Wiktionary:Entry layout - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Wiktionary:Entry layout - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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(Redirected from
Wiktionary:Entry layout explained
“WT:MOS” redirects here. For the style guide, see
Wiktionary:Style guide
This is a
Wiktionary policy, guideline or common practices page
It should not be modified without discussion and consensus. Any substantial or contested changes require a
VOTE
Policies
– Entries:
CFI
EL
NORM
NPOV
QUOTE
REDIR
DELETE
. Languages:
LT
AXX
. Others:
BLOCK
BOTS
VOTES
Shortcuts
WT:EL
WT:ELE
WT:MOS
This is a list of norms that govern how an entry should be formatted. This includes what sections are allowed and what contents are expected to be found in them. These rules reflect what editors think as best concerning the standard format of an entry.
Flexibility
While the information below may represent some kind of “standard” form, it is not a set of rigid rules. You may experiment with deviations, but other editors may find those deviations unacceptable, and revert those changes. They have just as much right to do that as you have to make them. Be ready to discuss those changes. If you want your way accepted, you have to make the case for that. Unless there is a good reason for deviating, the standard should be presumed correct. Refusing to discuss, or engaging in edit wars may also affect your credibility in other unrelated areas.
Basics
A very simple example
This is a simple entry for the word
bed
, and shows the most fundamental elements of an entry:
a word’s language (as a level 2 heading),
its part of speech or “type” (as a level 3 heading),
the word itself (using
the correct headword template
),
a definition (preceded by “
”, which causes automatic numbering),
links in the definition for key words,
“References” (as a level 3 heading), and
a verifiable place where you found the word.
This example can be copied and used to start an entry or section of an entry.
==English==

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# A piece of [[furniture]] to [[sleep]] on.

===References===
* ''The Oxford Paperback Dictionary''
Variations for languages other than English
Entries for terms in other languages should follow the standard format as closely as possible regardless of the language of the word. However, a translation into English should normally be given instead of a definition, including a gloss to indicate which meaning of the English translation is intended. Also, the translations section should be omitted.
For languages written in other scripts (Japanese, Gothic, etc.), we have
romanization
systems in place. It is required that each romanization entry contain at least one definition line starting with “#” in the wikitext.
Some languages do have characteristics that require variation from the standard format. For links to these variations see
Wiktionary:Language considerations
List of headings
Shortcuts
WT:LOH
WT:ORDER
There are additional headings which you should include if possible, but if you don’t have the necessary expertise, resources or time, you have no obligation to add them, with the possible exception of “References”. The list below is not an exclusive list; other headings may be essential in some circumstances. An order for these headings is recommended, but variations in that order are also allowable.
A typical entry that uses many of these additional headings could be formatted thus:
==English==
===Alternative forms===
===Etymology===
===Pronunciation===
* Phonetic transcriptions
* Audio files in any relevant dialects
* Rhymes
* Homophones
* Hyphenation
===Noun===
Headword line
# Meaning 1
#* Quotations
# Meaning 2
#* Quotations
etc.
====Usage notes====
====Synonyms====
====Antonyms====
====Hypernyms====
====Hyponyms====
====Meronyms====
====Holonyms====
====Troponyms====
====Coordinate terms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====
====Collocations====
====Descendants====
====Translations====
===Verb===
Headword line
# Meaning 1
#* Quotations
etc.
====Usage notes====
====Synonyms====
====Antonyms====
====Hypernyms====
====Hyponyms====
====Meronyms====
====Holonyms====
====Troponyms====
====Coordinate terms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====
====Collocations====
====Descendants====
====Translations====
===References===
===Further reading===
===Anagrams===

==Finnish==
===Etymology===
===Pronunciation===
===Noun===
Headword line
# Meaning 1 in English
#* Quotation in Finnish
#** Quotation translated into English
# Meaning 2 in English
#* Quotation in Finnish
#** Quotation translated into English
====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====
A key principle in ordering the headings and indentation levels is nesting. The order shown above accomplishes this most of the time. A heading placed at one level includes everything that follows until an equivalent level is encountered. If a word can be a noun and a verb, everything that derives from its being the first chosen part of speech should be put before the second one is started. Nesting is a key principle of Wiktionary's entry layout norms, but it is difficult to describe with only a few words. If you have problems with it, look at existing entries or ask a more experienced editor for help.
