Feb. 1, 2024
The 2024a release of the tz code and data is available.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
Kazakhstan unifies on UTC+5 beginning 2024-03-01.
Palestine springs forward a week later after Ramadan.
zic no longer pretends to support indefinite-past DST.
localtime no longer mishandles Ciudad Juárez in 2422.

Changes to future timestamps

Kazakhstan unifies on UTC+5. This affects Asia/Almaty and
Asia/Qostanay which together represent the eastern portion of the
country that will transition from UTC+6 on 2024-03-01 at 00:00 to
join the western portion. (Thanks to Zhanbolat Raimbekov.)

Palestine springs forward a week later than previously predicted
in 2024 and 2025. (Thanks to Heba Hamad.) Change spring-forward
predictions to the second Saturday after Ramadan, not the first;
this also affects other predictions starting in 2039.

Changes to past timestamps

Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh's 1955-07-01 transition occurred at 01:00
not 00:00. (Thanks to Đoàn Trần Công Danh.)

From 1947 through 1949, Toronto's transitions occurred at 02:00
not 00:00. (Thanks to Chris Walton.)

In 1911 Miquelon adopted standard time on June 15, not May 15.

Changes to code

The FROM and TO columns of Rule lines can no longer be "minimum"
or an abbreviation of "minimum", because TZif files do not support
DST rules that extend into the indefinite past - although these
rules were supported when TZif files had only 32-bit data, this
stopped working when 64-bit TZif files were introduced in 1995.
This should not be a problem for realistic data, since DST was
first used in the 20th century. As a transition aid, FROM columns
like "minimum" are now diagnosed and then treated as if they were
the year 1900; this should suffice for TZif files on old systems
with only 32-bit time_t, and it is more compatible with bugs in
2023c-and-earlier localtime.c. (Problem reported by Yoshito
Umaoka.)

localtime and related functions no longer mishandle some
timestamps that occur about 400 years after a switch to a time
zone with a DST schedule. In 2023d data this problem was visible
for some timestamps in November 2422, November 2822, etc. in
America/Ciudad_Juarez. (Problem reported by Gilmore Davidson.)

strftime %s now uses tm_gmtoff if available. (Problem and draft
patch reported by Dag-Erling Smørgrav.)

Changes to build procedure

The leap-seconds.list file is now copied from the IERS instead of
from its downstream counterpart at NIST, as the IERS version is
now in the public domain too and tends to be more up-to-date.
(Thanks to Martin Burnicki for liaisoning with the IERS.)

Changes to documentation

The strftime man page documents which struct tm members affect
which conversion specs, and that tzset is called. (Problems
reported by Robert Elz and Steve Summit.)

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
380c07cef01c71c1f93e9709d9f8c79b91cff063 dated 2024-02-01 09:28:56 -0800
and tagged '2024a' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

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2023d release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
Dec. 22, 2023
Dec. 22, 2023
The 2023d release of the tz code and data is available.

This release contains the following changes:

Briefly:
Ittoqqortoormiit, Greenland changes time zones on 2024-03-31.
Vostok, Antarctica changed time zones on 2023-12-18.
Casey, Antarctica changed time zones five times since 2020.
Code and data fixes for Palestine timestamps starting in 2072.
A new data file zonenow.tab for timestamps starting now.

Changes to future timestamps

Ittoqqortoormiit, Greenland (America/Scoresbysund) joins most of
the rest of Greenland's timekeeping practice on 2024-03-31, by
changing its time zone from -01/+00 to -02/-01 at the same moment
as the spring-forward transition. Its clocks will therefore not
spring forward as previously scheduled. The time zone change
reverts to its common practice before 1981.

Fix predictions for DST transitions in Palestine in 2072-2075,
correcting a typo introduced in 2023a.

Changes to past and future timestamps

Vostok, Antarctica changed to +05 on 2023-12-18. It had been at
+07 (not +06) for years. (Thanks to Zakhary V. Akulov.)

Change data for Casey, Antarctica to agree with
timeanddate.com
by adding five time zone changes since 2020. Casey is now at +08
instead of +11.

