…ve learning, which can be found in the Open-Source Software movement and in the Wikipedia information production and consumption model. Next, the chapter presents and discusses examples of educational platforms, open education, and shared resources and initiatives in Europe. The …

… . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Recall-Oriented Learning of Named Entities in Arabic Wikipedia Behrang Mohit, Nathan Schneider, Rishav Bhowmick, Kemal Oflazer and Noah A. Smith . . . . 162 ix Tree Representations in Probabilistic Models for Extended Named Entities Detection Marco Dina…

…tangible cultural heritage is identified and produced by communities on an open, wiki-based inventory platform called Wiki-inventory for Living Heritage (2016–). In the case of authoritative intangible heritage inventorying, ‘Finnishness’ is a rather exclusive and formal category …

…es the electromagnetic force. The best description I’ve found so far comes from Wikipedia: viz., photons are ‘chunked ripples in a field, or “excitations”, that “look like” particles’ (Wikipedia s.v.; emphasis added). That is, a photon can be considered as a discretely located (w…