Headings before the definitions
In general, headings in this group do not depend on the meaning of the word. They give an environment that leads up to the word and its relation to other words, and allow us to distinguish it from others that may be similar in some respects. Order of headings:
Alternative forms
Description
Glyph origin
Etymology
Pronunciation
(or
Production
for sign language entries)
Headings after the definitions
These headings generally derive from knowing the meaning of the word. Order of headings:
Usage notes
10
Inflection
Declension
or
Conjugation
Reconstruction notes
11
Alternative forms
Alternative reconstructions
11
Synonyms
Antonyms
Hypernyms
Hyponyms
Meronyms
Holonyms
Troponyms
Coordinate terms
12
Derived terms
Related terms
Collocations
13
Descendants
Translations
See also
Mutation
14
Trivia
References
Further reading
15
16
Anagrams
Contents
Entry name
The name of the entry is the term, phrase, symbol, morpheme or other lexical unit being defined.
17
For languages with two cases of script, the entry name usually begins with a lowercase letter.
18
For example, use
work
for the English noun and verb, not
Work
. Words which begin with a
capital letter
in running text are exceptions. Typical examples include proper nouns (
Paris
Neptune
), German nouns (
Brot
Straße
), and many abbreviations (
PC
DIY
). If someone tries to access the entry with incorrect capitalization, the software will try to redirect to the correct page automatically.
For prefixes, suffixes and other morphemes in most languages, place the character “-” where it links with other words:
pre-
-ation
-a-
, etc.
Some page titles can’t be created because of restrictions in the software, usually because they contain certain symbols such as
or
, or are too long. The full list of those entries is at
Appendix:Unsupported titles
. They are named using the descriptive format “
Unsupported titles/Number sign
”, while using
JavaScript
to show the correct title like a normal entry.
For names of matched-pair entries such as
( )
and
* *
, see
Wiktionary:Matched-pair entries § Entry name
19
For names of sign language entries, see
Wiktionary:About sign languages § Entry name
20
Before the first language section
When multiple capitalizations, punctuation, diacritics, ligatures, scripts and combinations with numbers and other symbols exist, such as
pan
(as in “frying pan”),
Pan
(the Greek god),
pan-
(meaning “all-”) and
パン
pan
(Japanese for “bread”), use the template
{{
also
}}
at the top of the page to cross-link between them:
{{
also
|Pan|PAN|pan-|Pan-}}
. When there are too many variations, place them in a separate appendix page, in this case
Appendix:Variations of "pan"
17
Language
Each entry has one or more L2 (level-two) language sections. For example, the entry
sea
has different meanings in English and Spanish, both on the same page.
For languages that have multiple names, a single name is chosen that should be used throughout Wiktionary. Typically, this is an English name for the language. See
Wiktionary:Languages
for more information.
Priority is given to Translingual: this heading includes terms that remain the same in all languages. This includes taxonomic names, symbols for the chemical elements, and abbreviations for international units of measurement; for example
Homo sapiens
He
helium
, and
km
kilometre
. English comes next, because this is the English Wiktionary. After that come other languages in alphabetical order.
Language sections
are no longer separated
from each other by a horizontal line.
21
Part of speech
Shortcut
WT:POS
The
part of speech
POS
or
PoS
) is a descriptor like “Noun” or “Adjective”; they are different types of terms, phrases, symbols, morphemes and other lexical units on Wiktionary. Each entry has one or more POS sections. In each, there is a headword line, followed by the definitions themselves.
22
Allowed POS headers:
Parts of speech:
Adjective
Adverb
Ambiposition
Article
Circumposition
Classifier
Conjunction
Contraction
Counter
Determiner
Ideophone
Interjection
Noun
Numeral
Participle
Particle
Postposition
Preposition
Pronoun
Proper noun
Verb
Morphemes:
Circumfix
Combining form
Infix
Interfix
Prefix
Root
Suffix
Symbols and characters:
Diacritical mark
Letter
Ligature
Number
Punctuation mark
Syllable
Symbol
Phrases:
Phrase
Proverb
Prepositional phrase
23
Han
characters and language-specific varieties:
Han character
Hanzi
Kanji
Hanja
Romanization
Logogram
Determinative
Other headers can be proposed as new additions to the list. The use of nonstandard POS headers may cause an entry to be categorized in a cleanup category for further inspection.
Some POS headers are explicitly disallowed:
Abbreviation
Acronym
Initialism
“(POS) form”:
Verb form
Noun form
, etc.