Changes to past tm_isdst flags

Much of Greenland, represented by America/Nuuk, changed its
standard time from -03 to -02 on 2023-03-25, not on 2023-10-28.
This does not affect UTC offsets, only the tm_isdst flag.
(Thanks to Thomas M. Steenholdt.)

New data file

A new data file zonenow.tab helps configure applications that use
timestamps dated from now on. This simplifies configuration,
since users choose from a smaller Zone set. The file's format is
experimental and subject to change.

Changes to code

localtime.c no longer mishandles TZif files that contain a single
transition into a DST regime. Previously, it incorrectly assumed
DST was in effect before the transition too. (Thanks to Alois
Treindl for debugging help.)

localtime.c's timeoff no longer collides with OpenBSD 7.4.

The C code now uses _Generic only if __STDC_VERSION__ says the
compiler is C11 or later.

tzselect now optionally reads zonenow.tab, to simplify when
configuring only for timestamps dated from now on.

tzselect no longer creates temporary files.

tzselect no longer mishandles the following:

Spaces and most other special characters in BUGEMAIL, PACKAGE,
TZDIR, and VERSION.

TZ strings when using mawk 1.4.3, which mishandles regular
expressions of the form /X{2,}/.

ISO 6709 coordinates when using an awk that lacks the GNU
extension of newlines in -v option-arguments.

Non UTF-8 locales when using an iconv command that lacks the GNU
//TRANSLIT extension.

zic no longer mishandles data for Palestine after the year 2075.
Previously, it incorrectly omitted post-2075 transitions that are
predicted for just before and just after Ramadan. (Thanks to Ken
Murchison for debugging help.)

zic now works again on Linux 2.6.16 and 2.6.17 (2006).
(Problem reported by Rune Torgersen.)

Changes to build procedure

The Makefile is now more compatible with POSIX:
* It no longer defines AR, CC, CFLAGS, LDFLAGS, and SHELL.
* It no longer uses its own 'cc' in place of CC.
* It now uses ARFLAGS, with default specified by POSIX.
* It does not use LFLAGS incompatibly with POSIX.
* It uses the special .POSIX target.
* It quotes special characters more carefully.
* It no longer mishandles builds in an ISO 8859 locale.
Due to the CC changes, TZDIR is now #defined in a file tzfile.h
built by 'make', not in a $(CC) -D option. Also, TZDEFAULT is
now treated like TZDIR as they have similar roles.

Changes to commentary

Limitations and hazards of the optional support for obsolescent
C89 platforms are documented better, along with a tentative
schedule for removing this support.

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
cc48c2dfa2f3c21d25ab108bba978b0307ecf0e8 dated 2023-12-21 20:02:24 -0800
and tagged '2023d' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

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2023c release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
March 28, 2023
March 28, 2023
The 2023c release of the tz code and data is available.

This release's code and data are identical to 2023a. In other words,
this release reverts all changes made in 2023b other than commentary, as
that appears to be the best of a bad set of short-notice choices for
modeling this week's daylight saving chaos in Lebanon. (Thanks to Rany
Hany for the heads-up about the government's announcement this week.)

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
ddb8cf09d54ecc486ed6665edcdd642abccd4eef dated 2023-03-28 12:42:14 -0700
and tagged '2023c' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

Here are the SHA-512 checksums for the release files:

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2023b release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert
March 24, 2023
March 24, 2023
The 2023b release of the tz code and data is available. It follows so
closely on the 2023a release because Lebanon's government announced that
Lebanon's spring-forward transition previously scheduled for the end of
this week has been delayed until April 20.

This release contains the following change:

Briefly:
Lebanon delays the start of DST this year.

Changes to future timestamps

This year Lebanon springs forward April 20/21 not March 25/26.
(Thanks to Saadallah Itani.)

Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by
appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are
appended to this message.

This release corresponds to commit
71faa2a55db2c9f21f4099b58c28536673982e0a dated 2023-03-23 19:50:38 -0700
and tagged '2023b' in the development GitHub repository at
>.

Here are the SHA-512 checksums for the release files:

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