“(POS) phrase”:
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
, etc. (with the exception of
Prepositional phrase
“(attribute) (POS)”:
Transitive verb
Personal pronoun
, etc. (with the exception of
Proper noun
“(POS) (number)”:
Noun 1
Noun 2
, etc.
Cardinal number
Ordinal number
Cardinal numeral
Ordinal numeral
(note that ordinal numbers like
first
are classified as adjectives but put in
Category:English ordinal numbers
by a template and fractions like
seven eighths
are nouns, and are added to
Category:English fractional numbers
by a template)
Clitic
Gerund
Idiom
Headword line
The headword line
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is the line directly below the part of speech header, in which the word is repeated, along with a romanization if applicable. You can use either the generic template
{{
head
}}
or language-specific templates, such as
{{
en-noun
}}
for English nouns. In some languages, additional information such as genders and inflected forms are found in the headword line.
25
For examples in English entries, see
Wiktionary:English entry guidelines § Headword-line templates
For a list of templates for English, see
Category:English headword-line templates
Definitions
See also:
Wiktionary:Style guide § Definitions
The definitions are in the POS section, below the headword line. The definitions are organized as a numbered list. The numbers are generated by adding the number sign (#) at the start of each definition in the wikitext. The key terms of a definition should be linked to the respective entries.
26
The vote “
2006-12/form-of style
” is relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see it for details.
The vote “
2010-08/Italicizing use-with-mention
” is relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see it for details.
For definitions concerning matched-pair entries and their components, see
Wiktionary:Matched-pair entries § Definitions and redirects
19
Definitions may be illustrated by quotations. Quotations are generally placed under the definition which they illustrate. Where this is not possible (e.g. if a usage does not clearly relate to a specific sense), they should be placed on the Citations page. Less illustrative quotations may also be put on the Citations page. For details of how to format quotations, see
Wiktionary:Quotations
27
Abbreviations
For abbreviations, acronyms and initialisms (such as
PC
and
SNAFU
), the definitions usually use templates linking to the expanded forms of the abbreviation. For example, one of the senses in the entry
PC
may be a template that displays “Initialism of
personal computer
.” Do not capitalise words in the expanded form unless that is how the expanded form is usually written. (In the previous example, don’t write “
Personal Computer
”.) Where the expanded form is an entry that exists (or should exist) in Wiktionary, link to it. Otherwise, if an appropriate Wikipedia article exists, link to it. When the expanded form does not merit either a Wiktionary entry or a Wikipedia article, link it to its component words. You may expand the definition with a
gloss
if appropriate.
28
Context labels
A context label identifies
a definition which only applies in a restricted context
. Such labels indicate, for example, that the following definition occurs in a limited geographic region or temporal period, or is used only by specialists in a particular field and not by the general population. Many context label templates also place an entry into a relevant category, but they must not be used merely for categorization (see
category links
, below). One or more labels may be placed before the definition:
An example context label
wikitext
result
{{
lb
|en|informal}}
An [[informant]] or [[snitch]].
informal
An
informant
or
snitch
Details in
Wiktionary:Context labels
29
Example sentences
Main article:
Wiktionary:Example sentences
Generally, every definition should be accompanied by one or more
quotations
illustrating that definition. Quotations are supplemented by example sentences, which are devised by Wiktionary editors in order to illustrate definitions. Example sentences should:
be grammatically complete sentences, beginning with a capital letter and ending with a period, question mark, or exclamation point.
be placed immediately
after
the applicable numbered definition and any inline semantic relations (such as
{{
syn
}}
), and
before
any quotations associated with that specific definition.
be
italicized
, with the defined term
boldfaced
be as brief as possible while still clarifying the sense of the term. (In rare cases, examples consisting of two brief sentences may work best.)
be indented using the “
#:
” command placed at the start of the line.
for languages in non-Latin scripts, a transcription is to be given in the line below, with an additional level of indentation: “
#::
”.
for languages other than English, a translation is to be given in the line below (i.e. below the sentence or below the transcription), with an additional level of indentation: “
#::
”, and with the translation of the defined term
boldfaced
not
contain wikilinks (the words should be easy enough to understand without additional lookup).
The goal of the example sentences is the following, which is to be kept in mind when making one up:
To place the term in a context in which it is likely to appear, addressing level of formality, dialect, etc.
To provide notable
collocations
, particularly those that are not idiomatic.
To select scenarios in which the meaning of the example itself is clear.
To illustrate the meaning of the term to the extent that a definition is obtuse.
To exemplify varying grammatical frames that are well understood, especially those that may not be obvious, for instance relying on collocation with a preposition.
30
Alternative forms
See also
Wiktionary:Forms and spellings
Shortcut
WT:ALTER
Some variations of the same word kept in multiple pages include:
regional variations:
color
colour
center
centre
historical variations:
anæmia
anaemia
coördinate
coordinate
hyphenization/compounds:
tea cup
tea-cup
teacup
style variation:
naiveté
naïveté
uncertain capitalization:
laser
LASER
different scripts:
реч
reč
(Serbo-Croatian for
word
17
31
Description
The “Description” section is placed in entries for symbols, containing a visual description of the current symbol.
Section contents:
The visual description should be as short as possible. Just using the name from the Unicode codepoint should usually be enough for the character description.
The entry
(Unicode name:
HOURGLASS
) may be described as “An
hourglass
.”
When the Unicode codepoint name does not tell anything about the character shape, a short shape description may be added in one’s own words.
The entry
(Unicode name:
LINK SYMBOL
) may be described as “Two or three
interlocked
chain
links
.”
Major rendering variations may be mentioned.
The entry
(Unicode name:
BANK
) may mention: “This is sometimes
rendered
as a bank
emoji
, or just the written word ‘bank’.”
Etymology
Main article:
Wiktionary:Etymology
The first header below the language heading is usually the level 3 “Etymology” header. The etymology is given right below the header without indentation. Etymology essentially shows where the word comes from. This may show the forms in other languages that underlie the word. For many modern words it may show who coined the word. If a word is derived from another in the same language by a regular rule, such as formation of an English adverb by adding “ly”, it is not necessary to repeat the complete details of the word’s origin on the page for the derived word.
32
Sometimes two
words
with different etymologies belong in the same entry because they are spelled the same (they are homographs). In such a case there will be more than one “Etymology” header, which we number. Hence for a word like
lead
the basic header skeleton looks like this:
===Etymology 1===
====Pronunciation====
====Noun====
===Etymology 2===
====Pronunciation====
====Noun====
====Verb====
Note that in the case of multiple etymologies, all subordinate headers need to have their levels increased by 1 in order to comply with the fundamental concept of showing dependence through nesting.
When multiple etymologies are present, we recommend that – whenever possible – they are ordered by descending commonness in the language, so that the most common etymology is at the top. This may differ from the order given in a native monolingual dictionary. We recognize that editors won't always have sufficient information or context to order etymologies that way, so we encourage the application of this guidance on a best-effort basis.
33
We also recommend that etymologies for lemmas precede etymologies for non-lemma forms. Languages on Wiktionary include non-lemma forms to varying degrees (if at all); however, it's a universal goal to increase the coverage of lemmas. In narrow cases, non-lemma etymologies can precede lemma etymologies, such as when a very common non-lemma form happens to have a rare or obsolete lemma homograph. Additionally, a lemma derived from a non-lemma form can follow that non-lemma form. Further deviations from this recommendation are allowable subject to editor consensus, reached on an entry's talk page, Beer parlour or another forum.
33
The vote “
2007-10/style for mentioned terms
” is relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see it for details.
Pronunciation
Main article:
Wiktionary:Pronunciation
The “Pronunciation” section includes the transcriptions, audio pronunciations, rhymes, hyphenations and homophones.
34
The region or accent (
{{
|en|GA}}
{{
|en|RP}}
{{
|en|Australia}}
et al.
) is first if there is regional variation, followed by the name of the transcription system, then a colon, then the transcription. It is preferable to use an established transcription system, such as enPR
35
36
or
IPA
(see
Wiktionary:Pronunciation key
for an outline of these two systems). Phonemic transcriptions are normally placed between diagonal strokes (
/ /
), and phonetic transcriptions between square brackets (
[ ]
).
For audio pronunciations, upload the Ogg file to
Commons
and link to it using
{{
audio
}}
or a similar template.
Rhymes are listed in the “Rhymes” namespace. Do not list rhymes in the entry; instead, add a link to the respective rhymes page using
{{
rhymes
}}
. See the template for usage instructions.
Use the template
{{
hyphenation
}}
to list hyphenation patterns.
Homophones are words in the same language that have the same sound. (Avoid using the ambiguous term
homonym
, as it can mean either
homophone
or
homograph
.) Do not add: 1) words that are “nearly” homophones or rhymes (for example, for
right
, do not add
white
or
light
); 2) words that are homophones if they are mispronounced in some way (e.g. for
miss
, do not add
myth
); 3) words from other languages (which are unlikely to be true homophones anyway). Homophones are listed in alphabetical order using the
{{
homophones
}}
template. If a word is a homophone in a particular dialect, it may be added provided the dialect is indicated (for example,
latter
is a homophone of
ladder
in accents with
flapping
, and
farther
is a homophone of
father
in some
non-rhotic
accents).
A typical pronunciation section may look like the following (simplified) example based on the word
symbol
* {{IPA|en|/ˈsɪmbəl/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-symbol.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɪmbəl}}
* {{hyphenation|en|sym|bol}}
* {{homophones|en|cymbal}}
IPA
key
/ˈsɪmbəl/
Audio
US
file
Rhymes:
-ɪmbəl
Hyphenation:
sym‧bol
Homophone
cymbal
Example with multiple accents (see entry
portmanteau
):
* {{IPA|en|/pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/|a=RP}}
* {{enPR|pôrtmă'ntō|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/pɔɹtˈmæntoʊ/}}; {{enPR|pô'rtmăntōʹ}}, {{IPA|en|/ˌpɔɹtmænˈtoʊ/}}
Received Pronunciation
IPA
key
/pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/
US
enPR
pôrtmă'ntō
IPA
key
/pɔɹtˈmæntoʊ/
enPR
pô'rtmăntōʹ
IPA
key
/ˌpɔɹtmænˈtoʊ/
Examples with homophones depending on the dialect (see entries
ladder
and
father
, respectively):
* {{homophones|en|latter}} {{q|in accents with [[flapping]]}}
* {{homophones|en|farther}} {{q|in [[non-rhotic]] accents}}
Homophone
latter
in accents with
flapping
Homophone
farther
in
non-rhotic
accents
Usage notes
These notes should not take the place of context labels when those are adequate for the job.
Describe how a term is used, rather than trying to dictate how it should be used from your point of view.
Curb the tendency to be long-winded in this section; brief explicit notes tend to be more effective.
When mentioning entries in running text, use the
{{
}}
template, which italicizes entries written in Latin script.
Be prepared to document these notes with references.
37
Synonyms
This is a list of words that have similar meanings as the word being defined. They are often very inexact.
Where several definitions of the headword
38
exist, synonyms can be given in a separate list for each meaning:
Summarise the definition for which synonyms are being given with
{{
sense
}}
List the synonyms for this definition, in alphabetical order and separated by commas,
wikifying
each synonym using
{{
}}
39
Use one line for each definition, beginning each line with a
bullet
The synonyms section for
apogee
might look like this:
{{
sense
|point in an orbit}}
{{
|en|apocenter}}
{{
|en|apoapsis}}
{{
|en|apsis}}
{{
sense
|highest point}}
{{
|en|acme}}
{{
|en|culmination}}
{{
|en|zenith}}
To avoid identical lengthy lists of synonyms in many entries a single reference can be made in each to a common
Thesaurus
page:
{{
sense
|highest point}}
See also [[Thesaurus:apex]]
An alternative to listing synonyms in a separate section is their placement immediately under the corresponding definition lines with
{{
synonyms
}}
# The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is furthest from the Earth.
#:
{{
synonyms
|en|apocenter|apoapsis|apsis}}
# The highest point.
#:
{{
synonyms
|en|acme|culmination|zenith}}
The choice between the two formats is subject to editorial discretion.
Further semantic relations
Main article:
Wiktionary:Semantic relations
The following headers are available to define sections containing semantically related words other than synonyms: Antonyms, Hypernyms, Hyponyms, Meronyms, Holonyms, Troponyms, Coordinate terms, See also.
Each of these sections is formatted exactly like the Synonyms section (see above).
All links in these sections use the
{{
}}
template rather than plain wikilinks.
39
Derived terms
List terms in the same language that are morphological derivatives. For example, the noun
driver
is derived, by addition of the suffix
-er
, from the verb
to
drive
. If it is not known from which part of speech a certain derivative was formed it is necessary to have a “Derived terms” header on the same level as the part of speech headings.
All links in this section use the
{{
}}
template rather than plain wikilinks;
39
for longer lists,
{{
col
}}
is generally used.
Related terms
List words in the same language that have strong etymological connections but aren’t derived terms. Each such term should be wikified. For example,
datum
and
data
should point to each other in this section since the latter is the plural of the former, and the plural form is not obtained by morphological derivation but was taken directly from Latin (where it is a morphological derivation). Another example is the pair of nouns
pendant
and
pennant
. These should cross-reference each other as they have very similar (arguably identical) etymologies in some subsenses.
Collocations
Main article:
Wiktionary:Collocations
Collocations are combinations of words that occur with much higher frequency than would be expected by chance.
Collocations may either be added under the corresponding sense using
{{
coi
}}
or
{{
co
}}
(after all nyms but before all examples), or under a dedicated
====Collocations====
header, as described in
Wiktionary:Collocations
Descendants
List terms in other languages that have borrowed or inherited the word. The etymology of these terms should then link back to the page.
Inherited terms should be listed first, ordered according to any layout specified on the relevant
language considerations page
(so far as one is specified), and otherwise alphabetically by language name or family at each indentation level. These are then followed by all other descendants (e.g. borrowed terms), alphabetically by language name at each indentation level. For languages with multi-word names, their place in the order is determined by the first letter of the first name component – for instance, Norwegian comes before Old English, which comes before Portuguese.
40
Translations
Main article:
Wiktionary:Translations
ONLY add translations that you are CERTAIN of.
If you aren’t familiar with a language, or aren’t sure of a particular translation, it is far better not to add it than to risk adding an incorrect translation.
NEVER use automatic translation software
to generate translations from English into a language you don’t speak. Automatic translations into English are likewise problematic. Translation software rarely gives accurate results.
DO NOT COPY from translating dictionaries
(bilingual or multilingual) as this may constitute copyright violation. This applies to dictionaries both in print form and online. Dictionaries that are
out of copyright
may be used.
Translations should be given in English entries, and also in Translingual entries for taxonomic names. Entries for languages other than English and Translingual should not have Translations sections. Any translation between two foreign languages is best handled on the Wiktionaries in those languages.
41
English inflected forms will not have translations. For example,
paints
will not, as it is the plural and third-person singular of
paint
. In such entries as have additional meanings, these additional meanings should have translations. For example, the noun
building
should have translations, but the present participle of
build
will not.
42
The translation section is separated into a number of divisions that are keyed to the various meanings of the English word. Each division is separated into a distinct collapsible navigation box by use of the translation section templates (see below for example.) The boxes are each headed by a summary of the translated meaning.
Within each box, the languages for which translations exist are listed by their English names in alphabetical order. The language name is preceded by a bullet (generated by *) followed by a colon and the translations into that language. The collapsible navigation box is obtained by adding the
{{
trans-top
}}
template just before the first language and
{{
trans-bottom
}}
at the line after the last translation.
43
Use the
{{
}}
template for each translation.
44
This will create a link to that word in this Wiktionary and a small link to the Wiktionary for that language.
45
46
47
48
References for the translation should be on that other page rather than in the translation list. If you think
{{
}}
is too complex, simply enclose the translation in square brackets.
Translations not in the Latin script should display a transliteration according to that language’s
transliteration policy
, unless the policy states otherwise.
49
Do not link the language name.
50
Correct:
Portuguese:
cachorro
Incorrect:
Portuguese
cachorro
Provide the grammatical gender of the translations of nouns, if appropriate, giving parameters such as m, f, n and c for “masculine”, “feminine”, “neuter” and “common” respectively to
{{
}}
Do not add the pronunciation of the translation or detailed grammatical information: such information should be provided on the page for the translation itself.
Ensure that multiple translations are given in full. For example, for the German for “ankle”, which is
Knöchel
or
Fußknöchel
, write:
German:
Knöchel
Fußknöchel
rather than just combining the two as “(Fuß-) Knöchel” or similar, which is liable to be misunderstood.
Do not give literal (word-for-word) translations of idioms, unless the literal translation is what is actually used in the
target language
. Most idioms do not translate word for word. For example, the idiom “none of your beeswax” cannot be translated into German literally as “nicht dein Bienenwachs”, as this does not have the same meaning in German; an idiomatic translation is “nicht dein Bier” (which means, literally, “not your beer” in English).
Do not give translations back into English of idiomatic translations. For example, when translating “bell bottoms” into French as “pattes d’éléphant”, do not follow this with the literal translation back into English of “elephant’s feet”. While this sort of information is undoubtedly interesting, it belongs in the entry for the translation itself.
Here is an example (a shortened version of the entry for
orange
) illustrating some of the conventions:
32
===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# The [[fruit]] of the [[orange tree]].
# The [[reddish]]-[[yellow]] [[colour]] of an orange.

====Translations====
{{trans-top|fruit of the orange tree}}
* French: {{t|fr|orange|f}}
* German: {{t|de|Apfelsine|f}}, {{t|de|Orange|f}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|オレンジ|tr=orenji}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|апельси́н|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|на̀ра̄нџа|f}}, {{t|sh|помо̀ра̄нџа|f}}
*: Latin: {{t|sh|nàrāndža|f}}, {{t|sh|pomòrāndža|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|colour of an orange}}
* German: {{t|de|Orange|n}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|כתום|m|tr=katóm|alt=כתום / כָּתֹם}}
* Latvian: {{t|lt|oranžs|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}
When a translation in the target language is not a lemma form, use
alt
parameter to display the translation but use lemma-forms as the page name, e.g. the Russian translation of
asleep
links to the Russian verb
спать
spatʹ
to sleep
but displays
спя́щий
spjáščij
, literally
sleeping
, which is an equivalent of
asleep
...
* Russian: {{t+|ru|спать|alt=спя́щий}}
...
When there is no single word equivalent in the target language, use
{{
}}
with embedded wikilinks for the individual words. For example the Russian translation of
livelihood
...
* Russian: {{t|ru|[[средство|сре́дства]] [[к]] [[существование|существова́нию]]|n-p}}
...
Result:
Russian:
сре́дства
существова́нию
pl
srédstva k suščestvovániju
Trivia
Other observations may be added, under the heading “Trivia”.
51
Because of the unlimited range of possibilities, no formatting details can be provided.
See also
The “See also” section is used to link to entries and/or other pages on Wiktionary, including appendices and categories. Don’t use this section to link to external sites such as Wikipedia or other encyclopedias and dictionaries.
15
References
Main article:
Wiktionary:References
The “References” section contains reference works where users can verify the information available on our entries. This improves the reliability and usefulness of Wiktionary. References are especially encouraged for unusual or disputable claims in etymologies—such as the etymology of
windhover
—or usage notes.
15
References may be given in a normal bibliographic format showing author, title, place of publication, publisher and year of publication.
Reference templates
are used for some of the most common sources.
Further reading
The “Further reading” section contains simple recommendations of further places to look.
15
16
This section may only be used to link to external dictionaries and encyclopedias, (for example, Wikipedia, or 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica) which may be available online or in print.
This section is
not
meant to prove the validity of what is being stated on the Wiktionary entries (the “References” section serves that purpose).
Examples:
William Dwight Whitney
Benjamin E[li] Smith
, editors (
1911
), “
water
”, in
The Century Dictionary
, New York, N.Y.:
The Century Co.
→OCLC
water
”, in
Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary
, Springfield, Mass.:
G. & C. Merriam
1913
→OCLC
Anagrams
Main article:
Wiktionary:Anagrams
Anagrams may be entered in alphabetical order under a level 3 header
===Anagrams===
. Only list anagrams that are words in the same language. For
post
, the anagrams section would look like this:
52
53
* {{anagrams|en|OTPs|POTS|PTOs|Spot|opts|pots|spot|stop|tops}}
You may include the
alphagram
via the
|a=
parameter. This is not displayed in the entry unless it is included elsewhere in the anagram list. For
post
, the anagrams section would look like this:
54
55
* {{anagrams|en|a=opst|OTPs|POTS|PTOs|Spot|opts|pots|spot|stop|tops}}
Metadata
This is material which is edited in a regular edit box, but does not appear in the entry when it is read. In some cases where it appears depends on your user preferences, especially the skin that you have chosen.
Category links
Main article:
Wiktionary:Categorization
A Wiktionary category is a group of related entries which are listed on a category page. Sub-categories may also appear on that page. Categories and lists under various names may seem very similar, but the way they are built is very different; in most cases, but especially in open-ended lists, they complement each other.
To include an entry in a category, simply add a category tag to the entry thus:
[[Category:Category name]]
The link will appear at the bottom of the page in some skins and at the top in others, regardless of where it is placed in the edit box. Category links are placed one per line at the end of the appropriate language section.
56
Putting these tags in a consistent place makes them easier to find in a longer entry’s edit field. A category link appears red if its category page has not yet been described, but categorized entries will appear there. You should edit a new category page, usually to add a brief description of the category and adding one or more tags to place it in a higher-level category.
By convention, it is preferable to use the plural for most category names that are nouns. This will avoid having a category divided in two when some use the plural and some use the singular.
Some votes are relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see them for details:
Representative entries
Lexical categories
Add en: to English topical categories, part 2
Categories of names 2
Derivations categories
Chinese categories
Rename Category:US Category:American English
Images
Lemma entries, whether English or non-English, can contain relevant images. Constraints:
An image of a person relating to the coinage or etymology should be excluded unless another rationale for inclusion applies. Thus,
newspeak
should not contain an image of George Orwell, and
Pythagorean theorem
should not contain an image of Pythagoras.
Further constraints may apply on a case-by-case basis, as decided by editors.
See also
Wiktionary:Votes/2011-04/Sourced policies
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2012-03/Removing outdated ELE category text
Wiktionary:Style guide
References
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2012-03/Vote requirements for policy changes
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-12/EL introduction
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-10/Headword line
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2013-03/Romanization and definition line
Wiktionary:Votes/2008-12/Amending ELE example entry
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2010-07/Alternative forms header
7.0
7.1
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-09/Placement of "Alternative forms" 2 (weaker proposal)
8.0
8.1
Wiktionary:Votes/2016-08/Description
Wiktionary:Votes/2017-02/Glyph origin
Wiktionary:Votes/2016-02/Placement of "Usage notes"
11.0
11.1
Wiktionary:Beer parlour/2019/November § Include "Reconstruction notes" and "Alternative reconstructions" in WT:EL?
Wiktionary:Beer parlour/2025/October § Moving Reconstruction notes in WT:LOH
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2012-03/Moving "Coordinate terms" up in ELE
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2022-02/Adding_Collocations
If mutations apply only to a particular etymology section or part of speech, they should be nested at the end of that section of the entry, instead of being at the end of the overall entry. See
Wiktionary:Beer parlour/2025/August#Correct the placement of the Mutation header in WT:EL
15.0
15.1
15.2
15.3
Wiktionary:Votes/2016-12/"References" and "External sources"
16.0
16.1
Wiktionary:Votes/2017-03/"External sources", "External links", "Further information" or "Further reading"
17.0
17.1
17.2
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-10/Entry name section
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2005-03/First letter capitalization
19.0
19.1
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-09/Matched-pair entries — policy page
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-12/Entry name: sign languages
Wiktionary:Votes/2023-02/Removing the horizontal rule
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-12/Part of speech
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2010-01/Allow "Prepositional phrase" as a POS header
Wiktionary:Votes/2010-12/Renaming categories for inflection or headword templates
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-12/Headword line 2
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-08/Definitions — introduction
Wiktionary:Votes/2024-07/Remove "Quotations" sections
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-11/Abbreviations
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2009-03/Context labels in ELE v2
Wiktionary:Votes/2007-07/Layout of example sentences
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-12/Entry name section 2
32.0
32.1
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2010-08/Minor policy page changes
33.0
33.1
Wiktionary:Votes/2023-11/Ordering of etymologies within an entry
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-07/Pronunciation 2
Wiktionary:Votes/2007-02/Renaming AHD
Wiktionary:Votes/2007-02/Renaming AHD (run-off)
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2015-12/Usage notes
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2010-08/Minor policy page changes
39.0
39.1
39.2
Wiktionary:Votes/2016-07/Using template l to link to entries
Wiktionary:Votes/2023-11/Ordering of descendants in mainspace entries
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-01/Translations of taxonomic names
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2011-02/Disallowing translations for English inflected forms
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2006-12/Change style standard to use new trans-top style templates
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2008-12/t template in WT:ELE
Wiktionary:Votes/2006-12/Translations with or without interwiki links
Wiktionary:Votes/2006-12/"Translations - wiki links"
Wiktionary:Votes/2007-01/Translations - wiki links (run off)
Wiktionary:Votes/2007-03/Translations - wiki links clarify 3
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-01/Automated transliterations
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2012-03/ELE text about wikifying language names
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2016-02/Trivia
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2009-12/Modify anagram section of ELE
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2011-11/Update ELE anagram format
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2009-12/Modify anagram section of ELE
Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2011-11/Update ELE anagram format
Wiktionary:Votes/2007-05/Categories at end of language section
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